Iseluleko kanye nolwazi lwabavakashi
Ukulandela ukuhlasela kwamaphekula okonakalisa eParis ngoNovemba 2015 kanye nesenzakalo esincane kakhulu esingaphandle kwesakhiwo se-Louvre Museum esasekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari 2017, iningi labantu abazovakashela enhloko-dolobha yaseFrance bayazibuza ukuthi kuphephile ngempela ukuvakashela ngalesi sikhathi.
Lokhu kuhlaselwa akugcini nje ngokukhathazeka eParis, okulandelayo: Ngemva kokulimala komuzi kaNovemba 2015, omunye waseBrussels ngoMashi 2016 owabulala abantu abangu-32, nokuhlaselwa okunye okunye eNix, eFrance naseBerlin, eJalimane, abavakashi abajikelezayo eYurophu Kuyaqondakala ukuthi uzizwa ushukunyiswe futhi okungaphezu kokuncane okukhathazekile ngokuphepha.
Kodwa njengoba ngichaza ngokuningiliziwe, kusencane isizathu sokukhansela uhambo lwakho noma ukuzizwa ukhathazekile ngokweqile ngokuya eParis.
Noma kunjalo, ukuhlala unolwazi njalo kuyinto efanele ukuyenza. Nakhu ukuthi izivakashi edolobheni zidinga ukwazi ngemuva kokuhlaselwa, kufaka phakathi ulwazi olumeluleki wezokuphepha zamanje kanye nemininingwane yokuhamba, amasevisi, nokuvalwa emzini.
Skrolela phansi ukuthola ulwazi oludingayo , bese ubuyela emuva lapha ukuze uthole izibuyekezo njengoba isimo sishintsha.
Iziphakamiso Zokuphepha Ezisemthethweni: Ama-Embassy Acela Izakhamuzi ukuba "Ziqaphele"
Amazwe amaningi akhuluma isiNgisi akhiphe izincomo zokuhamba ecela izakhamizi zabo ukuba ziqaphile futhi ziqaphele eYurophu emva kokuhlaselwa eBrussels, eParis, Nice nasekuseni nje eBerlin. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi azikho, kodwa, ukululeka ngokuhamba eFrance.
I-Embassy yaseMelika isanda kukhishwa isaziso sokuhamba emhlabeni wonke ngo-September 2016. Nakuba lesi sixwayiso siqaphele ukuthi kungenzeka ukuhlaselwa okungeziwe kusuka ku-ISIS / ISIL eYurophu, isaziso, esingenalo usuku oluphelelwe yisikhathi, kodwa asikwazisi izakhamizi zaseMelika ngokungahambi France noma lonke elaseYurophu.
Kunalokho kusho lokhu okulandelayo:
Ulwazi olubalulekile lubonisa amaqembu amaphekula njenge-ISIL / Da'esh, ne-al-Qaida kanye nalabo ababambisene nabo abaqhubeka nokuhlela ukuhlaselwa eYurophu njengababaleki bezinye izizwe ababuya eSiriya nase-Iraq, kanti abanye abantu bangase bahlaselwe noma baphuthunyiswe inkulumo-ze ye-ISIL. Ngonyaka owedlule abaqedile behlasele eFrance, eBelgium, eJalimane naseTurkey. Iziphathimandla zaseYurophu ziyaqhubeka nokuxwayisa ngokuhlaselwa okungeziwe ezenzakalweni ezinkulu, izindawo zokuvakasha, izindawo zokudlela, izindawo zokuhweba, izindawo zokukhulekela, kanye nomkhakha wokuthutha. Wonke amazwe aseYurophu ahlala esengozini ekuhlaselweni kwezinhlangano zamaphekula ezingezansi kanye nezakhamuzi zase-US ziyanxuswa ukuba ziqaphele lapho zihlala ezindaweni zomphakathi.
- Ukuze uthole iseluleko nolwazi olusha olusuka ku-American Embassy eParis , kufaka phakathi ukuthi ubhalise kanjani ne-Embassy ngenkathi uhlala (kunconyiwe), vakashela iwebhusayithi yabo esemthethweni.
- I-Embassy yaseCanada inikeze iseluleko ngokulandela ukuhlaselwa eParis icela izakhamizi zayo ukuba "ziqaphele kakhulu ngenxa yesongo esiphezulu samaphekula". Bheka leli khasi ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi kanye nezeluleko.
- I-Embassy yase-Australia ikhishwe izixwayiso ezifanayo, njengoba ine-Embassy yase-UK.
Ukuthola i-ambassy yakho noma i-consulate kanye nanoma yiziphi izincomo zokuphepha ezishicilelwe khona, bheka leli khasi.
Ingabe Kuphephile Ukuvakashela Paris Manje? Ingabe Kufanele Ngikhansele Uhambo Lami?
Ukuphepha komuntu kuyindaba enhle kakhulu, kahle, futhi angikwazi ukunikeza iseluleko esinzima futhi esisheshayo ukuthi yiziphi izihambi ezikhathazayo noma ezikhathazayo okufanele zizenze. Kungokwemvelo ukuzwa ukukhathazeka emva kwalezi zenzakalo-sonke sizanyazanyiswa yibo. Akekho othembisayo ukuthi ukuhlaselwa okunye akunakwenzeka. Nginxusa ukuba ucabange la maphuzu ngaphambi kokukhansela uhambo lwakho eParis, kodwa:
Ukuphepha kungenzeka ukuthi kuphakeme kakhulu okwamanje, futhi abalindi bavikela ngokuqapha izindawo ezibucayi.
