Edale ngo-1994, i-European Economic Area (EEA) ihlanganisa amazwe ase-European Union (EU) namazwe alungu le-European Free Trade Association (EFTA) ukuze kube lula ukuhweba nokuhweba kwe-European Market ngaphandle kokufaka isicelo sokuba yinye lamazwe alungu le-EU.
Amazwe angama-EEA ahlanganisa i-Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, i-Czech Republic, iCyprus, iDenmark, i-Estonia, i-Finland, i-France, i-Germany, i-Greece, i-Hungary, i-Iceland, i-Ireland, i-Italy, iLatvia, i-Liechtenstein, i-Lithuania, i-Luxembourg, i-Malta, i-Netherlands, i- ENorway, ePoland, ePortugal, eRomania, eSlovakia, eSlovenia, eSpain, eSweden, e-United Kingdom.
Amazwe angamazwe alungu le-EEA kodwa engekho ingxenye ye-European Union afaka iNorway, Iceland, Liechtenstein, futhi kufanele uhlale ukhumbule ukuthi iSwitzerland, kuyilapho ilungu le-EFTA, lingekho e-Eu noma e-EEA. I-Finland, iSweden ne-Austria abazange bajoyine i-European Economic Area kuze kube ngu-1995; IBulgaria neRomania ngo-2007; I-Iceland ngo-2013; naseCroatia ekuqaleni kuka-2014.
Okushiwo yi-EEA: Izinzuzo zeLungu
I-European Economic Area yindawo yokuhweba yamahhala phakathi kwe-European Union ne-European Free Trade Association (EFTA). Imininingwane yesivumelwano sokuhweba eshiwo yi-EEA ihlanganisa ukukhululeka komkhiqizo, umuntu, isevisi, nokunyakaza kwemali phakathi kwamazwe.
Ngo-1992, amazwe e-EFTA (ngaphandle kweSwitzerland) namalungu e-EU angena kulo mvumelwano futhi ngokwenza kanjalo wandise imakethe yangaphakathi yaseYurophu e-Iceland, e-Liechtenstein naseNorway. Ngesikhathi sokusungulwa kwawo, amazwe angu-31 ayengamalungu e-EEA, ahlanganisa abantu abangaba ngu-372 million futhi abadala ama-dollar ayizigidi ezingama-7,5 (USD) ngonyaka walo wokuqala.
Namuhla, i-European Economic Area isekela inhlangano yayo ngezigaba eziningana, kubandakanya imithetho, iziphathimandla, izinkantolo, nokubonisana, konke okubandakanya abameleli bamazwe amaningana e-EEA.
Lokho i-EEA ikushoyo izakhamizi
Izakhamizi zamazwe angamalungu e-European Economic Area zingathola amalungelo athile angakutholakali kumazwe angewona ama-EEA.
Ngokusho kwe-website ye-EFTA, "Ukuhamba kwamahhala abantu kungenye yamalungelo ayisisekelo okuqinisekisiwe kwi-European Economic Area (EEA) ... Kungenzeka ukuthi ilungelo elibaluleke kakhulu kubantu ngabanye, njengoba linikeza izakhamuzi zamazwe angama-31 e-EEA ithuba lokuphila, ukusebenza, ukusungula ibhizinisi nokufunda kunoma yiliphi lala mazwe. "
Ngokuyinhloko, izakhamuzi zanoma yiliphi ilungu ilungu livunyelwe ukuhamba ngokukhululekile kwamanye amazwe alungu, kungakhathaliseki ukuvakashelwa okwesikhashana noma ukuthuthwa okuhlala njalo. Kodwa-ke, lezi zakhamuzi zisalokhu zihlala njengezakhamuzi ezweni lakubo futhi azikwazi ukufaka izakhamuzi zendawo yokuhlala yazo entsha.
Ukwengeza, imithethonqubo ye-EEA iphinde ilawulwe iziqu zezobuchwepheshe nokudidiyelwa kokuphepha kwezenhlalakahle ukusekela lokhu kuhamba kwamahhala kwabantu phakathi kwamazwe alungu. Njengoba zombili zidingekile ukugcina umnotho kanye nohulumeni bomhlaba ngamunye, lezi zimiso ziyisisekelo sokuvumela ngokuphumelelayo ukunyakaza kwamahhala kwabantu.