I-virus ye-Zika yisifo esiye saziwa ukuthi sikhona emazweni ase-Equatorial eNingizimu Melika nase-Afrika amashumi eminyaka, lapho sekutholwa kuqala ngawo-1950.
Abaningi kubantu abathwelwe yilo mkhuba bangase bangazi ukuthi banesandulela ngculazi, okwenza kube yisifo esinzima nakakhulu ukuxilonga nokubhekana nayo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinyathelo ezithile zokuqapha ongazithatha ukuze usize ukuzivikela ekubanjeni lesi sifo, futhi abanye abantu bayelulekwa ukuba bangahambi esifundeni uma behlushwa izinkinga ezibangelwa igciwane leZika.
Uthola kanjani i-Virus Zika?
I-virus ye-Zika empeleni isifo esisemkhayeni ofanayo nomkhuhlane we-yellow fever kanye ne-dengue fever, futhi njengoba kuzo zombili lezi zifo, umthombo oyinhloko wesifo empeleni kunabantu abanobuyane obuningi eBrazil.
Indlela evame kakhulu yokutheleleka ivela ekulumeni okumiyane, okusho ukuthi ukuthatha izinyathelo zokulonda emantwaneni kungenye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuvikela lesi sifo. Kusukela ngoJanuwari 2016, kuye kwaba nokucabangela ukuthi lesi sifo singase saguquke ukuze sisakazwe ngokobulili, kanti inani elincane lamacala liye labonakala.
Ingabe i-Virus Zika iyayiphatha kabi?
Awukho umgomo ophumelelayo owenzelwe igciwane leZika, yingakho kunokukhathazeka okuphawulekayo ezindaweni eziningi mayelana nokuya eBrazil nakwamanye amazwe angomakhelwane.
Okuyiqiniso ukuthi ukulunywa umiyane kuvamile kakhulu ezindaweni zaseBrazil, ngakho-ke isimo esilula ukusibamba.
Nakuba kungekho bufakazi bokuthi igciwane liye lavela emoyeni, iqiniso lokuthi liye laqala ukukhombisa izimpawu zokudluliselwa kusuka komuntu kuya komuntu lenza kube yingozi enkulu.
FUNDA: Izizathu 16 Zokuya eBrazil ngo-2016
Izimpawu Ze-Virus
Iningi labantu abathola isifo se-Zika abazi ukuthi bayathwala lesi sifo, njengoba izimpawu zibuhlungu kakhulu, iningi libhekene nezinsizwa nokuhlaselwa okungahlala izinsuku ezinhlanu.
Ukukhathazeka kwangempela uma kuziwa emthelela wegciwane yilokho okungenzeka uma owesifazane okhulelwe ethwala lesi sifo noma ethatha igciwane ngenkathi ekhulelwe, njengoba igciwane lingabangela i-microcephaly ezinganeni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ubuchopho nezinsana zezingane azihlali ngendlela evamile, futhi lokhu kungabangela ubunzima bezinzwa, kufaka phakathi izinkinga zomsebenzi, ukukhubazeka kwengqondo nokukhubazeka.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Virus Zika
Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi kukhona umgomo wegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, kepha kusukela ekukhuleni kwesandulela ngculaza ngoJanuwari 2016 ayikho imithi yegciwane.
Labo abaye bahamba ezindaweni eziyingozi bayelulekwa ukuba baqaphe izimpawu ezifana nokuhlukunyezwa, ikhanda kanye nobuhlungu obuhlangene, futhi bahlolwe igciwane futhi bahlale kude nabesifazane abakhulelwe kuze kube khona ukuba khona kwegciwane kungaqinisekiswa noma kugxothwe.
Ukuqapha Ongayithatha Ukugwema Ukubamba I-Virus Zika
Kunezindlela eziningana abantu abangazithatha izinyathelo zokuqapha, kodwa abesifazane abakhulelwe noma labo abazama ukukhulelwa kufanele bacabangele ukuhamba eBrazil nakwamanye amazwe lapho igciwane lengozi. Njengoba lesi sifo singadluliselwa ngokuxhumana kocansi kufanelekile ukuqinisekisa ubulili obuvikelekile ngekhondomu.
Okokugcina, inetha lomlingo ibalulekile ukuze ugweme ukulunywa umiyane. Ngaphambi kokulala abahambi kufanele babheke ukubukeka kwesibili ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izimbobo. Uma uphuma futhi uhamba, gqoka izingubo ezinde ezingenamikhono ukuze unciphise inani lesikhumba esingenalutho ekuboniseni, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ugqoka i-repellent yezinambuzane okufanele ibambelele ekuvimbeleni noma yikuphi ukulunywa kwezinambuzane.