Isiqhingi Esikhulu saseHawaii sakhiwe ngokuphelele ngokuqhutshwa komlilo. Kukhona izintaba-mlilo ezinhlanu ezihlukene eziye zahlanganiswa ukuze zenze lesi siqhingi eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi noma ngaphezulu. Kulezi ziqhingi ezinhlanu, omunye ubhekwa njengengapheli futhi ashintshe phakathi kweposi lakhe isihlangu nesigaba sokukhukhula; enye ibhekwa njengehlezi; kanti izintaba-mlilo ezintathu ezisele zihlelwe njengento esebenzayo.
I-Hualalai
I-Hualalai, engxenyeni esentshonalanga yeSigungu Esikhulu saseHawaii, intaba-mlilo yesithathu encane kunazo zonke futhi esebenza kakhulu kule siqhingi.
Iminyaka eyi-1700 yayineminyaka yokusebenza kwemibhoshongo ephawulekayo enezitshalo eziyisithupha ezihlukahlukene eziqhuma i-lava, ezimbili zazo ezikhiqiza ukugeleza kwemifula eyafinyelela olwandle. Isikhumulo sezindiza saseKona sakhiwa ngaphesheya kwalezi zimbulunga ezimbili.
Naphezu kokwakhiwa kwamabhizinisi, izindlu, nemigwaqo emithambekeni kanye nokugeleza kweHualalai, kulindeleke ukuthi lo mlilo uzophinde uphuthuke phakathi neminyaka eyi-100 ezayo.
I-Kilauea
Uma sekukholakala ukuthi iyisiphephelo somakhelwane wayo omkhulu, uMauna Loa, ososayensi sebeqedile ukuthi i-Kilauea empeleni iyintaba-mlilo ehlukile ne-magma-plumbing system yayo, isukela phezulu ukusuka engaphezu kuka-60 km emhlabeni.
I-Kilauea Volcano , engxenyeni eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Big Island, ingenye yezinto ezisebenza kakhulu emhlabeni. Ukuqhuma kwalo okwamanje (okuthiwa yiPu'u'O'o-Kupaianaha ukuqhuma) kwaqala ngoJan 1983 futhi kuyaqhubeka nanamuhla. Phakathi nalokhu kuqhuma kwamahektare angama-500 kuye kwanezelwa olwandle lwaseBig Island.
Phakathi nokuqhuma komfula, ukugeleza kwemifucumfucu kuye kwabhubhisa ithempeli elidumile laseHawaii elineminyaka engu-700 ubudala, (Waha'ula heiau), lidlulela izindlu eziningi ezihlanganisa ukuhlukaniswa kwezindlu ezibizwa ngokuthi iRoy Gard Gardens, zivimbe ngokuphelele imigwaqo eminingana, futhi zabhubhisa i-National Park endala Isikhungo Sokuvakashela.
Azikho izinkomba zokuthi ukuqhuma kwamanje kuzophela nganoma isiphi isikhathi maduzane.
Kohala
I-Kohala Volcano yiyona endala kunazo zonke eziqhamuka esiqhingini esikhulu seHawaii, esivela olwandle eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-500 000 edlule. Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-200 000 eyedlule kukholelwa ukuthi i-landslide enkulu yashiya intaba-mpumalanga yeNyakatho-ntshonalanga edala imifula emangalisayo yasolwandle ephawuleka le ngxenye yesiqhingi. Ukuphakama kwenkulumo kunciphise ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngamamitha angaphezu kuka-1,000.
Emakhulwini eminyaka, uKohala uye waqhubeka nokucwilisa futhi ukuqhuma kwamanzi omakhelwane bawo abakhulu kakhulu, uMauna Kea noMauna Loa bangcwatshe ingxenye engeningizimu ye-volcano. I-Kohala namuhla ibhekwa njenge-volcano engaphelile.
I-Mauna Kea
I-Mauna Kea, ebizwa ngesiHawaiian isho ukuthi "iNtaba eNtshonalanga", iyindawo ende kunazo zonke ezintaba-mlilo zaseHawaii futhi empeleni intaba ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni uma kulinganiswa ukusuka phansi kolwandle kuze kube semhlanganweni wayo. Ithole igama layo, ngokungangabazeki, ngoba iqhwa livame ukubonwa esiqongweni ngisho nasogwini olukude. Ngezinye izikhathi iqhwa lifinyelela ezinyaweni eziningana.
Ingqungquthela yaseMauna Kea ihlala emininingweni eminingi yokuhlola. Kubhekwa njengenye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu ukubuka amazulu ebusweni bomhlaba. Izinkampani eziningana zezokuvakasha zinikeza ukuhamba kusihlwa emhlanganweni weMauna Kea ukubuka ukushona kwelanga bese ubheka izinkanyezi.
Isikhungo se-Onizuka for International Astronomy, esiseduze nale nhlangano, yindawo enhle kakhulu yokufunda kabanzi ngomlando wentaba nomsebenzi owenziwe ngamasitoreji.
I-Mauna Kea ihlukaniswe njenge-volcano evulekile, eseye yaphela cishe eminyakeni engaba ngu-4 500 edlule. Noma kunjalo, i-Mauna Kea kungenzeka iphinde ibuye futhi ngelinye ilanga. Isikhathi esiphakathi kokukhuphuka kweMauna Kea isikhathi eside siqhathaniswa nalawo ashisayo.
I-Mauna Loa
I-Mauna Loa yi-volcano yesibili esesincane kunazo zonke futhi esebenzayo kakhulu esiqhingini esikhulu. Kuyi-volcano enkulu kakhulu ebusweni bomhlaba. Ukwandisa ngasenyakatho-ntshonalanga-ntshonalanga eduze kweWaikoloa , ingxenye yonke eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye siqhingi futhi ngasempumalanga eduze kwaseHilo, iMauna Loa isalokhu i-volcano eyingozi kakhulu engase iqhume ngendlela ehlukahlukene.
Ngokomlando, i-Mauna Loa iye yaqhuma okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni eyishumi yomlando wamaHawaii oqoshiwe.
Nokho, kusukela ngo-1949 yanciphisa ukuhamba kwayo ngo-1950, 1975 no-1984. Ososayensi nabakhamuzi be-Big Island baqapha njalo uMauna Loa bekulindele ukuqhuma kwawo okulandelayo.