I-Hetch Hetchy Reservoir: Umhlahlandlela Owusizo

01 ka 05

Isikhombisi Sokuvakashela I-Hetch Hetchy

Uma useduze noJosemite nomunye uthi Hetch Hetchy, awakhulumi noma ahlasele. Esikhundleni salokho, bakhuluma ngesigodi esineziqhwala esibizwa ngokuthi i-naturalist uJohn Muir ebizwa ngokuthi "umlingani ophawulekayo" kuYosemite Valley.

Kuze kube ngo-1913, izimpophoma zawela phansi emagqumeni amakhulu aye esigodini esingezansi. Namuhla, ichibi ligcwalisa isigodi nemifula ehlasela ngqo kuwo.

Uma ucabanga ngokuvakashela i-Hetch Hetchy phakathi neholidi lakho le-Yosemite, lezi zinzuzo, ukuziqhenya, nokubukwa kungakusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi uzohamba yini.

Kungani Kufanele Hetch Hetchy

Indawo okuthiwa i-Hetch Hetchy ingcwatshwe ngaphansi kwendawo. Kungaba ukuhamba kwehora lesigamu ukusuka ku-CA Highway 120.

I-Hetch Hetchy inhle futhi iyathakazelisa, kodwa ayikho phakathi kwezinto eziphezulu e-Yosemite. Akudingeki ukushayela isikhathi eside ukufika lapho uma isikhathi sakho sinciphile. Uma uhlala izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine noma wenze ukuvakashelwa okuphindaphinda, kungenza ushintsho oluhle lwezinga.

E-Hetch Hetchy Reservoir, ungahamba ngaphesheya kwedamu futhi ufunde kabanzi mayelana nomlando wendawo kusuka ezimpawu zokuhumusha. Ngenxa yokuphakama kwayo ephansi, i-Hetch Hetchy inenkathi yokuhamba kakhulu kunazo zonke epaki kule ndawo. Ungahamba emigwaqeni eminingana, kusuka kumamayela amabili kuya kwangu-13 ubude.

Entwasahlobo, izimbali zasendle ziqhakaza emigwaqeni. I-Wapama Falls ibonakala kalula edameni. Ukudoba kuvunyelwe unyaka wonke eHetch Hetchy, enelayisensi evumelekile yokudoba eCalifornia.

Izilwane ezifuywayo zivunyelwe endaweni yokupaka kuphela, nge-leash, kodwa ayikwazi ukuhamba emigwaqeni noma idamu.

02 ka 05

Idamu le-O'sughnessy

Ngo-1913, isikhathi esisodwa emlandweni wayo, i-US yavumela idolobha elilodwa ukuba libe yingxenye efanele yepaki kazwelonke ukusetshenziswa kwayo okukhethekile. UMongameli Woodrow Wilson wasayina uMthetho weRaker ngoDisemba 19, 1913, owavumela iSan Francisco ukwakha idamu eHetch Hetchy Valley. Lapho kugcwaliswa ngo-1923, iDamu lase-O'Shaughnessy lalime ngamamitha angu-364 phezulu. Ubizwa ngokuthi unjiniyela omkhulu we-Hetch Hetchy Project.

Ichibi lihamba cishe ngamamitha ayisishiyagalombili eMfuleni iTuolumne futhi liwumthombo wamanzi kubantu abahlala eSan Francisco, eSan Mateo, naseAlameda Counties cishe ngamakhilomitha angaba ngu-160.

I-Hetch Hetchy ingaphezu kwamanzi nje. Kubuye kube umgogodla wesistimu ye-San Francisco ehlanzekile, ukuhlinzeka ngamandla kagesi emanzini amane.

03 ka 05

I-Wapama Falls

Enye yezindawo eziningi eziyingqayizivele eHetch Hetchy, iWapama Falls iyi-cascade ende ehamba ngamamitha angu-1,300 egeleza ngokushesha entwasahlobo lapho iqhwa liqhakazile. Futhi igxila ngqo echibini.

