I-Pot True Melting on the North Coast
Inhlanganisela ehlukahlukene yamaqembu obuhlanga yakha umphefumulo kanye noCleveland. Ngenye yezinto ezinikeza lo muzi uhlamvu oluthakazelisayo, ungalokothi ulandele ukudla okuhlukahlukene, amakhelwane namasiko. Nakhu ukubheka amaqembu amakhulu abambe iqhaza ekwenzeni uCleveland ukuthi liyini namuhla. Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe ngefa likaCleveland lobuhlanga, hlola i-Project Cleveland Memory.
01 kwezingu-17
AmaPoles
Abafuduki baseColveland basePoland baqala ukufika phakathi nekhulu le-19 leminyaka, betholakala ngomsebenzi emigqumeni yokugcoba (ensimbi) emfuleni weCuyahoga kanye nemishini yokubopha uboya. Kanye namaCzech, bahlala endaweni eyayizungeze iCuyahoga Valley, endaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi iSlavic Village naseNewburgh Heights.
IsiPolish sisakhulunywa ngasemzaneni waseSlavic, futhi izitolo zokudla, njenge-Seven Roses Deli, zithengisa amasoseji, pierogi nezinye izinto zasePoland. Umakhelwane waseSlavic Village ugubha ifa lazo zonke izinsuku zangoMeyi nge-parade kanye nango-Agasti ngamunye eMkhosini Wokuvuna. ISt. Stanislaus Church, eyasungulwa ngo-1888, yayinethonya lokuqala kulomphakathi futhi yasiza ukusekela abasha.
02 ka-17
AmaNtaliyane
Abafuduki base-Italy baqala ukuhlala eCleveland phakathi nekhulu le-19, endaweni okuthiwa i-Big Italy ngase-Woodland nase-East 30th Street. Iningi lalabahlali baseNtaliyane bokuqala babengabadayisi, abapheki, nabathengisi. Iminyango encane kakhulu ye "Big Italy," kepha amabhizinisi afana neGalccci noCalallano aqala izimpande zawo.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, iqembu elihlukile lama-Italiya lahlala endaweni eningizimu ye-Euclid, ngaseMayfield, esaziwa ngokuthi i-Little Italy. Abaningi kulaba abasanda kufika kwakuyiziqu zamatshe ezaziqoshwe izikhumbuzo zeMangcwaba iLake View eliseduzane. I-Italy encane yanamuhla isalokhu igcina umoya walezo zizukulwane zokuqala zaseMelika.03 ka-17
I-Ireland
I-Irish yayingenye yezinhlanga zokuqala zokuhlala eCleveland, eholwa imisebenzi eyenziwe yi-Ohio-Erie Canal kanye ne-Cleveland docks. Abafuduki base-Ireland bokuqala bahlala eWhisky Island (okuthiwa nguLornzo Carter, hhayi izakhamuzi ezintsha) ekuqaleni kowezi-1820.
Njengoba umsebenzi osemfuleni wamanzi waba ningi kakhulu, kwamakhulu abantu abaningi base-Ireland bafika bevela eYurophu, behlala eduze naseWest Side nasezindaweni ezizungeze ama- Flats anamuhla. I-St. Malaki, isifunda sase-Ireland, yayiyi-centerpiece yalowo makhelwane.
UCleveland usabamba izikhumbuzo eziningi zalezo zifiki zakuqala emaqenjini amaningi ase-Irish, ukugubha uSuku lweSt. Patricks, kanye neziningi zokukhangisa zase-Irish.04 kwangu-17
AmaJalimane
Izakhamuzi zakuqala zaseJalimane enyakatho ye-Ohio ikakhulukazi zazivela eMpumalanga, inzalo yalabo abafika e-United States ngesikhathi seMelika Revolution.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-Ohio-Erie Canal ngawo-1830 kwaletha ukuqhuma kweziJalimane ezizukulwaneni zokuqala, eziningi zazo ezazihlala endaweni yaseTramont yanamuhla, eLorain Street eBrooklyn, nasezindaweni eziphakeme zeSuperior naseCentral e-East Side. Abafuduki baseJalimane bokuqala babengabadwebi abanekhono, abaphangi, abacwebezelayo, nezigqoko, phakathi kwezinye imisebenzi.
