Mayelana nePablo Neruda:
Umlobi waseChilean, umbhali, idiplomate, isishoshovu sezombangazwe kanye nokuthunjwa, umqobi weNobel Prize for Literature, "umbongi wabantu," uSenator, kanye nomunye wezinkondlo ezinkulu kakhulu zaseNingizimu Melika.
Izinsuku Zokuqala:
U-Born Neftalí u-Ricardo Reyes Basoalto eningizimu yeChile, ngo-July 12, 1904, emndenini ongazange avumelane nezintambo zakhe zokubhala, insizwa yathengisa yonke impahla yakhe, yathatha igama lepeni likaPablo Neruda, yanyathelisa incwadi yakhe yokuqala, uCrepusculario ( "Twilight") ngo-1923.
Ukulandela impumelelo yale ncwadi yokuqala, ngonyaka olandelayo waba nommemezeli futhi nge- Veinte poemas de amor y una cancion desesperada ("Izinkondlo Zombili Zothando Nengoma Yokuphelelwa Yithemba"), umsebenzi wakhe wokufunda izincwadi wawuqhubeka.
Ukuphila kwezombangazwe:
Ngo-1927, ehlonishwa ngeminikelo yakhe njengombongi, uNeruda wabizwa ngokuthi i-consul ehloniphekile eBurma. Ukusuka eRangoon, waqhubeka ekhonza eCeylon, eJava, e-Argentina naseSpain. Ubuhlobo bakhe nomlobi waseSpain uFederico García Lorca waqala eBuenos Aires futhi waqhubeka eMadrid, lapho uNeruda eyakha khona ukubuyekezwa kombhalo obizwa ngeCalallo verde para la poesîa nomlobi waseSpain uManuel Altolaguirre ngo-1935.
Ukuqubuka kweMpi Yombango yaseSpain ngo-1936 kwashintsha impilo kaNeruda. Uzwela nomloli wezobugebengu ngokumelene noGeneral Franco, futhi wabika izenzakalo, kuhlanganise nokubulawa kabuhlungu kukaGarcía Lorca e- Espana en el corazon . Enye yezinkondlo eziyisibonelo salesi sikhathi ngizobe ngizichaze ezinye izinto .
Wabuyela eMadrid ngo-1937, washiya inkonzo yabase-Consular futhi wabuyela eYurophu ukusiza ababaleki baseSpain.
Ebuyela eChile, wabizwa ngokuthi u-Consul eMexico ngo-1939, futhi lapho ebuya, eminyakeni emine kamuva, wajoyina iqembu lamaKhomanisi futhi wakhethwa eSenate. Kamuva, lapho uhulumeni waseChile ubizwa ngokuthi iqembu lamaKhomanisi elingekho emthethweni, uNeruda waxoshwa eSenate.
Washiya izwe futhi wafihla. Kamuva wahamba kakhulu eYurophu naseMelika.
Ngesikhathi uhulumeni waseChile ephikisa isikhundla sayo kubalobi bezombusazwe be-leftist, uNeruda wabuyela eChile ngo-1952, futhi eminyakeni engu-21 eyalandela, impilo yakhe yayihlanganisa ukukhathazeka kwakhe kwezombusazwe kanye nezinkondlo.
Phakathi nale minyaka, waqashelwa ngezikhathi eziningi, kuhlanganise nodokotela ohloniphekile, imindeni ye-congressional, i-International Peace Prize ngo-1950, i-Lenin Peace Prize neState Peace Peace ngo-1953, kanye neNobel Prize for Literature ngo-1971.
Ngenkathi ekhonza njengenxusa eFrance, uNeruda watholakala enomdlavuza. Washiya futhi waphindela eChile, lapho afela khona ngoSeptemba 23, 1973. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, wabhala imicabango yakhe mayelana nokukhishwa kukaSepthemba 11 nokufa kukaSalvador Allende eGolpe de Estado.
Ukuphila komuntu siqu:
Njengomfana osemusha esikoleni eTemuco, uNeruda wahlangana noGabriela Mistral, kakade imbongi eyaziwayo. Phakathi kwezinto eziningi, izindaba zothando zomhlaba wonke, wahlangana futhi washada noMaría Antonieta Haagenaar Vogelzanzin Java, owahlukana naye kamuva. Washada noDelia del Carril futhi lo mshado nawo waphela ngesehlukaniso. Kamuva wahlangana wabe eseshada noMatilde Urrutia, owabiza ngokuthi indlu yabo eSantiago La Chascona .
Lokho kanye nendlu yakhe e-Isla Negra manje sekuyiminyuziyamu, eqondiswa yi-Fundación Pablo Neruda.
Imisebenzi Yokubhala:
Kusukela enkulumeni yakhe yokuqala yobuntwana kuze kube sekugcineni, uNeruda wabhala izinhlamvu ezingaphezu kwengu-40 zezinkondlo, izinguqulo, kanye nevesi levesi. Omunye womsebenzi wakhe washicilelwa ngemuva, kanti ezinye izinkondlo zakhe zisetshenziselwa ifilimu i-Il Postino (The Postman), mayelana nomthumeli owethulwe ekuphileni, uthando kanye nezinkondlo zikaNeruda.
Izinkondlo zakhe ze- Veinte kanye ne-cancion desesperada kuphela zithengise amakhophi angaphezu kwezigidi.
I- Canto General yakhe, ebhaliwe ekuthunjweni futhi yanyatheliswa ngo-1950, iqukethe izinkondlo ezingu-340 mayelana nomlando waseLatin America kusukela kumbono we-Marxist. Lezi izinkondlo zibonisa ulwazi olujulile ngomlando, kuhlanganise nomsebenzi wakhe wangaphambili, inkondlo edumile i- Alturas de Macchu Picchu , i-geography nezombangazwe zezwekazi.
Isihloko esiyinhloko ngumzabalazo wobulungiswa bezenhlalakahle, okwenza abe yiziNkondlo zabantu . Lo mdwebo uqukethe imifanekiso yabadwebi baseMexico u-Diego Rivera uDavid Alfaro Siqueiros.
Olunye lomsebenzi wakhe:
- Izinkondlo zikaPablo Neruda
- I-Odes Elementary
- Uthando
- Izinkondlo zikaPablo Neruda
- Pablo Neruda
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufunda izinkondlo zikaNeruda ngesiSpanishi noma ekuhumusheni, amandla, isifiso nomphefumulo womuntu ukhanya. Lover, isishoshovu sezombangazwe, izwi lomuntu ovamile - konke lokhu nokunye okuvela ePablo Neruda.
Ngesikhathi ngibhala, ngisekude;
futhi uma ngibuya, sengivele ngishiye.
Ngifisa ukubona ukuthi kwenzeka into efanayo yini
kwabanye abantu njengoba kwenza kimi,
ukubona uma abantu abaningi banjengami,
futhi uma bebonakala ngendlela efanayo kubo.
Uma le nkinga ihloliwe ngokuphelele,
Ngiya esikoleni ngokwami kahle kakhulu ezintweni
ukuthi lapho ngizama ukuchaza izinkinga zami,
Ngeke ngikhulume ngedwa, kodwa ngiphakamise indawo.
Singabantu abaningiUngase ube nesithakazelo ekuhloleni isayithi elingelona inzuzo leRed Poppy, elizinikezele ekuqhubekeleni phambili ukuzibophezela kukaPablo Neruda ekusizeni kwabantu nokusabalalisa izinkondlo zakhe emhlabeni jikelele.