Wazalelwa ngaphandle komnyango waseKansas City , uHarry S. Truman wayezokhula njengomlimi, isosha, ibhizinisi, senator, futhi ekugcineni umongameli we-33 wase-United States.
Amagama akhe njengoMengameli ayenziwe isenzo kanye nemlando. Wafungelwa ezinsukwini ezingu-82 nje kuphela enqoleni yakhe yokuqala njengomphini wongameli kanye nokufa kukaMengameli Franklin Delano Roosevelt, uTruman wabhekana nomsebenzi omkhulu wokuqeda iMpi Yezwe II.
Kungakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha, wamemezela ukuzinikela kweJalimane futhi wayala amabhomu e-athomu ku- Hiroshima naseNagasaki, ngokuphumelelayo ukuqeda impi.
Kamuva, wayezokhipha izinyathelo zokuhlinzekela ukunakekelwa kwezempilo emhlabeni wonke, umholo ophansi kakhulu, ukuhlanganisa impi yase-US nokunqabela ukucwaswa ngokohlanga ngokobuhlanga. Kodwa kwakuyisinqumo sakhe ukungena e-United States empini yaseKorea eyaholela ekunciphiseni kokulinganisa kwakhe kokuvunywa nokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Izinqumo ezenziwe kulo lonke likaMongameli weTruman zithinteka kakhulu eUnited States, futhi izinkinga eziningi nokwesaba okubhekene nesikhathi sakhe - ubuhlanga, ubumpofu, nezinkinga zomhlaba jikelele - zisasebenza nanamuhla.
Umongameli kuphela emlandweni wanamuhla ngaphandle kwezinga leyunivesithi, u-Truman akayekanga izimpande zakhe ezincane eziseMidwestern futhi ekugcineni wabuyela edolobheni lakubo lase-Independence, eMissouri lapho umtapo wakhe wezincwadi kanye neyamamyuziyamu okwamanje umi eduze kwendlu yakhe yangaphambili.
Mayelana neLabhulali
Enye yezindawo ezikhangayo eziphakeme kakhulu zaseKansas, iHarry S. Truman Library kanye neMyuziyamu kwakuyi-first of the 14 yama- libraries kamongameli okwakhiwa ngaphansi koMthetho wama-Liberal Presidential Act ka-1955. Iba namakhasi angama-15 wezigidi zemibhalo yesandla kanye namafayela e- White House ; izinkulungwane zamahora wokuqopha kwevidiyo nokulalelwayo; futhi izithombe ezingaphezu kuka-128,000 zilandelana ngokuphila, imisebenzi yokuqala, kanye nomongameli kaMengameli Truman.
Ngenkathi umtapo wolwazi unezinto ezingaba yizi-32,000 eziqoqweni zawo, ingxenyana yazo kuphela ekhonjiswa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi esithile.
Umtapo wezincwadi awuyona nje imyuziyamu elandelela umongameli, futhi ingumlando wokuphila, lapho abafundi, izazi, izintatheli nabanye beza ukucwaninga ngempilo noMsebenzi kaMongameli Truman. Amafayela kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo kubhekwa njengedokhumenti esemthethweni yomphakathi, futhi isayithi liqondiswa yi-National Archives and Records Administration.
Umtapo wezincwadi usezindaweni ezisemaphethelweni ase-Independence, eMissouri, emgwaqeni omfushane ukusuka eDowntown Kansas City. Ngenkathi mhlawumbe mhlawumbe eyaziwa ngokuthi ukuqala kwe-Oregon Trail, ukuzimela kuyilapho uTruman akhule khona, waqala umndeni wakhe futhi waphila iminyaka embalwa yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe. Ngokwakha umtapo wezincwadi edolobheni lakubo, izivakashi zikwazi kangcono ukuzuza umuzwa wendawo eyayihlose impilo yakhe nomlingiswa wakhe.
Okufanele Ukulindele
I-museum ihlukaniswe yaba nemibukiso emibili eyinhloko-eyodwa ekuphileni nangezikhathi zikaTruman, kanti enye inongameli wayo.
"UHarry S. Truman: Ukuphila Kwakhe Nezikhathi Zakhe" umbukiso utshela indaba yeTruman yokudala, imisebenzi yokuqala, nomndeni wakhe. Lapha uzothola izincwadi zothando phakathi kwakhe nomkakhe, uBess, kanye nokwaziswa ukuthi usebentise kanjani umhlalaphansi wakhe ngenkuthalo ebanjwe emtatsheni wezincwadi.
Izingxenye ezisebenzayo zivumela izakhamuzi ezincane, ikakhulukazi, ukuba zithole ukuthi impilo yayinjani kumengameli wangaphambili - kuhlanganise nokuzama ngezicathulo zakhe.
"UHarry S. Truman: Umongameli weMongameli" umbukiso omncane kakhulu, ngomlando waseMelika nomhlaba ohlangene nalowo womengameli. Uma ungena embukisweni, uzobuka ifilimu engenayo yemizuzu engu-15 ifingqa impilo kaTuruman ngaphambi kokuba umongameli. Ukuphela kokufa kwe-FDR, le vidiyo ilungiselela izivakashi ngezinto zokubonisa ezichaza isikhundla sikaMengameli weTruman nangaphezulu. Ukusuka lapho, izinto zihlelwe ngokulandelana kwesikhathi.
