7 ezinkulu zezindiza eNdiya nalokho okumele zilindele ngamunye ngamunye

Ukuhamba emoyeni eNdiya kuye kwanda ngesilinganiso esimangalisayo eminyakeni yamuva. Ngo-2017, uhulumeni waseNdiya wamemezela ukuthi iNdiya yayibe yimakethe yezokuphepha yezindiza yomphakathi esithathu emhlabeni jikelele, kanye nomgwaqo wezimoto ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyikhulu ngonyaka ka 2016-17. Ngokwezibalo zamuva, izinombolo zomgibeli kulindeleke ukuthi zifinyelele ku-7.2 billion ngonyaka ngonyaka ka-2034. I-India iphinde ilindele ukuba kube yimakethe yezindiza ezinkulu emhlabeni wonke ngo-2026.

Ukwandiswa kuqhutshwa yesikhulumi sezindiza, impumelelo yabathwali abangezindleko eziphansi, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe ezindizeni zezindiza ezifuywayo, nokugxila ekuxhumeni kwesifunda. Ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu kwezikhumulo zezindiza ezinkulu eNdiya kuye kwenziwa, kanye nokufaka okuphawulekayo kwezinkampani zangasese, futhi kuseqhubeka njengoba ikhono lithelwa. I-India manje inokuthuthukiswa okuningi, iziteshi zesikhumulo sezindiza ezintsha ezimangalisayo. Nasi isifingqo salokho okumele ulindele.

• 01 ngo-07

  I-Delhi Indira Gandhi International Airport

  U-Delhi uphikisana noMumbai ngenkokhelo yezindiza enhle eNdiya. Isikhumulo sezindiza sasiqashiselwa umqhubi wangasese ngo-2006 futhi kamuva sathuthukiswa. I-Terminal 3 entsha yomhlaba wonke yavulwa ngo-2010 futhi yaphindwe kabili isiphephelo sesikhumulo sezindiza. Kodwa-ke, izithwala eziphansi zasezindlini zisuka esiphethweni esihlukile. Ngo-2017, isikhumulo sezindiza saseDelhi sabamba abagibeli abayizigidi ezingu-63.5, okwenza kube yikhumulo sezindiza esiyisikhombisa esinobucayi kunazo zonke e-Asia kanye nenye yezinkulungwane ezingu-20 emhlabeni wonke. Okunye ukuthuthukiswa okwamanje kusetshenziselwa ukuqhubeka nokwandisa isikhumulo sezindiza. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhumulo sezindiza kuhlanganisa nokwakhiwa kwesigodlo sase-Aerocity esibhedlela, eduze namahhotela amaningi amasha. Inokufinyelela okulula kuma-terminals nesiteshi esiteshini sezitimela se- Delhi Metro Airport Express (kukhona futhi esiteshini ku-Terminal 3). Ngeshwa, isikhumulo sezindiza saseDelhi sithinteka kakhulu ngubuningi ebusika, kusukela ngoDisemba kuze kuFebhuwari. Lokhu kuvame ukuphumela ekubambezelekeni kwezindiza nokukhansela.

  • Indawo: Palam, amakhilomitha angu-16 eningizimu enkabeni yedolobha.
  • Isikhathi sokuhamba esiya esikhungweni somuzi: imizuzu engu-45 kuya kwehora elilodwa, ngesikhathi sethrafikhi evamile. Umgwaqo oya esikhumulweni sezindiza ukhululekile kakhulu ngesikhathi samahora amaningi.

• 02 ngo-07

  I-Mumbai Chattrapathi Shivaji International Airport

  Umshayeli wezindiza waseMumbai uthathe abagibeli abayizigidi ezingu-47 ngo-2017, okwenza kube sezindiza yesibili esikhulu kunazo zonke eNdiya. Efana ne-Delhi yesikhumulo sezindiza, yaqashiswa kumuntu opharetha wangasese ngo-2006, futhi isakhiwo esisha esihlanganisiwe sasekhaya sasekhaya nasemazweni omhlaba sakhiwe. I-terminal, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Terminal 2, yavulwa ekuqaleni kuka-2014. Izindiza ezindiza ekhaya zisesimweni sokuthuthela ku-Terminal 2 ngendlela ehlukanisiwe. Nakuba lesi sibulali esisha sithuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kwesikhumulo sezindiza, ukuhlanganiswa komgwaqo kanye nokulibaziseka kwezindiza ngokulandelana kuseyingxaki enkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abathwali bezindleko eziphansi basuke besuka endaweni yokugcina yasekhaya, okuyindawo ehlukumezayo endaweni engafani.

