01 ka 09
Indawo ehamba phambili yokuhambela umkhosi kanye neRoyal Necropolis
Kutholakale nje ngaphandle kwemingcele yaseParis, iCathhedral Basilica yaseSaint Denis ingenye yezakhiwo zomhlaba eziyinkimbinkimbi yezobuciko be-gothic nomlando wasebukhosini waseFrance, kodwa ngokuvamile uzinakwa yizivakashi (ezithuthukela e- Notre Dame Cathedral noma eSainte- I-Chapelle .) Kucatshangwa ukuthi iyisibonelo sokuqala esakhiwe ngesitayela se-gothic, esakhiwe phakathi kuka-1140 no-1144.
Izindlu ezisele zikaSt. Denis , umgcini ohloniphekile waseFrance (owabulawa ngomhlaka-250 AD), isayithi liye lavakashelwa abahambi, abahambi, kanye nabavakashi kusukela ngekhulu le-5. Nakuba indawo yesonto elikhona manje ne- necropolis yasebukhosini yayisetshenziswe ngaphambili njengamathuna aseGallo-Roman kanye nesonto elincane elakhiwe ngaselwandle lwaseSt. Denis ngo-475, inkosi yaseMerovingian uDagobert yabe isithumela isonto elikhulu lapha ekhulwini lesi-7. Amathambo eSt. Denis ashukunyiswa ema-crypts, lapho ithuna lingabonakala khona.
Funda okuhlobene: Izindawo ezingu-6 eParis ukuze uthole Umlando Wakho Ophakathi
I-cathedral yayicatshangwa ingcwele kangangokuthi u-Pepin the Short, ubaba kaCharlemagne, waba yinkosi eSt. Denis Basilica ngo-754. Wabe esemiswa lapho, kanye namakhosi amaningi namakhosikazi aseFrance kusukela ekhulwini lesithupha kuze kube sekufeni kukaLouis XVIII ngo-1824. I-basilica (eyaba yikhishophu ngo-1966) ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili. I- necropolis egcwele ukukhanya igcwele izithombe ezingaphezu kuka-70 nezithombe zamathuna ezibonisa izindawo zokugcina zokuphumula ezinye zezinhlamvu ezinemibala kunazo zonke eFrance: amakhosi angu-42, amakhosikazi angama-32, izikhulu ezingama-63 namakhosazanazana, kanti izibalo eziyishumi ezibalulekile zomlando zingcwatshwe lapha. Ngaphansi kwalolu lolwandle lwezinto ezihlala phansi ezikhanyiswa ukukhanya kweKathhedral okuyilapho kuvela khona i-crypt, lapho izivakashi zingathola khona amathuna aseSt. Denis kanye nokugcina kwamakhosi aseFrance eBourbon, kuhlanganise noLouis XVI no-Marie-Antoinette abahlukumezekile, abakhishwe ikhanda ngesikhathi I-French Revolution.
Nakuba sekuyisikhathi sokuthatha abahamba ngezinyawo ezinsukwini zonke zaseFrance ngezinyawo ukuze bafike eBaselica, iSt. Denis ngokuthokozisa manje itholakale kulabo abahamba phambili "abahamba ngezinyawo" phakathi kwethu: ukuhamba kwamamitha ambalwa ukusuka eParis. Yenza uhambo oluthakazelisayo olubalulekile oluvela eParis .
Indawo futhi Ufika Lapho
Ikheli: 1 rue de la Légion d'honneur, Saint-Denis 93200
Metro: Basilica de St. Denis (umugqa 13)
Vakashela iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ukuze uthole olunye ulwaziAmahora wokuvula
I-cathedral ne-necropolis zivuliwe unyaka wonke, ngaphandle kokunye okuhlukile.
April 1 kuya kuSepthemba 30: 10 : 00 kuya ku-6: 15 ntambama, ngeSonto 12 kuya ku-6: 15 ntambama
Okthoba 1 kuya ku-Mashi 31: 10am kuya ku-5 ntambama, ngeSonto 12 kuya ku-5: 15 ntambamaQaphela: ukungena kokugcina kungamaminithi angu-30 ngaphambi kokuvala. Hlola iwebhusayithi esemthethweni uma kunamahora okuvula okungajwayelekile ukugwema ukudumala.
