Ukugxila kuhlanganiswe isiko laseMelika kodwa imvelaphi yayo ivulekile.
Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuqaqa sekuqalile ngasekupheleni kweminyaka eyiNkathi Ephakathi lapho inkosi inika inceku yakhe izinhlamvu zemali ezimbalwa njengokubonisa intando enhle. Ngekhulu le-16, izivakashi eziseNgilandi zazilindeleke ukuba zinikeze "indwangu" noma imali encane ekupheleni kokuvakashelwa ukukhokhela izinceku zomnikazi ezazisebenza ngaphezu nangaphezulu kwemisebenzi yazo ejwayelekile.
U-Kerry Segrave, umbhali we-"Theft: An American History of Social Gratuities," wachaza ukuthi ngo-1760, abahamba ngezinyawo, izicathulo, nezinceku zenkosikazi zonke izindwangu ezilindelekile, okuholela izindleko ezinkulu kubavakashi. I-gentry ne-aristocracy yaqala ukukhononda. Umzamo wokuqeda izindwangu eLondon ngo-1764 kwaholela ekuqhumeni.
Ukuhamba ngokushesha kusakaze kuzikhungo zentengiselwano zaseBrithani, ezifana namahhotela, amashici, kanye nezindawo zokudlela. Ngo-1800, isazi sefilosofi nomshushisi waseScotland uTomot Carlyle wakhononda ngokufaka umlindi e-Bell Inn eGloucester, "Ukuhlambalaza komuntu othungayo okwakungamangalisa ngesabelo sakhe, engangibonisa ukuthi sikhululekile. umnsalo owawuseduze ukuvuza ngokukhahlela. Uqalekisiwe umncintiswano wama-flunkeys! "
Akucaci lapho igama elithi "tip" lingena olimini lwesiNgisi kodwa abanye bacabanga ngokuthi umsuka wezwi uvela kuSamuel Johnson. UJohnson wayevame ukufaka i-coffeeshop eyayinebhale ebizwa ngokuthi "Ukuqinisekisa Ukuqiniseka," futhi uJohnson nezinye izivakashi babezofaka imali esitsheni kulo lonke kusihlwa ukuze bathole usizo olungcono.
Lokhu maduze kufinyelelwe "ku-TIP" bese umane usho.
Ngaphambi kuka-1840, abaseMelika abazange baphakamise. Kodwa, ngemva kweMpi Yombango, abantu baseMelika abasanda kucebile bavakashela iYurophu futhi baletha lo mkhuba ekhaya ukuze babonise ukuthi babephesheya futhi bazi imithetho ye-genteel. Umhleli we-New York Times wagxeka ukuthi, uma ukugwedla kubambelele e-United States, kusakazeka ngokushesha "njengezinambuzane ezimbi nokhula."
Ngama-1900, abantu baseMelika babecabanga ukuthi beba yinto evamile futhi, eqinisweni, babevame ukugxeka ngenxa yokudlula. Abantu baseNgilandi bakhononda ngokuthi "abaseMelika abakhululekile kodwa abakhohlisayo" banamathele kakhulu, izinceku eziholayo zizizwa zingashintshaniswa yiBrithani. Ngokufanayo, umagazini we-1908 Travel wathola ukuthi abaseMelika baxoshwa kodwa bathola insizakalo empofu ngoba baseMelika babengakwazi ukuphatha izinceku namalungu enkonzo.
Njengoba ukuqhuma kwanda kakhulu eMelika, abaningi bakuthola ukuthi kungavumelani nentando yeningi kanye nemibono yaseMelika yokulingana. Ngo-1891, intatheli u-Arthur Gaye wabhala ukuthi kufanele kunikezwe isipho kumuntu "ocatshangwa ukuthi ungaphansi komnikezeli, hhayi kuphela emcebeni wezwe, kodwa nasesikhundleni somphakathi." "Ukugxila, kanye nomqondo ohloniphekile owawuyisibonelo, yilokho esasishiya eYurophu ukuba sibaleke," uWilliam Scott wabhala encwadini yakhe ethi "The Itching Palm" ngo-1916, lapho athi "ubugqila."
Ngo-1904, i-Anti-Tipping Society of America yenyuka eGeorgia, futhi amalungu ayo ayi-100 000 asayina izibopho zokuthi angathinti muntu ngonyaka. Ngo-1909, iWashington yaba ngowokuqala kweyisithupha ukuthi idlulise umthetho olwa nomthetho. Kodwa, imithetho emisha yayingavamile ukuphoqelelwa, futhi ngo-1926, yonke imithetho ephikisayo yayisuswe.
Ukuphindaphinda kwashintsha eminyakeni yama-1960, ngenkathi iCongress yavuma ukuthi abasebenzi bangathola umholo omncane ophansi uma ingxenye yeholo yabo ivela kumathiphu. Umholo omncane wabasebenzi ababoshiwe ngu-$ 2.13, ongashintshi eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-20, uma nje labo abasebenzi bethola okungenani u-$ 7.25 ngamathiphu ngehora. U-Saru Jayaraman, umbhali we-Behind the Kitchen Door, uchaza ukuthi umholo omncane we $ 2.13 usho ukuthi umholo wabo ogcwele uzohamba ngezintela nezinkampani ezibophezele abasebenzi ukuze baphile amathiphu abo.
Abanye baye baqaphela ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi abalindi baphila ngezeluleko zabo, ukuhamba e-United States kunesibopho kunokuba bazinikezele ngokuzithandela, bavame ukuhlobanisa nekhwalithi yenkonzo, futhi kungase kusekelwe ekucwasweni ngokobulili nokucwaswa ngokobulili. Ucwaningo olunzulu lukaProfessor uMichael Lynn oluthi lubekwe phansi, lubonisa ukuthi lo mlando nokuhlangana nokunikezela imali kubangelwa ukuthi kungani siqhubeka nokuphoqa namhlanje.
U-Lynn ubeka ukuthi "u-tip ngoba sizizwa sinecala ngokuba nabantu besilindele." Lokhu kubikwa ukuthi u-Benjamin Franklin waseParis wabizwa ngokuthi, "Ukudlulela ngokweqile ukubonakala imbongolo: ukuzithoba kungukuthi kubonakale imbongolo enkulu nakakhulu."
Ukuze silwisane nezinkinga eziningi ngokupheka, izindawo ezimbalwa zokudlela zaseMelika, njengeSushi Yasuda neRiki Restaurant, ziye zenza izindaba zokuvimbela ukudubula ezindaweni zabo zokudlela futhi, esikhundleni salokho, zikhokha abasebenzi babo abalinde imali ephezulu. Ngo-2015, amaqembu amaningana okudlela nawo abuyele amathiphu avinjelwe.