Nakuba kungabonakali ngesikhathi sokumisa endaweni yokupaka kanye namapulazi eDamTueeulala nawo angena ngqo echibini.

04 ka 05

Ukufinyelela ku-Hetch Hetchy: Imephu

I-Hetch Hetchy Valley ne-Reservoir ye-Yosemite National Park iyindawo engamamitha angaba ngu-3 800 ukuphakama, empumalanga yepaki, engamakhilomitha angamashumi amabili empumalanga ye-Big Oak Flat yokungena kuJosemite. Ungabona ukuthi ikuphi imephu ye-Yosemite.

Ukuze ufinyelele i-Hetch Hetchy, kufanele uphume ku-Yosemite National Park uphinde uyifake. Thatha i-CA Highway 120 kusuka epaki eya eGroveland. Kusuka emgwaqweni omkhulu, cishe umzila wokuhamba ngomzuzu wama-20 kuya kwangu-25 ukuya endaweni yokupaka.

Ukuhamba kwehora lesigamu ukuya eHetch Hetchy kusuka ku-CA Highway 120 kuqala ngaphandle kwemingcele yepaki. Idlula iCamp Mather, ikamu yokwakhiwa kweDamu lase-O'Shaughnessy, okuthi - ngoba izwe lingumuzi - manje liyipaki lomuzi waseSan Francisco.

Ukusuka lapho, umgwaqo ulandela uMfula iTuolumne, ujikeleze ngaphezu kwePoopenaut Valley endaweni yokupaka kanye nenkundla yehlane. Ukuze uvakashele ngokujwayelekile eHetch Hetchy, vumela cishe amahora angu-1.5 ukwenza uhambo olujikelezayo ukusuka emgwaqweni omkhulu.

Izimoto ezingaphezu kwamamitha angu-25 ubude zivinjelwe emgwaqweni omncane, onamandla oya eHetch Hetchy.

05 ka 05

I-Hetch Hetchy Valley Ngaphambi Kwedamu

Lo mdwebo ka-Albert Bierstadt - nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi uzimisele - kukunika umbono wokuthi yini isigodi esibheke ngaphambi kwedamu, nokuthi singabheka kanjani uma kubuyiselwa esimweni salo semvelo.

Impi Yokulondoloza I-Hetch Hetchy

Ngo-1870, isazi semvelo uJohn Muir sabiza ngokuthi i-Hetch Hetchy Valley "umlingani ngokumangalisayo we-Yosemite omkhulu." Lapho kushayiswa kuqala uMfula iTuolumne eHetch Hetchy Valley, wahlangana nokuphikiswa okukhulu eMir. Ukhulunywe yiSierra Club kanti abanye bathi: "Idamu leHetch Hetchy! Kanye nedamu lamathangi amanzi amanzi amasonto kanye namasonto abantu, ngoba ithempeli elingcwele lingakaze lihlukaniswe inhliziyo yomuntu."

U-Muir nabalingani bakhe balwa empini enzima, ekugcineni empilweni kaMuir (wafa ngo-1914), kodwa balahlekelwa. I-Hetch Hetchy Lake yagoba isigodi. Ngisho nanamuhla, abanye baphikisa ukutholakala kwawo futhi bazama ukukhipha. Funda umbono wabo.

Ngemva kwekhulu leminyaka, le mpikiswano iyaqhubeka. Ngo-1987, uNobhala Wezangaphakathi uDonald Hodel uhlongoze uhlelo lokubuyisela uHetch Hetchy Valley. I-Sierra Club isekela ukucindezela okuqhubekayo kokudiliza idamu nokubuyisela isigodi, futhi inhlangano Ibuyisela uHetch Hetchy inolwazi oluningi mayelana nesimo samanje, iqiniso mayelana nezinganekwane ezivamile nezindlela ongenza umbono wakho uvezwe.