Isikhathi Nendlela Yokugubha Umkhosi Omkhulu Kerala, u-Onam
I-Onam ngumkhosi wendabuko wokuvuna osukwini lweshumi okhombisa ukufika kweNkosi yaseMahabali yenkolelo. Kuyinto umkhosi ocebile emasikweni nasemagugu.
Ngabe i-Onam igujwa nini?
I-Onam igubha ekuqaleni kwenyanga kaCingam, inyanga yokuqala yeKhalenda ye-Malayalam (Kollavarsham). Ngo-2018, usuku olubaluleke kunazo zonke luka-Onam (owaziwa ngokuthi nguThru Onam) luyi-Agasti 25. Amasiko aqale cishe izinsuku eziyishumi ngaphambi kukaThru Onam, ku-Atham (Agasti 15).
Kukhona ngempela izinsuku ezine zika-Onam. U-Onam wokuqala uzoba ngo-Agasti 24, ngosuku olulandelayo ngaphambi kukaThru Onam, kuyilapho okwesine i-Onam izoba ngo-Agasti 27. Imikhosi ye-Onam iyaqhubeka ngalezi zinsuku.
Thola ukuthi nini i-Onam eminyakeni ezayo.
Uphi i-Onam egujwa?
I-Onam igubha esifundeni saseKerala, eningizimu ye-India. Kuyinto umkhosi omkhulu wonyaka lapho. Imikhosi emangalisayo kakhulu eyenziwa eKochi, Trivandrum, eTrissur naseKottayam.
Ithempeli laseVamanamoorthy eThrikkakara (eyaziwa nangokuthi iThempeli likaTrkakara), eliqhele ngamakhilomitha angu-15 enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Ernakulam eduze neKochi, ikakhulukazi ihlotshaniswa ne-Onam Festival. Kukholelwa ukuthi lo mkhosi wawuvela kuleli tempile. Ithempeli lizinikezelwa iNkosi Lord Vamana, ukuzalwa kwesihlanu kweNkosi Vishnu. I-legend itho ukuthi iTrikkakara yayiyindawo yokuhlala yedemoni elihle iNkosi uMahabali, owayeyithandwa futhi enomusa. Ukubusa kwakhe kwakubhekwa njengenkathi yegolide yaseKerala.
Kodwa-ke, onkulunkulu baqala ukukhathazeka ngamandla namandla eNkosi. Ngenxa yalokho, kuthiwa iNkosi Lord Vamana ithumele iNkosi uMahabali enyaweni ngezinyawo zayo, futhi ithempeli lendawo lapho kwenzeka khona lokhu. INkosi yacela ukuthi ibuyele eKerala kanye ngonyaka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu bakhe babesathokozile, bedla kahle futhi banelungelo lokuqukethwe.
INkosi Vamana yanikeza lesi sifiso, futhi iNkosi uMahabali ivakashela abantu bayo kanye nezwe lakhe ngesikhathi se-Onam.
Uhulumeni wesifunda ugubha iSonto Lokuvakasha eKerala phakathi no-Onam. Amasiko amaningi aseKerala aboniswa phakathi nemikhosi.
I-Onam igujwa kanjani?
Abantu bahlobisa umhlabathi phambi kwezindlu zabo ngezimbali ezihlelwe ngamaphethini amahle (pookalam) ukwamukela iNkosi. Lo mkhosi ugujwa futhi ngezingubo ezintsha, imikhosi esetshenziselwa amaqabunga ebhanana, ukudansa, ezemidlalo, imidlalo kanye nezinhlanga zemikhumbi yezinyoka .
Joyina emikhosini kulezi zindawo ezingu-6 ze-Kerala Onam Festival .
Yimiphi imigomo eyenziwa?
E-Atham, abantu baqala usuku ngokugeza okuncane, benza imithandazo futhi baqale ukudala imihlobiso yabo emihle phambi kwezindlu zabo. Ukuhlobisa izimbali (ama- pookalam ) aqhubeka phakathi nosuku olu -10 oluholela ku-Onam, futhi imincintiswano ye- pookalam ihlelwa izinhlangano ezihlukahlukene.
Ethempelini laseTrikkakara, imikhosi iqala e-Atham ngenomkhosi okhethekile wokugubha ifulege futhi uqhubeke izinsuku ezingu-10 ngamasiko, umculo, kanye nemidlalo yokudansa. Okuqakathekile yi-procession enkulu, pakalpooram , ngosuku olulandelayo ngaphambi kukaThiru Onam. Unkulunkulu oyinhloko, uVamana, uqhutshwa nxazonke zethempeli ngendlovu, elandelwa iqembu lezindlovu eziqothukile.
Usuku ngalunye luka-Onam lunomsebenzi walo, futhi iziphathimandla zethempelini zenza imikhuba ehlukahlukene ehilela onkulunkulu abakhulu nabanye onkulunkulu ababehlala ethempelini. Isithombe seNkosi Vamana sihlotshiswe ngesimo se-avatars engu-10 yeNkosi Lord Vishnu ngosuku ngalunye lwezinsuku ezingu-10 zomkhosi.
Umkhosi we-Athachamayam e-Tripunithura (eduze kwase-Ernakulam kuKochi enkulu) uphinde uhlasele imikhosi ye-Onam e-Atham. Ngokusobala, uMaharaja waseKochi wayevame ukuhamba esuka e-Tripunithura eya eThempeli likaTrikkakara. Lo mkhosi wamanje wanamuhla ulandela ezinyathelweni zakhe. Ihlanganisa umdwebo wesitaladi ngezindlovu ezihlotshisiwe nokuzula, abaculi, kanye namafomu ahlukahlukene wezithombe zobuKerala.
Ukupheka okuningi kwenzeka ngesikhathi ku-Onam, okuqakathekile kube yikhokho elikhulu elibizwa nge- Onasadya . Iyakhonza ngosuku oluyinhloko lwe-Onam (Thiru Onam).
I-cuisine ihle kakhulu futhi ihlukahlukene. Zizame wena kwenye yehhotela ekhwalithi e-Trivandrum, enezici zesikhashana. Ngaphandle kwalokho, u-Onasadya ukhonjwe nsuku zonke ethempelini laseTrikkakara. Amashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu baya kulo mkhosi ngosuku oluyinhloko lwe-Onam.