Ibhuloho laseBrooklyn liye lahlaziya abalaleli be-NYC Kusukela ngo-1883
Ibhuloho eliyigugu kakhulu le-NYC, futhi enye yezinkanyezi ezikhangayo, iBrooklyn Bridge iye yaba izithakazelo ezithambile kusukela ngo-1883-ecatshangwa ukuthi yiyona bhuloho enhle kunazo zonke e- New York City , ehlala njalo ibalwa phakathi kwezwe elihle kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Ukuxhuma iDowntown Manhattan namadolobhana aseDokntown / DUMBO eBrooklyn , ewela i-East River kule stunner yebhuloho kuyindlela yokudlulisela kunoma ubani obeka unyawo eNew York City.
Ukukhohlisa kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokubonga ubuhle bridge bridge, ne-granite neo-Gothic imibhoshongo enezintambo ezimbili ezihlanganisiwe; ubuciko, izintambo ezinjengewebhu; nokubukwa okuthakazelisayo. Nakhu konke okudingeka ukwazi ngeBrooklyn Bridge:
I-Brooklyn Bridge Umlando
Lapho ivuliwe ngoMeyi 24, 1883, i-neo-Gothic eBrooklyn Bridge yaqala ngokuthi ibhuloho lokumisa i-steel first wire-wire, elinesilinganiso esiphakathi kwamamitha amabili aphakathi kwamabili imibhoshongo yokusekela elinganiselwe emhlabeni wonke. I-feat enkulu ye-engineering yekhulu le-19, ibhuloho yiyokuqala ukuxhuma iManhattan eBrooklyn, ngaleso sikhathi, imizi emibili ehlukene (iBrooklyn ayizange iyingxenye enkulu eNew York City kuze kube ngu-1898).
Ukwakhiwa kweminyaka engu-14 kwebhuloho kwakungekho ngaphandle komhlatshelo, nabasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-12 bridge bashaya izimpilo zabo ngezingozi ezehlukene. Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwebhuloho kwaqala, unjiniyela waseJalimane uJohn A.
I-Roebling, owakhiqiza ibhuloho, enqotshwe ukutheleleka kwe-tetanus ephuma engozini yesikebhe ngenkathi ehlola isayithi (unyawo lwakhe lwachotshozwa ngesikebhe esiyisikebhe esasibophezele ngokubamba). Indodana yakhe, uWashington Roebling oneminyaka engu-32 ubudala, ithatha njengenjiniyela omkhulu wephrojekthi. Eminyakeni emithathu nje kuphela kulo msebenzi, iWashington Roebling uqobo lwahlupheka ngenxa yokugula okukodwa (aka "ukugoba"), ngenkathi esiza ekuthunjweni komfula ngesisekelo semibhoshongo yebhuloho.
U-Bedridden ekuhluphekeni kwakhe, futhi ekhubazekile ngokwengxenye yokuphila, umkakhe, u-Emily, wenzelwa yena futhi wabhekana ngokungavamile eminyakeni engu-11 yokugcina yokwakhiwa kwebhuloho (ngenkathi umyeni wakhe ebukele iphrojekthi evuliwe nge-telescope, kusuka efasiteleni lakhe lezakhiwo eBrooklyn Heights) .
Ngesikhathi leli bhuloho livulelwa umphakathi ngo-1883, emcimbini wokuzinikela owengamele uMongameli uChester A. Arthur noNew York Governor Grover Cleveland, u-Emily Warren Roebling wanikezwa ukuhamba kuqala ngaphesheya kwebhuloho. Noma yimuphi umuntu ohamba ngezinyawo ophethe i-penny ye-toll wamukelwa ukuba alandele (abantu abangaba ngu-250 000 bahamba ngaphesheya kwebhuloho emahoreni angu-24 okuqala); amahhashi nabagibeli babekhokhiswa amasenti angu-5, futhi kwakuyizinkulungwane ezingu-10 zamahhashi nezinqola. (I-toll yokuhamba ngezinyawo yachithwa ngo-1891, kanye nomgwaqo wokuhamba emgwaqweni ngo-1911-ukuwela kwebhuloho kuye kwasala mahhala kusukela ngaleso sikhathi.)
Ngeshwa, enye inhlekelele yavela ezinsukwini eziyisithupha kuphela ngemuva kokuvulwa kweBrooklyn eBrooklyn, lapho abantu abangu-12 beqothulwa khona bebulawa phakathi nokuphazamiseka, okubangelwa ukuhlekwa kwamanga (ibanga) lokuthi leli bhuloho laliwela emfuleni. Ngonyaka olandelayo, u-PT Barnum, udumo lwekhampasi, wahola izindlovu ezingu-21 ngaphesheya kwebhuloho ngomzamo wokuqeda ukwesaba komphakathi mayelana nokuzinza kwayo.
IBrooklyn Bridge ngeNumeri
Ukwakhiwa kweBridge eBrooklyn kuthatha iminyaka engu-14 futhi abasebenzi abangu-600 baqedile. Le phrojekthi iphelile ngemali engaba ngu-R15 million. Isikhathi esiphezulu sebhuloho phezu komfula i-East River singamamitha angu-1,596; ubude bayo bonke, kufaka phakathi izindlela, ngamamitha angu-6016 (ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-1.1). Ilinganisa ububanzi bamamitha angu-85; ukuphakama kwemibhoshongo yalo kufinyelela ngamamitha angu-276; futhi imvume ngaphansi kwebhuloho ingamamitha angu-135. Izintambo zalo ezine ezinkulu zokumisa zinezinsimbi ezingu-5,434 zensimbi.
Indlela yokuwela iBridge eBrooklyn evela eManhattan
Ukuhamba ngesibhuloho kuyisisindo esibalulekile sokuhamba kunoma ubani obeka izinyawo eNew York City. Funda phezulu konke okudingayo ukwazi ngokuwela iBrooklyn Bridge kusuka eManhattan.
Amathiphu Wokuhamba NgaseseBrooklyn Bridge
Yenza okuhamba phambili kokuhamba kwakho ngaphesheya kwendlela yesithonjana esinezithonjana ngalezi zeluleko ezingu-9 ezihlakaniphile .