Izakhiwo zaseJalimane zaseCleveland seziphelile, kodwa ifa lomuzi waseJalimane lingabonakala emakethe ye-Honsa eLorain, eduze neWest Side Market, naseZion UCC eTrmont.
05 ka-17
The Slovenes
Phakathi nekhulu leminyaka lama-20, uCleveland waba nomphakathi omkhulu kunazo zonke eSlovenia e-United States. Njengoba idonselwe emithini yemishini yensimbi, iSlovenes yaqala ukufika ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, ihlala eNewburgh.
Amanye ama-enclave aseSlovenes afaka indawo yaseSt. Clair Avenue (ukusuka e-East 30th Street kuya e-East 79th Street.) Kanye nomakhelwane waseCollinwood . Kamuva, iningi labantu baseSlovenia lahlala e-Euclid, e-Ohio.
AbaseClevelanders abavelele abafuna ukuvela eSlovenia bahlanganisa uSen. George Voinovich no-polka star Frankie Yankovic. Umphakathi omncane kodwa osebenzayo waseSlovenia usekhona eCleveland.
06 kwangu-17
AmaShayina
Ifa leCleveland lamaShayina livela eqenjini elincane kodwa elisondelene laseCantonese elahlala eduze nePublic Square ngasekupheleni kwawo-1860. Izakhamuzi zakudala zaseShayina zaziyizindawo zokudlela nabasebenzi.
Njengoba idolobha laseCleveland likhula, lo mphakathi wawudlulela empumalanga, kuqala ukuya endaweni ejikeleze i-East 55th Street nase-Euclid Avenue naseminyakeni ye-1930 ukuya eCleveland sikaChinatown ( manje eyi-Asiatown ), ngaseDwellwell nase-East 24th Street.
Iminyaka yama-1970 kanye no-1980 yaletha ukufuduka kwamanye amazwe angamaShayina abafudukayo, abanjwe amanyuvesi aseCleveland nemisebenzi yobunjiniyela nobuchwepheshe.
Namuhla, i-Asiatown yaseCleveland igcwele izindawo zokudlela zesiShayina-Amerika kanye nezitolo zokudla zaseShayina futhi ihlangabezana nokuzalwa kabusha njengendawo yokuhlala.
07 kwangu-17
I-Czechs
AmaCzech ayingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke nezindala kunazo zonke zeqembu likaCleveland. Laba bahambeli, okwakhiwa amaBohemian, amaMoravians namaSilesi, baqala ukufika ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. AmaCzech asekuqaleni ahlala esigabeni somfula namuhla esibizwa ngokuthi iFlats.
Abafika kamuva baqhubekela phambili bephuma edolobheni lapho bebengaba khona indawo yokutshala imifino, bahlala ngaseBroadway naseFleet Avenue naseNtshonalanga 41st Street nase Clark Avenue.
Zombili lezi zindawo zinezinhlanga ezincane, ezincane zaseCzech-America. Isiko saseCzech singasatholakala emasontweni, njengeSt. John Napomocene eFleet Avenue naseKarllin Hall social club, naseSilavic Village.08 kwangu-17
Ama-Ukrainians
Abafuduki baseCreveland bokuqala base-Ukraine baqala ukufika kule ndawo maphakathi nawo-1870, behlala ngokuyinhloko endaweni yaseTrmont. Kamuva amaza abafuduki ayefika eCleveland phakathi kweMpi Yezwe I neMpi Yezwe II nangemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union. Abafuduki abaningi basanda kudala i-enclave yase-Ukraine eParma, eningizimu yeCleveland.
Lo mphakathi osebenzayo unezinhlelo ezintathu zemisakazo namaphephandaba amathathu e-Ukraine kanye ne-Ukrainian Museum ku-Kenilworth Avenue eTrmont. Amanye amasonto wesifunda anamasevisi e-Ukraine; lezi zihlanganisa amaSts. UPeter noPawulu eTrmont naseSt. Josaphat eParma.
