Ukumbiwa kwemayini yamalahle kuqale ePennsylvania phakathi nonyaka ka-1700, kukhishwe imboni yensimbi yamaColoni. I-Bituminous (soft) amalahle yaqala ukuchithwa ePennsylvania cishe ngo-1760 e-"Coal Hill" (iNtaba ekhona manje eWashington), ngaphesheya koMfula i-Monongahela edolobheni lasePittsburgh. Amalahle atholakala emagqumeni ahamba eceleni kwegquma futhi athuthwa ngesikebhe waya esiteshini samasosha esiseduze e- Fort Pitt . Ngo-1830, idolobha lasePittsburgh (elalibizwa ngokuthi "Umuzi Obhemayo" ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwalo kwamalahle amakhulu), kwadlula amathani angaphezu kuka-400 amalahle amancane ngosuku.
Umlando Wezimayini Zamalahle
I-Pittsburgh Coal Seam, ikakhulukazi amalahle aphezulu avela esifundeni seConnellsville, yayinelahle elikhulu kunazo zonke esizweni ukuze lenze i-coke, i-fuel oyinhloko yesikhuni sensimbi. Ukusetshenziswa kokuqala kwe-coke esithandweni sensimbi kwenzeka kuFayette County, ePennsylvania, ngo-1817. Phakathi nonyaka ka-1830 ukwamukelwa kwamaveni e-beehive coke, okwakuthiwa yi-dome shape, okwakusetshenziselwa ukuguqula amalahle asePittsburgh.
Phakathi nesigamu sokugcina sekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, isidingo sensimbi sakhula ngokuphawulekayo, esakhiwe ukukhula okuqhuma komkhakha wesitimela. Inani lezinyosi ze-beehive emgodini wasePittsburgh phakathi kuka-1870 no-1905 zanyuka ukusuka ema-ovens angaba ngu-200 kuya cishe ku-31,000 ekuphenduleni izidingo ezikhulayo zembonini yensimbi nensimbi; ukusetshenziswa kwabo kwavela ngo-1910 cishe abangaba ngu-48 000. Ukukhiqizwa kwemayini yamalahle eduze nomgogodla welahle wasePittsburgh wenyuka kusuka kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-4,3 zamalahle ngo-1880 kuya phezulu kwamathani ayizigidi ezingu-40 ngo-1916.
Amathani angaphezu kwezigidi eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyishumi zamakhadi amancane ahlongozwe emadolobheni angu-21 asePennsylvania (ikakhulukazi izifunda ezisentshonalanga) phakathi neminyaka engu-200 + edlule yokumbiwa kwemayini. Lokhu cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezine yazo zonke amalahle eziye zabiwa eMelika. Amadolobha asePennsylvania anemigodi yamakha yamalahle, ayingxenye yokukhiqiza, afaka uGreene, Somerset, Armstrong, Indiana, Clearfield, Washington, Cambria, Jefferson, Westmoreland, Clarion, Elk, Fayette, Lycoming, Butler, Lawrence, Centre, Beaver, Blair, Allegheny , Venango, noMercer.
I-Pennsylvania manje ingenye yezizwe ezinkulu zokukhiqiza amalahle e-United States.
Izingozi Zokumbiwa Kwamakha Amalahle eNtshonalanga Pennsylvania
Esinye sezinhlekelele zemayini e-United States senzeke eMayini yaseDarr eWestmoreland County ngoDisemba 19, 1907, lapho kuqhuma ukuqhuma kwamagesi negesi kwabulala abavukuzi abangama-239. Ezinye izinhlekelele ezinkulu zemayini yaseWestern Pennsylvania zihlanganisa ukuqhuma kweMayini yaseHarwick ngo-1904 okwabulala izimvukuzi ezingu-179 kanye nabasindisi ababili kanye noMarianna Mine Disaster ka-1908 owabulala abavukuzi abangu-129 bamakha amalahle. Ulwazi ngalokhu kanye nezinye izinhlekelele zemayini yamalahle asePennsylvania zingatholakala emarejistini engozi yemayini yamaphoyisa asePennsylvania, e-Pennsylvania State Archives, ebhala izingozi zamaminithi iminyaka 1899-1972. Inkumbulo yakamuva, iMayini yaseQuecreek eSomerset County, Pennsylvania, yabamba abantu emhlabeni jikelele njengabavukuzi abayisishiyagalolunye beboshwe ngaphansi kwezinsuku ezintathu ekugcineni bahlengwa bephila.
I-Western Pennsylvania Coal Mine Tours
Imayini Engabonakaliyo : Imayini yamalahle yamanje esebenza emlandweni manje isebenza nje njengemayini yezokuvakasha, ngezindwendwe zangaphansi komhlaba eziqhutshwa ngabanikazi abaye basebenza emayini. Imayini Ebonakala Ngamanje e-Cambria County, Pennsylvania, iyingxenye yendlela yokuthuthukiswa komzila wefa lomhlaba.
Imayini yamaHlathi e-Tour-Ed nama-Museum: Thatha uhambo lwezemfundo kulo mgodi we-Tarentum lapho abavukuzi abanolwazi abanemibono bebonisa ukuphikisana okuphilayo kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yezimayini ukunikeza izivakashi umuzwa wokuthi kwakunjani futhi kufana nokusebenza emayini yamalahle.
I-Windber Coal Heritage Centre: Hlola umphakathi wamaModeli weModeli bese uthola ukuthi "i-Black Gold" yasePennsylvania inethonya kanjani izimpilo zabahlali. I-Windber Coal Heritage Centre yiyona yodwa iminyuziyamu esebenzisanayo empumalanga ye-US eyazinikela ekutsheleni indaba yempilo yansuku zonke yabanikazi kanye nemindeni yabo.