Noma ubani Ongakhanjwa I-Guvrin-Maresha National Park, enezinkulungwane zamapulangwe
Ngomusa ngibheka ubumba oludaka ngesikhethi sami kanye nesikhukhula ngenkathi ngidla usuku olulodwa, ngithola umlando wasendulo ku-Bet Guvrin-Maresha National Park yakwa-Israyeli. Ukuhlala phansi emhumeni ngoba kungekho ndawo yokuma, ngifuna izikhalazo mayelana nabahlali abahlala lapha ngesikhathi sokubhujiswa kwethempeli lesibili kanye nenkathi yamaMaccabees. Ngiyakwazi ukuzwa umlando ozungezile.
Ngicabanga ukuthi impilo kumele ibe njani eminyakeni engaba ngu-2 000 eyedlule njengoba ngiguba izingcezu eziphukile zobumba, mhlawumbe ingxenye yesitsha umuntu asetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokudla kwansuku zonke. Umhume engikumbayo ungenye yezinkulungwane ezikuzo futhi ezizungeze leli paki likazwelonke e-Israel, elihlanganisa izindlu zamadolobha aseMalaresha naseBeit-Guvrin. Uhlelo lwe-Dig for a Day engibhekene nakho lubekwa yiziNhlangano Zama-Archaeological, eziye zavulela phakathi kwe-labyrinth yamaphanga aseTel Maresha amashumi eminyaka.
Ukuhamba Ngaphansi Kokuqothulwa Kwama-Archaeological
I-adventure iqala ngengxoxo ejabulisayo ngomlando weTel Marisha. Njengomhambi we-solo, ngijoyine umndeni waseMelika owandisiwe ovakashela u-Israyeli uJames Jacob mitzvah. Ithoni yengxoxo ihloselwe izingane ezisencane nezincane kuleli qembu. Ukubuka kwabo kusabela ekuchazeni kwencwadi, futhi ukubona ukuthi bayakujabulela ukumba kanjani ukungcola, kwandisa ulwazi lwami.
Isingeniso sethu somuntu esiya emgodini we-cave labyrinth engaphansi komhlaba sifika uma singena eMhlabeni ngendlela elula. Silandela umhlahlandlela wethu ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwemiphandlana encane ekhanyiswe ama-light ahlanganiswe nezintambo ezinamathele ezindongeni, kuze kube yilapho sifika ukuvula okuncane. Ukuqhaqhazela, singena kuLinus 89. (Amapula anezinombolo ezisemthethweni, kodwa lezi ziqondiso ziye zaziqamba ngeziqu ezilula ukukhumbula.) Ngakho-ke kuncane okuye kwahlanzwa kulo mhume esingasakwazi ukuwa, kuphela ukuhamba ngamadolo ethu.
Izindawo zokuhlala eMaresha naseBet Guvrin zakhiwe ngamatshe omlilo okuthiwa "i-kirton," impahla ehlanganiswa ngendwangu ngaphansi kwesigqoko esibukhali se-limestone esinzima okuthiwa "nari." Emakhulwini eminyaka adlule abantu basekhaya bakha imigwaqo yokwakha ama-limestone ukudala izindawo zokuhlala, beshiya izindawo ezingenalutho - imihume eyenziwe ngamuntu - emhlabeni okuzosetshenziselwa izindawo zokugcina izinto, izimbiza zamanzi, ukufakwa kwezimboni, amaphena okungcwaba ngisho nokugcina izinkomo nezilo zomthwalo. Manje sesinye kwenye yale mihume.
Umqondisi wethu uchaza ukuthi lapho abantu bengafuni ukukhokhela intela ngokweqile batshelwe ukuthi izindlu zabo zizobhujiswa. Izakhamuzi zakhetha ukudiliza izindlu ngokwazo, futhi izingcezu zawela emaphandleni angaphansi. Siqala ukumba ngamathambo ethu, sibeke eceleni noma yiziphi izinhlanzi zobumba esizitholayo bese sibeka ukungcola ebhakedeni. Kuthule kancane, kuze kube yintombazanyana encane injabulo njengoba ugogo wakhe edonsa isikhala esikhulu. Uma sekuyisikhathi sokuyeka ukumba, sibuyela emuva emaphandleni kuze kube semini. Khona-ke sihlanza ukungcola emabhakede esakhuphuka emhumeni, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi sizoqoqa zonke izinhlanzi.
Okulandelayo, sinikezwa ithuba lokukhamba (ngezikhathi ezithile ngezinye izikhathi) ngeLinus 84, okukhanyiswa kancane ngamakhandlela anamathele emadwaleni.
Ukuthungwa akuzange kuqalile kule mhume. Akusibo abantu abanezinduku ezidakayo noma abano-claustrophobic. Labo abangena ngaphakathi baphuma ngisho nabezidumbu kodwa behleka kakhulu ebusweni bethu. Ngesinye isikhathi, kwadingeka siwele emgodini omncane emhumeni ukuze sifinyelele ezingeni eliphansi.
Ukumiswa kokugcina kuyinqaba lapho umqondisi wethu echaza khona ukuthi ukutholwa okubalulekile kuhlanzwa kanjani, kusitshengisa ezinye izibonelo. Inkumbulo yami yokugcina yalesi sibonelo ibheka abasha bathatha imiphongolo yezilwane ezincane zobumba ukuze bakhethe abambalwa abavunyelwe ukuthatha ekhaya njengesikhathi esithile sokubamba umlando wasendulo eTel Maresha.