09 ka-17
AmaHungary
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, uCleveland wayenabantu abaningi baseHungary ngaphandle kweHungary. Kusukela ngo-1870, abaningi baseHungary bahambela eNyakatho-Ohio ukuba basebenze ezindaweni ezisungulwayo kanye nezitolo zomshini ezikhulayo endaweni. Izindawo eziningi zaseHungary zakhiwa, ezibili ezinkulu kunazo zonke ezazizungeze i-East 79th Street ne-Woodland Avenue kanye neBuckeye Road.
Izenzakalo emva kweMpi Yezwe II kanye no-1956 isiHungarian Revolution zaletha amagagasi engeziwe abokufika.
Namuhla, isiko saseCleveland sikaHungary sibonakala engadini yaseHungary e-Cleveland Cultural Gardens, e-Hungarian Heritage Museum, nasezindaweni zokudla ezifana neBalaton kwiShaker Square (ekuqaleni kwaseBuckeye Road).10 kwangu-17
Umphakathi wase-Afrika-waseMelika
Ifa elimnyama laseCleveland cishe lidala njengoba idolobha ngokwayo. Umhlali wokuqala wase-Afrika waseMelika, uGeorge Peake, wafika eCleveland ngo-1809, ngemva kweminyaka engu-13 nje uMoses Cleaveland asungula umuzi ngo-1796. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi izakhamizi zase-Cleveland zase-Afrika-America ziye zadlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni komuzi. Zihlanganisa uCarl Stokes , iMeya yaseMelika yaseMelika.
Izakhamizi zaseCleveland ezimnyama zafika ngamagagasi amabili amakhulu, eza ngokuyinhloko evela eNingizimu Melika. I-wave yokuqala yavela ngo-1890 kuya ku-1915 futhi yahlala ngokuyinhloko eduze neCentral Avenue, phakathi kweDowntown nase-East 40th Street. Kamuva, phakathi kuka-1940 no-1960, ukuqhuma kwesibili kwabase-Afrika baseMelika bafika, ingxenye ye-Great Migration.
11 kwangu-17
AmaKorea
Inombolo encane yaseCreveland yabafiki baseKorea baqala ukufika eNyakatho-Ohio ekupheleni kweMpi yaseKorea ngo-1953. Inani elikhulu lamaKorea lafika kancane kancane phakathi nawo-1970 no-1980. Laba bantu abasha babebafundi, odokotela, nabanjiniyela.
Njengoba abafuduki baseCoreveland baseKorea befika kancane kancane, bahlala kuwo wonke umuzi, kunokuba bahlale endaweni eyodwa. Isiko saseKorea sibonakala emasontweni ayisithupha aseKorea-American edolobheni, kuhlanganise neSt. Andrew Kim Korean Catholic Church eTrmont.
12 kwangu-17
AmaCroatia
I-Croatia yisifunda saseSlavic esaseningizimu yeYurophu, isifunda esihlukumezayo, ikakhulukazi ekhulwini lama-20. Ngesikhathi sokubalwa kwabantu kuka-1990, uCleveland wayenomphakathi wesine waseSroatia omkhulu kunazo zonke e-US Laba bahambeli beqala ukufika ema-1860, behlala neSlovenes ezungeze iSt. Clair Avenue, kusukela e-East Ninth kuya East 79th street. Abaningi abafuduki baseCroatia babeyizisebenzi ezingasebenzi futhi bathola imisebenzi ezakhiweni zensimbi nezitolo zemishini.
I-wave yamuva yama-Croatians ayencane kakhulu, afundele kakhulu afika ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, ebalekela umbuso wamaKhomanisi waseYugoslavia.
Namuhla, isiko lesiCroatia sibonakala eNyakatho YaseKroatia National Home e-Eastlake nasemasontweni, njengeSt. Nicholas, e-Superior Avenue.
13 kwangu-17
AmaGreki
Umphakathi wesiGreki waseCleveland uyinto encane kodwa ehlangene kakhulu. Abafuduki baseGrisi baqala ukufika eCleveland ngawo-1880, behlala eBolivar nase-Ontario izindawo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Gateway.
Abafika kamuva ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 bahlala eTermont futhi basekela iSonto Lase-Annunciation, elihlala likhula nanamuhla.
Abahambeli abaningi abangamaGreki baba abanikazi bamabhizinisi amancane, bevula izitolo zekhofi, ama-confectionaries, izindawo zokudla kanye nokudla okuncane. Inombolo enkulu yalezi zikhungo zisenabo yizizukulwane zamaGreki.