Kuvaliwe: Januwari 1, Meyi 1, noDisemba 25 phakathi kwezinye izinkonzo zenkolo.
Amathikithi:
Ukwamukelwa esitokisini kukhululekile, kodwa amathikithi adingekayo ukufinyelela i-necropolis kanye ne-crypt. Abantu abadala bakhokha inani eliphelele lokungena ngenkathi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 zingangena mahhala uma zihambisana nomuntu omdala. Ukungena kwamahhala kunikezwe nezivakashi ezikhutshaziwe kanye nokuthunyelwa kwabo (buza phambili lapho ukubhuka uhambo), izivakashi ezingasebenzi, nezakhamizi ze-EU ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-26 ubudala (enephasiwedi evumelekile ye-EU noma ikhadi le-ID). Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa nolwazi olusha mayelana namanani wokungeniswa, sicela ubheke iwebhusayithi esemthethweni.
Ukuvakasha Okuqondiswayo:
Ukuvakasha okuqondiswayo kuyatholakala kubantu ngabanye noma ngamaqembu. Ukubhuka, shayela +33 (0) 1 49 21 14 87. Izinkambo zangasese eziqondisiwe zitholakala ngezilimi ezihlukahlukene (ulimi lwesiFulentshi, isiNgisi, iSpanishi nesiFulentshi). Shayela +33 (0) 1 44 54 19 33. Lezi zivakashi zithatha phakathi kwehora nehora nengxenye.Ukufinyeleleka:
I-basilica ifinyeleleka ngokugcwele kuzivakashi ezikhubazekile, kodwa usizo olukhethekile lungadinga ukugcinwa kusengaphambili. Shayela +33 (0) 1 49 21 14 87 noma +33 (0) 1 48 09 83 54 ngolwazi oluthe xaxa.
Chofoza ngokusebenzisa igalari ephelele yezithombe nezinkomba ezivela emasikiniki endala, engavamile.
02 ka 09
I-Western Rose Window eCathhedral St Denis
Ekhulwini le-12, u-Abbot Suger waguqula isonto likaDagobert elidabukile lekhulu le-7 laba yimangaliso yokwakha. Kwakukhona amafasitela angenamabala angenalutho, ama-plated-ribbed plailing roof, izindiza ezihamba ngezinyawo, nezinsika ezikhomba, phakathi kwezinye izici ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, kubhekwa kabanzi njengenye yezakhiwo zokuqala zamaGothi, kokubili ngesitayela nesakhiwo.
Kuboniswe lapha iSten Denis 'western window window, njengoba kubonakala kusukela emnyango we-necropolis. Amafasitela amabili ama-rose ahlanganiswa ekhulwini le-19 ukuze athathe indawo yokuqala yangaphambili. Lezi ziphuthumayo zabhujiswa ngesikhathi seRussia Revolution ka-1789; ukuholwa kwamancibilika futhi kwasetshenziswa izikhali.
03 ka 09
Igalari egciniwe: Ukufinyelela Kukhanya
Phakathi neMinyaka Ephakathi, ukukhanya kwakuyisibonakaliso sezwe laphezulu, ezulwini, ngokuvamile likhonza njengesifaniso sikaNkulunkulu. Lapho ebeka isontolika nge-panoply yamafasitela angenamabala, u-Abbot Suger wayethemba ukukhuthaza abakhulekeli ukuba bafinyelele endaweni ekhanyayo, engokomoya, beshiya ubumnyama bezwe lasemhlabeni. ESt. Denis, ukukhanya kwembongo kubumba phansi, izindonga, namathuna ngemikhakha embala eguqula indawo kanye nekhwalithi njengoba usuku luqhubeka. Kuhlala kugqugquzelwa izivakashi ngisho nabaculi, abokugcina abavame ukusetha izingcingo ezingxenyeni eziyinhloko ze-necropolis egcwele ukukhanya ukudweba.