  • Indawo: Isibhedlela samazwe ngamazwe sisendaweni yaseSahar e-Andheri East kanti indawo yokuhlala yaseSanta Cruz, amakhilomitha angu-30 kanye namakhilomitha angu-24 ukusuka enyakatho yedolobha.
  • Isikhathi sokuhamba esiya esikhungweni somuzi: Amahora owodwa kuya kwamabili, kuye ngokuthi ithrafikhi.

• 03 ka-07

  I-Bengaluru International Airport

  I-Bangalore, isikhumulo sezindiza esinezintatheli zaseNdiya esithathu, sisebenza ngokuzimele futhi sisingatha abagibeli abayizigidi ezingu-25 ngo-2017. Yisikhumulo sezindiza esisha esakhiwa endaweni yesayithi. Zombili izikhumbuzo zasekhaya nasezizweni zisesakhiweni esifanayo, futhi zihlanganyela ehholo elifanayo lokuhlola. Naphezu kokuba nezindawo ezithuthukisiwe kakhulu, inkinga enkulu ukuthi itholakala ngendlela ende edolobheni. Isiphephelo sezindiza sivuliwe ngoMeyi 2008. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, sesandisiwe ngezigaba ezimbili. Isigaba sesibili saqala ngo-2015, futhi sihilela ukwakhiwa komunye umgwaqo kanye nokugcina. Isikhumulo sezindiza sase-Bangalore sivame ukubhekana nezinkinga ngenkungu ekuseni ekuseni.

  • Indawo: Devanahalli, amakhilomitha angu-40 (25 miles) enyakatho yedolobha.
  • Isikhathi sokuhamba esiya esikhungweni somuzi: Amahora owodwa kuya kwamabili, kuye ngokuthi ithrafikhi.

• 04 ka 07

  I-Chennai Anna International Airport

  I-airport ye-Chennai yi-airport ye-India enkulu kunazo zonke, futhi isakhiwo esikhulu sokufika nokuhamba eningizimu ye-India. Iphethe abagibeli ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu-20 ngonyaka, cishe ingxenye yesigamu esivimba ngaphakathi. Isikhumulo sezindiza sinomnikazi futhi siqhutshwa uhulumeni waseNdiya. Kuyindlela yokwandiswa nokuthuthukiswa. Iziteshi ezintsha ezintsha zasekhaya nezangaphandle zakhiwe futhi zavulwa ngo-2013, futhi umgwaqo wesibili wandiswa. Isigaba sesibili sokuthuthukiswa okwamanje senziwa, kufaka phakathi ukwandiswa kweziphephelo ezintsha zasekhaya nasemhlabeni jikelele, futhi kulindeleke ukuba kugcwaliswe ngo-2021. Isiphephelo esidala sasekhaya, esivela phakathi kwalezi zakhiwo ezimbili, sichithwe ukuze senze lokhu. Ngenkathi isikhumulo sezindiza sisasebenza, ngeshwa, ingqalasizinda yaso ayiphelele futhi ayinakho imisebenzi. Mhlawumbe, ingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke ukuthi iziphephelo zasemakhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe zikhona ngamamitha angu-800 ngaphandle. Uhambo oluhambayo kulindeleke ukuthi luxhumane nalaba ababili ngasekupheleni kukaMashi 2018. Isiteshi sesitimela saseMetro siphinde sihlele ukuvula esikhumulweni sezindiza maphakathi no-Ephreli 2018. Ukusebenza okungalungile kuye kwabangela ezinye izindaba zokuphepha esikhumulweni sezindiza, ngokuphazamiseka okuphindaphindiwe ama-glass panels, ama-granite slabs nokufakwa kwamanga ema-terminals.

  • Indawo: Pallavaram, amakhilomitha angu-14.5 (9 miles) eningizimu-ntshonalanga yedolobha.
  • Isikhathi sokuhamba esiya esikhungweni somuzi : imizuzu engu-20-30.