14 kwangu-17
I-Lithuanians
Njengamanye amaqembu amazwe aseMpumalanga yeYurophu, umfudumo wokuqala wezifiki zaseLithuania wafika eNyakatho-Ohio ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, ekhishwe yimisebenzi emkhakheni wokukhiqiza. Laba baqala ukuhlala bahlala bezungeza iSt. Clair Avenue, bevela eRowwell beya e-East 71st Street. Ipherishi labo, iSt. George's Lithuanian Church e-East 67th Street ne-Superior Avenue, yasungulwa ngo-1895 futhi isaphila kakhulu.
Umvuthwandaba wesibili wababaleki baseLithuania wafika eCleveland ngasekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe II njengoba iSoviet Union iqoqa izwe lakubo. Laba bafike badala umphakathi oseduze ne-East 185th St
Namuhla, isiko saseLithuania singatholakala emhlanganweni wonyaka we-E. 185th Street naseqoqo laseLithuania e-Kent State University.
15 kwangu-17
AmaPuerto Rican
AmaPuerto Rican enza ingxenye enkulu, cishe ngamaphesenti angu-85, emphakathini waseCleveland waseSpanishi. Leli qembu laqala ukufika eNyakatho YaseNyakatho kusukela ngo-1945 nokuthi ukufuduka kwaqhubeka kwaze kwafika ngo-1965; baqashwa ukuba basebenze ezimbonini zendawo kanye nezindawo zokugcina izithombo. Abokufika kwasekuqaleni bahlala ecaleni lasempumalanga yeCleveland, ngaseHough, Lexington, naseSperior.
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950, umphakathi waseCleveland wasePuerto Rican wathuthela edolobheni elisentshonalanga, ezungeze eNtshonalanga yesishiyagalolunye ukuya emadolobheni aseNtshonalanga 65, phakathi kweDetroit Road neClark Avenue. Inani elikhulu lalabo basePuerto Rican basalokhu bebiza le ndawo ekhaya.
Namuhla, isiko saseCleveland sikaPuerto Rican singatholakala ezitolo eziningi zokudla zaseSpanishi ngaseceleni kwesentshonalanga nomkhosi wasePuerto Rican, owawuqhutshwa njalo ngo-Agasti.
16 kwangu-17
I-Vietnamese
Izakhamizi ezingaphezu kuka-2 000 zaseVietnam zaqala ukufika eNyakatho-Ohio emva kokuwa kweSaigon ngo-Ephreli 30, 1975, umcimbi owawuphawu lokuhlanganiswa kweVietnam kanye nokuphela kweNingizimu Afrika yentando yeningi. Abaningi balaba basemzini bahlala endaweni yaseDetroit / Shoreway, kanye noMadison, Franklin, naseDetroit.
Namuhla, ifa le-Cleveland laseVietnam lingabonakala eSontweni LaseSt. Stefano eWest 54th Street, emkhosini wonyaka we-Tet ngoFebruwari, nakuzo zokudlela eziningi zaseVietnam edolobheni, kuhlanganise no # 1 Pho.
17 kwangu-17
Umphakathi wase-Arab-American
Abafuduki baseMpumalanga Ephakathi baqala ukufika eCleveland ngasekuqaleni kuka-1895, abaningi bebalekela ukuxokozeleka esifundeni esasiholela eMpini Yezwe I. Abaningi bezabelo zakuqala base-Arab bavela e-Greater Syria (izwe elihlanganisa neLebhanon lanamuhla) futhi, ngokungafani ingxenye enkulu yezwe lama-Arabhu, yayingamaKristu. Laba basuki bahlala eduze neBolivar Avenue enyakatho yedolobha laseCleveland naseTrmont.
Umvuthwandaba wesibili wabokufika abangama-Arab wafika eCleveland ngemuva kokusungulwa kuka-Israyeli ngo-1948, futhi laba bahambeli babephuma ePalestina.
Namuhla, ifa lomuzi wase-Arabhu lingabonakala ezimakethe ezungeze iWest Side Market nasemasontweni, ikakhulukazi eSt. Maron's eCarnegie naseSt. George Antiochian Orthodox Church eTrmont.