Umlando wePet Guvrin-Maresha National Park
UMaresha, okukhulunywe ngaye eBhayibhelini izikhathi ezine, wawungumuzi ophakeme kunawo wonke e-Judean Lowlands. Lalibizwa ngebhayibheli njengenye yemadolobha aseJudiya iNkosi uRehobowamu yayisiqinisa ngokumelene nokuqhutshwa kweBhabhiloni.
Ama-Edomi ahlala lapha ngemuva kokubhujiswa kwethempeli lokuqala. Yaba idolobha lamaGreki esikhathini sekhulu lesine BCE. Imithombo yemlando kanye nemfuyo ibonisa ukuthi ngo 113/112 BCE, uJohn Hyrcanus, uHasmonean, wanqoba uMaresha futhi waguqula izakhamuzi zawo ebuJudeni. Ngenkathi izingxenye zomuzi zichithekile, le ndawo yahlulwa kuze kube yilapho, ngokusho kukaJosephus Flavius, uMaresha ekugcineni wadilizwa yi-Parthian Army ngo-40 BCE Ngemva kokuba uMaresha eshiyiwe, iBet-Guvrin yakhiwa futhi yaba yindawo yokuhlala ebaluleke kunazo zonke. Kwaphumelela amakhulu eminyaka futhi ngezikhathi ezihlukahlukene kwakuyisikhungo esibalulekile sobuJuda nobuKristu. Phakathi nenkathi yamaKhrisader kwabuye kwavelela nakamaSulumane. Ezikhathini zanamuhla, umuzi wase-Arabhu wawukhona kusayithi kuze kufike iMpi Ye-Independence yakwa-Israyeli.
Ukuvakashela i-Bet Guvrin-Maresha National Park
Akudingeki ukuba uhambe ucande ukuze uhlole amanye emaphandleni eBet Gurin-Maresha National Park. Emaphandleni amaningana kanye nemizi yokuhlala isuliwe futhi manje ivulekile emphakathini. (Amapula engangiwavakashela ngesikhathi sokumba akuzange asuswe futhi afinyeleleke kuphela kubahlanganyeli abasebenza ngama-Archaeological Seminars.)
Ezinye zezindawo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu epaki ukuvakashela nokuhlola yizo:
- Izindlu zokuhlala kanye nesistimu engaphansi komhlaba. Ungahamba ngaphansi komhlaba futhi uhambe ngokusebenzisa uhlelo olubanzi lwemhumbo oluye lwafundwa. Kukhona isitshalo samafutha omnqumo wasendulo ngaphansi kwesinye sezindlu.
- Amapulangwe aseSidoni. Imindeni eyimfuyo kumele yenze lezi zindawo zokungcwaba zamagayidi, ezinezithombe ezimibalabala ezindongeni.
- I-Bell Caves. Ufakwe njengoba nje igama elithi "bell" liphakamisa, le mihume yayingama-quarries. Izisebenzi zaqala ngomgodi omncane emhlabathini futhi zandisa izimboni ngesimo sensimbi njengoba zimba ukukhipha i-limestone.
Ukuhamba nge-Dig Archaeological Dig ku-Bet Guvrin-Maresha National Park yakwa-Israyeli
Ngesikhathi udingeka ukuba uchithe amasonto noma isikhathi eside kuma-digs amaningi, ama-Seminars ase-Archeological aqhubezela lokhu kuGcina uhlelo lweSuku olunikeza abahlanganyeli isampula encane ngalokho okuthandayo ukujoyina ukumba. "Dig for a Dig" iklanyelwe ukuzijabulisa futhi ukwethula abathintekayo ekuhlangenwe nakho kwezinto zakudala, isifundo somlando esimangalisayo emiphakathini kanye namasiko asele. Ubukhulu beqembu buncane, ngokuvamile abangekho abantu abayisishiyagalombili kuya kweshumi. (Uma iqembu elikhulu lifuna ukuya ku-Dig for a Day excursion bangase bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amancane lapho bengena emaphandleni.) Iziqondiso zihamba ngokufaka izincazelo kanye nezingxoxo ngokusho kohlobo lweqembu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imindeni, abantu abadala abahlala eholidini noma izazi. Okuhlangenwe nakho kuhlala cishe amahora amathathu.
Uma uya, lindela ukungcola. Gqoka izingubo ezinzima kangangokuthi ngeke zonakaliswe zizungeze odakeni, futhi zigqoke izicathulo eziqinile.
Imali yokudoba usuku i $ 30 kubantu abadala no-$ 25 kubantwana (abaneminyaka engu-5-14). Kufanele ukhokhe imali yokufaka ipaki yamashekeli angu-25 kubantu abadala, amashekeli ayi-13 kubantwana.
Ama-Seminars asezindaweni ezivulekile ahlinzeka ngezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene kanye nama-digs, ngaphezu kwe-Dig for a Day. Iqembu elilodwa lama-Australia liza njalo ngonyaka ukuchitha isonto eTel Maresha. Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi vakashela ama-Seminars aseMandulo.
Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuvakashelwa kwepaki kazwelonke Bet Guvrin-Maresha.
Hlola amanye ama-Archeological Sites e-Israel
I-Rampart Walk ekhulwini lekhulu le-16 ehlanganisa idolobha elidala laseJerusalema liveza impilo lapho izinkolo ezintathu ezinkulu - ubuJuda, ubuKristu nobuSulumane.
Ama-Seminar asezindaweni ezivulekile ahlinzekela ukuvakasha kwamanye amasayithi e-Israel.
Ukuze uthole ezinye izindawo ongazihlola, vakashela umhlahlandlela wami ka-About.com we-Anthony Grant Iwebhusayithi Ye-Israel.