Njengoba uzulazula egumbini ngemva kwekamelo, uzobona iphephandaba, ama-video, namavidiyo abonisa izenzakalo ezinkulu, nokuqoshwa komsindo wemilomo yomlomo kanye nezinkulumo zomlando zidlala ku-loop. Izinkathi zesikhathi esiteji zibonisa umehluko ocacile wokuthi i-United States neYurophu yabhekana kanjani nokuphila ngemva kwe-WWII, futhi ama-flipbooks abonisa ukufakwa kwedayari, izincwadi nezinkulumo ezibhaliwe nguTruman ngokwakhe.
Ngaphandle kokubeka umlando wesikhathi, izinto ezibonakalayo eziboniswayo zihlinzeka ngokuqondisisa kwezinye izingcingo ezinzima ezenziwa ngesikhathi sikaTuruman. Izivakashi zibhekana nalezi zinqumo ezifanayo "ezinkundleni zeshashalazi," lapho zizobona khona imikhiqizo emangalisayo eyenza ukukhetha okwenziwa yiTruman futhi ivote ngalokho ababeyokwenza esikhundleni sakhe.
Yini ongayibona
Umtapo wezincwadi kanye neyamamyuziyamu banomlando wolwazi nomlando ngokuphathelene nokuphathwa kukaTuruman nokuphila komongameli wangaphambili, kodwa kunezinto ezimbalwa, ikakhulukazi okufanele uziqaphele.
"Ukuzimela nokuvulwa kweWest" Mural
Le mural, eqoshwe umculi wendawo uThomas Hart Benton ekamelweni elikhulu lomtapo wolwazi, utshela indaba yokusekwa kwe-Independence, eMissouri. Njengoba i-legend ingaba nayo, u-Truman ngokwakhe wabamba upende oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esibhakabhakeni sesibhakabhaka ngemuva kokuba ama-critic akhe avame ukuhola uBenton ukumemela ekudleni, futhi lowo owayengumongameli, akekho ozobuyela emuva enselele.
Inothi kumNobhala we-Stimson Ngokuphathelene neBhomu le-Atomic
Yize kungekho mlando owaziwayo okhona okhombisa ukugunyazwa okubhalwe phansi kwebhomu le-athomu, inothi elibhalwe phansi ngesandla elibhekiswe kuNobhala Wempi ngaleso sikhathi, uHenry Stimson, lisho ukukhululwa kwesitatimende somphakathi ngokuqhuma kwamabhomu. Le ncwajana, ehlala ekamelweni elinesihloko esithi "Isinqumo sokuDonsa iBhomu," yisona esiseduzane ekugunyazweni kokugcina kokuthunyelwa kwayo.
I-Telegram yokuhalalisela ku-Eisenhower
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka enguMongameli we-Presidential umbukiso ekamelweni elibizwa ngokuthi "Leaving Office," uzothola i-telegram iTruman yathumela kumlandeli wakhe, uMongameli uDwight Eisenhower, emncoma ngokuncintisana kwakhe ukhetho futhi eqinisekisa indawo yakhe njengomengameli wezwe.
I-Buck ihamba lapha
Bheka i-original ethi "I-Buck ihamba lapha" ibhalise ekuzijabuliseni kwe- Office Oval . Isibonakaliso sokwemvelo sasihlezi etafuleni likaTruman phakathi nokuphatha kwakhe, njengesikhumbuzo sokuthi umongameli ekugcineni nguye ophethe izinqumo ezibucayi ezenziwa ngesikhathi esehhovisi. Le nkulumo yayizoqhubeka ibe yinto ejwayelekile, esetshenziswe abaningi bezombusazwe eminyakeni emashumi kusukela lapho.
Indawo Yokuphumula Yokugcina kaTruman
Lowo owayengumongameli wangena eminyakeni yakhe yokugcina ngokujulile ehileleka emtatsheni wakhe, waze wafika ngisho nokuphendula ucingo ngokwakhe ngezinye izikhathi ukunikeza izikhombandlela noma ukuphendula imibuzo. Kwakuyisifiso sakhe sokungcwatshwa khona, futhi ithuna lakhe litholakala egcekeni, eceleni komkakhe othandekayo nomndeni wakhe.
Nini ukuya
Umtapo wezincwadi kanye neyamamyuziyamu zivuliwe ngesikhathi samahora omsebenzi ngoMsombuluko kuze kube ngoMgqibelo nakusihlwa ngeSonto. Zivaliwe i-Thanksgiving, uKhisimusi, noSuku LwaNcibijane.
Amanani emathikithi
Ukwamukelwa emnyuziyamu kunenkululeko yabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 ubudala. Izingane ezindala nabadala kakhulu bathenga ithikithi, ngamanani avela ku-$ 3 ebusheni 6-16 kuya ku-$ 8 kubantu abadala. Izaphulelo ziyatholakala kulabo abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65, futhi ama-veteran nabasebenzi bezempi bathola ukungena mahhala kusukela ngoMeyi 8 kuya ku-Agasti 15.
Imibukiso ye-Inthanethi
Uma ungeke ukwazi ukwenza uhambo lomuntu siqu, ungahlola eziningi zomnikelo welabhulali kuwebhusayithi yayo. Thatha uhambo olubonakalayo lweHhovisi Elivaliwe njengoba kwakunjalo ngesikhathi sokuPhatha kwe-Truman, ufunde ngezikhathi zokuhlala zombukiso, futhi ngisho namamephu namadokhumenti ambalwa - konke kusuka enduduzo yendlu yakho.