Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokungcebeleka eMelika Ephakathi kuncane kakhulu, kodwa iMelika Ephakathi neMexico imelela indlela eyinhloko yokudakisa izidakamizwa e-United States, ikakhulukazi i-cocaine. Ngenxa yokuhweba kwezidakamizwa, iLatin America neCaribbean inezinga eliphezulu lobugebengu emhlabeni jikelele .
Kodwa-ke, amazwe aseMelika Ephakathi asebenzisa izidakamizwa kanye nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile. Izidakamizwa azikho emthethweni kulo lonke elaseMelika Ephakathi, futhi bonke abahamba ngezinyawo bancike emithethweni yemithi yendawo kanye nezinhlawulo, okuvame ukuqina kakhulu (njengaseminyakeni ejele eligcwele kakhulu, ejele laseRundown).
Imithetho Nemithi Yezidakamizwa e-Costa Rica
Ngaphandle kokuphuza utshwala nokubhema, izidakamizwa zokuzilibazisa azikho emthethweni eCosta Rica , futhi ukuhweba izidakamizwa kuyinkinga ekhulayo ezweni. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi i-cannabis ingekho emthethweni, amaphoyisa aseCosta Rica ngokuvamile akagcini abantu abaphethe amancani amancane ukuze basebenzise; amadolobha ase-beach ajwayele ukuba yilokho okulindeleke kakhulu ngakho. Noma kunjalo, ukusetshenziswa kwabakhamuzi akukhona kakhulu kakhulu: Ihhovisi leZizwe Ezihlangene LamaDakamizwa noBugebengu (UNODC) libeka isilinganiso sonyaka sokubhema komuntu phakathi kwabantu baseCosta Rica phakathi kweminyaka engu-12 no-70 ngamaphesenti owodwa (uma kuqhathaniswa, ukusetshenziswa i-United States ingama-13.7%).
Imithetho Nemithi Yezidakamizwa eGuatemala
Ukuhweba izidakamizwa kuyinkinga enkulu eGuatemala , ewela eMexico kuya enyakatho. Izijeziso zokuhweba izidakamizwa eGuatemala zinzima futhi ziba phakathi kweminyaka engu-10 kuya kwezingama-20 emajele amaningi anesibindi; Izijeziso zokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezilula zivela eminyakeni engu-8 ukuya kweyi-15.
Ngesikhathi i-UNODC ibeka izinga lentengo yansangu phakathi kwabantu baseGuatemala ngo-4.8%, okuyinto elinganiselayo, ingozi ayifanele neze.
Imithetho Nemithi Yezidakamizwa eBelize
I-Belize inezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokusebenzisa inambuzane eMelika Ephakathi; i-UNODC ibeka isilinganiso sonyaka sokusetshenziswa phakathi kwabantu baseBelize ngo-8.5%.
Ezingxenyeni eziningi zezokuvakasha kuleli zwe, isimo sengqondo sokusetshenziswa kwensangu sigodliwe emuva, ngisho nengxenye yenkambiso yendawo. Kodwa-ke, kusalokhu kungemthetho, futhi ukutholakala kungabangela izinhlawulo ezinzima noma ukuboshwa. Ngezidakamizwa ezinzima zokuthola imali emikhulu, izinhlawulo zingaba nzima kakhulu.
Imithetho Yezidakamizwa Nezigwegwe eHonduras
Ukuhweba izidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi i-cocaine, kuyinkinga enkulu e- Honduras futhi ibeka icala lobugebengu obuphezulu kakhulu nokubulala. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ngaphakathi kweHonduras kuyinto ephansi kakhulu - i-UNODC ibeka isilinganiso saminyaka yonke sokubhema phakathi kwabantu baseHonduras ngamaphesenti angu-0.8, isibonelo. Abasolwa ngokuhlukumeza izidakamizwa eHonduras bangalindela izigwebo ezinjengejele futhi izinhlawulo ezinzima.
Imithetho Yezidakamizwa Nezigwegwe ePanama
Uma uhlakaniphile, uzogwema izidakamizwa kuzo zonke izindleko ePanama . Ngenxa yokuthi iPanama iphela eColombia , kuyindlela enkulu yokuhweba izidakamizwa, futhi izwe lithatha izidakamizwa nokusetshenziswa kakhulu. Nakuba ukusetshenziswa kwegciwane likaPanama kulinganiselwe - i-UNODC ibeka isilinganiso saminyaka yonke sokubhema phakathi kwabantu basePanama ku-3.6% - akukho emthethweni, futhi ukutholakala ngisho nemithi encane yezidakamizwa kujeziswa okungenani unyaka ngonyaka ejele. Ngokusho komhlahlandlela wokuhamba ngenyanga, abathengisi bezidakamizwa ngezinye izikhathi babeka izivakashi ezithinta izidakamizwa ngenhloso yokwelapha izidakamizwa, benethemba lokuhlanganyela isifumbathiso nesipolisa esonakele.
Imithetho Nemithi Yezidakamizwa eNicaragua
Ephakathi ngqo phakathi kweCentral America, iNicaragua iphinde ibe phakathi komgwaqo wokusebenzisa izidakamizwa phakathi kweNingizimu Melika ne-United States. Nakuba ukusetshenziswa kwe-marijuana kulinganisela eNicaragua, akukho emthethweni, futhi ukubanjwa ngisho nemali encane kungabangela izinhlawulo ezinzima kanye nemisho yejele - iminyaka engaba ngu-30.
Imithetho Nemithi Yezidakamizwa e-El Salvador
Nakuba i- El Salvador encane, konke ukuthunyelwa komhlaba kwezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni eNingizimu Melika kufanele kudlule i-El Salvador noma i-Honduras endleleni eya eMexico. Ngenxa yalokho, i-El Salvador inezinkinga ezinkulu ngobugebengu obuhlobene nezidakamizwa nobudlova. Izijeziso zokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kanye nefa e-El Salvador ziphakeme.
Ekuvala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi awudingi ukwesaba abadayisi bezidakamizwa besifunda. Ngokuyinhloko, banakekela ibhizinisi labo futhi ngeke bakukhathaze ngaphandle kokuthi ubayeke ukwenza into yabo - 99% yesikhathi, abahambi abaphazamiseki.
> Ehlelwe ngu-Marina K. Villatoro