04 ka 09
I-Recumbent Effigies yamaKhosi, ama-Queens, nokuningi
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, iSan Denis yindawo yokuphumula yamakhosikazi amaningi aseFrance, amakhosi, amakhosikazi, namanye amalungu emigodlo yobukhosi, okwakubaluleke kakhulu kuwo okwakhiwe ngendlela ephawulekayo yokwakhiwa. Lezi zifanekiselo ezithokozelayo zikhomba izitayela ezihlukahlukene kwezobuciko. Ngekhulu le-12, isibonelo, izibalo zavezwa ngamehlo abo evulekile, kuyilapho ukuvuselelwa kwabekwa uphawu lokuqoshwa kwezithombe ezinkulu. Le mikhuba yasiza ekuqiniseni ubudlelwane lobuKristu phakathi kokufa nesithembiso sokuvuka.
05 ka 09
Imininingwane ye-Recumbent Effigies
Eminye imidwebo e-St-Denis ivuselela isihawu, njengale mndeni wama-royals, kuhlanganise nengane encane eyabonakala ilahlekelwe impilo yayo kusheshe kakhulu. Lokhu kwaba, ngokudabukisayo, akuyona into engavamile empilweni yangaphakathi, ngisho namalungu omphakathi ocebile kakhulu.
06 ka 09
Ibhomu leNkosi uDagobert I
INkosi uDagobert I waseFrance yayinomsebenzi wokuvuselela iSt Denis njengendlu yezindela zaseBenedictine ezinikezwe eSt. Denis, esikhundleni sesonto elincane elithunywe yiSt. Geneviève eyayingakahlali le ndawo.
I-Dagobert's grave imping, ekhonjiswe ngenhla, itholakala endaweni yokukhulumisana kwenkosi ngo-639, eduze nezintambo zikaSt. Denis.
Le ntela enkulu yabonakala kubavakashelwe kabusha ekhulwini leshumi le-13 futhi isitshela indaba yombono kaJohn ummemezeli: umphefumulo wenkosi uthathwa eGehena ngenxa yokweba kwakhe kwempahla yesonto, kodwa uSaint Denis, uMartin noMaurice banqamule amademoni futhi athathe umphefumulo, awuthathe ezulwini. Njengalokhu, liqinisa umgcini njengomgcini wamakhosi aseCapetian kanye nezingosi zabo ezingokomoya.
07 ka 09
I-Crypt yaseSt Denis
I-St-Denis Basilica, ngokungaqondakali, yanikezelwa kumuntu ongcwele wegama elifanayo, umbhishobhi wokuqala waseFrance owayephila phakathi nekhulu lesithathu. Ngokusho kwama-mythological accounts, wanqunyulwa ikhanda eMontmartre (manje eliyingxenye yaseParis kodwa edolobheni elincane elisenyakatho yezindonga zomuzi) ngenkathi amaRoma eshushisa amaKristu, kodwa wathatha ikhanda lakhe walithatha amakhilomitha ayishumi endaweni ayeyifunayo, lapho iSt. Denis Basilica manje ikhona. Kuthiwa ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwakhe isikhathi eside ikhanda lakhe laqhubeka lishumayela izintshumayelo. Ezobuciko, uvame ukuboniswa njenge-cephalophore - isanta esithwele ikhanda lakhe.
Ithuna lakhe lisemkhathini wokuvubukula we-basilica (okufanekiselwe ngenhla), kanye nalabo abaSanta Rustique no-Eleuthère.
I-romanesque crypt yindawo yokungcwaba kaLouis XVI noMarius-Antoinette abaqale baxoxisana eMadeleine kodwa kamuva bathuthela eSt. Denis ngaphansi kukaLouis XVIII.
08 ka 09
Imininingwane ye-Tomb (Kusuka kokumangalisa kuya kumnandi)
Amathuna amaningi aseSt. Denis anezici ezijabulisayo ezingase zingabanjwanga ekuboneni kokuqala. Qaphela izibalo ezinhle lapha nalapha, njengalezi zinsuku ezimbili zakudala ezichaza ngokucophelela incwadi. Amanye amathuna abonisa izilwane ezincane (izinja, onogwaja, njll) zilele ezinyaweni zamakhosi nama-queen.
09 ka 09
I-Plate ikhumbula uJoan wase-Arc
UJoan of Arc wayengomunye wezivakashi eziningi eSt-Denis phakathi nekhulu le-15, ebeka izandla zakhe e-altare laseSt. Denis ngemuva kokulimala. Manje usebhekwa njengomunye wabangcwele baseFrance.