• 05 ka-07

  Kolkata Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport

  Isikhumulo sezindiza e-Kolkata yisibhamu sezindiza kodwa abantu abangaba ngu-85% abagibeli bayo basekhaya. Iyisikhumulo sezindiza esiyisihlanu esiphezulu kunazo zonke eNdiya futhi sisingatha abagibeli abayizigidi ezingu-19 ngo-2017. Njengezindiza ze-Chennai, isikhumbuzo se-Kolkata sinohulumeni waseNdiya. Iziteshi zokugcina zezindiza zasemaphandleni nezamazwe ngamazwe ziye zafakwa esikhundleni sokugcina esihlanganisiwe esisha (eyaziwa ngokuthi Terminal 2), esivuliwe ngoJanuwari 2013. Isikhumulo sezindiza sesimanje sabangela ukuba sinikezwe i- Best Improved Airport e- Asia-Pacific Region . 2014 no-2015 yi-Airports Council International. Izitolo ezintsha ezithengiswayo ekugcineni zavulwa esikhumulweni sezindiza ngo-2017, zanikeza abagibeli okuthile okumele bakwenze. Ingabe uqaphele ukuthi isikhumulo sezindiza saseKolkata sithinteka ngubhujane obukhulu ngesikhathi sekuseni ekuseni kusukela ekupheleni kukaDisemba kuya ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari. Lokhu kubangela ukubambezeleka kwezindiza njalo.

  • Indawo: Dum Dum, amakhilomitha angu-16 enyakatho-mpumalanga yedolobha.
  • Isikhathi sokuhamba esiya esikhungweni somuzi: imizuzu engu-45 kuya ku-1.5 amahora.

• 06 ka-07

  I-Hyderabad Rajiv Gandhi International Airport

  Isikhumulo sezindiza se-Hyderabad sisanda kuvulwa futhi savuleka phakathi no-Mashi 2008. Sisebenza yi nkampani yangasese futhi sisingatha abagibeli abayizigidi ezingu-15 ngonyaka. Isikhumulo sezindiza singamazinga omhlaba, nezindawo ezinhle kakhulu. Ngesivumelwano salokhu, sesichaze njalo phakathi kwezikhulu zezindiza ezintathu eziphezulu (abagibeli abayizigidi ezinhlanu kuya kwezigidi ezingu-15) emhlabeni jikelele kwi-Airports Council International yonyaka we-Airports Council Quality Awards. Isikhumulo sezindiza sase-Hyderabad sinqobile umklomelo wokuphathwa kwemvelo, ngo-2015. Isikhumulo sezindiza sinendawo eyodwa ehlangene yokugcina yasekhaya nasemhlabeni wonke. Imisebenzi iqalile ukwandisa isikhumulo sezindiza ngokufaka esinye isiphetho kanye nomunye umgwaqo ngo-2021.

  • Indawo: Shamshabad, amakhilomitha angu-30 (19 miles) eningizimu-ntshonalanga yedolobha.
  • Isikhathi sokuhamba esiya esikhungweni somuzi: Amahora owodwa kuya kwamabili, kuye ngokuthi ithrafikhi.

• 07 ka-07

  I-Goa International Airport

  I-Goa okwamanje inesinye sezikhumulo sezindiza esisebenzela wonke umhlaba, futhi sisezingeni lesimo sezempi. Isikhumulo sezindiza sikahulumeni esisebenza futhi sinokusebenza sinekhono labagibeli abayizigidi ezingu-5 ngonyaka, kodwa sithatha abagibeli abangaba yizigidi ezingu-7. Ngeshwa, lokhu kubonakala ekusebenzeni kwayo. Ngisho noma isikhumulo sezindiza siye savuselelwa, futhi isiphephelo esisha esihlanganisiwe esakhiwe ngoDisemba 2013, kuye kwaba izikhalazo eziningi ezivela kubagibeli mayelana nengqalasizinda yayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuqhubekela phambili, ukuhleleka okungahambi kahle, izinqubo ezingasebenzi, inkonzo encane, ukungabi nabathengisi bokudla nezitolo, izindlu zokugeza zokungcola kanye nokushisa umoya okungasebenzi. Isikhumulo sezindiza esisha kulindeleke ukuba sivule eMopa, enyakatho yeGoa, ngo-2019. Nokho, imisebenzi ihlelwe nokwandisa isikhumulo sezindiza esikhona.

  • Indawo: Dabolim, phakathi kweNyakatho neNingizimu yeGoa.
  • Isikhathi sokuhamba esikhungweni somuzi: imizuzu engu-40 ukufinyelela ePanjim, inhloko-dolobha yombuso.