Naphezu kwalokho ongase ufunde noma ubona * kwezinye izindawo zezindaba zekhebula ezivame ukwethusa, iFrance ithatha ukulondeka kakhulu , futhi izikhulu zithinte ngokuphumelelayo futhi zivimbela ukuhlaselwa okuningi esikhathini esidlule.
Iningi lwakamuva, ngoFebruwari 3 kulo nyaka, umhlaseli ohlomile ngomkhonto uzama ukungena esiteshini sesitolo seCarrousel du Louvre (eceleni komuzi owaziwayo); ngesikhathi amasosha ahlomile emlonyeni enqaba ukumvumela, wabe esegwaza omunye wabalindi, owabulala lo msolwa.
Isosha lalinokulimala kanzima kuphela, kanti umhlaseli washiywa ekugxilweni okubucayi. Azikho izivakashi ezalimala noma zabulawa kulokhu kuhlaselwa. Nakuba lezi zindaba zivele zikhukhumezeke ngokushesha ngezindaba ezihlaselayo mayelana nokuhlaselwa kwamaphekula eParis, cishe kunembile kakhulu ukuyibiza ngokuthi "ukuzama" eyodwa, njengoba abalindi bezempi benza umsebenzi wabo ekuvikeleni izakhiwo kanye nezivakashi zendawo endaweni engozini. I-France, oyibiza ngokuthi "ukuzama ukwenza isenzo sobuphekula", iphinde isaziso esiphezulu, futhi ukuhlaselwa kwakuyisikhumbuzo sokuthi ingozi yokuzama ukuqhubeka enhlokodolobha ingokoqobo.
Kodwa kubalulekile ukuyibeka ngendlela efanele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Paris okwamanje ihamba ngamaphoyisa amaningi namasosha, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi, ezokuthutha zomphakathi, nezindawo ezivakashelwa yizivakashi, ezihlanganisa izikhumbuzo, iminyuziyamu, izimakethe nezindawo ezinkulu zokuthenga. Izinkulungwane zamanye amabutho namaphoyisa asetshenziselwe ukuvikela nokuqapha lezi zindawo.
Izingozi zakho cishe ziphansi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile ngenxa yalezi zinyathelo eziqaphile. Ngesikhathi izikhulu zikahulumeni zivuma ukuthi ezinye izihlasela zingenzeka, zibonisa ukuqapha okukhulu futhi zikwazi ukusebenza ngokusemandleni ukuze zivikele idolobha, izakhamuzi zalo, kanye nezivakashi zalo.
Funda okuhlobene: Indlela Yokuhlala Uphephile eParis: Izincomo Zethu Eziphezulu
Siphila ezweni lezingozi eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi sithatha lezo zingozi njalo.
Njengoba nje ungenakuqinisekisa ukuthi ukungena emotweni yakho ukuhamba kwakho emsebenzini ekuseni ngeke kuholele ukushayeka kwemoto, noma ukuthi ngeke ube yisisulu sokuhlukunyezwa kwesibhamu esitolo esitolo, ukuhamba kuyingozi. . Iqiniso elikhungathekile kakhulu ukuthi ubuphekula buyazi ukuthi kukhona amaphethelo emiphakathini yethu: ukwesaba iParis ngaphezu kwanoma iyiphi enye idolobha elikhulu ukungaqondi ngokuphelele ukuthi amaphekula asebenza kanjani.
Beka izingozi zakho zokuhlaselwa ekuhlaselweni kwamaphekula zibe ngombono onengqondo.
Kubafundi base-US ikakhulukazi, kubalulekile ukubeka izingozi zamanje ezihambisana nokuya eFrance noma lonke elaseYurophu libe umbono. E-US, izibhamu zibulala abantu abangaba ngu-33 000 ngonyaka - uma kuqhathaniswa neFrance, okungenani ibhalisa abangaphansi kuka-2 000 ngonyaka. I-UK, okwamanje, ibhalisa ukufa kwezibhamu ngamakhulu aphansi kuphela ngonyaka.
Iqiniso liwukuthi, ngisho nalapho ucabangela ukuhlaselwa okwesabekayo eParis, yingozi yethu yokuhlaselwa ngesihluku eFrance - nakwezinye izindawo eYurophu - ziphansi kakhulu kunase-US. Ngakho-ke uma kuvamile ukuba uzizwe ungajabule ngokuya endaweni yangaphandle, ukubuyela emuva nokuhlela ukwesaba kwakho ngemigomo ehlelekile kungasiza.
Ukuphila eParis kumele kuqhubeke ... futhi ngaphandle kosizo lwakho, ngeke.
Njengoba idolobha lihamba, i-Paris iyindawo yokuvakasha yezinombolo emhlabeni wonke. Idolobha idinga, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuphulukisa nokubuyisela emuva kulolu buhlungu obubi, kodwa ngaphandle kosizo lwabavakashi abafaka isandla kakhulu emnothweni wezobucayi kanye ne-vibrancy, akunakuphumelela. Njengoba nje iNew York City ibuyele emuva ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kwamaphekula okwenzeka ngo-9 / 11- futhi ngokubonga, ngokubambisana, ukusekelwa kwezivakashi - yilo mbono womlobi ukuthi kubalulekile ukuma ngemuva kweParis futhi ugcine umoya wayo uphila.
Funda okuhlobene: Izizathu Eziphezulu Eziyishumi Zokuvakashela eParis ngo-2017
Inkinga eyingozi nakakhulu kunaleyo esisanda kubona?
Ngomqondo wami, ingozi eyingozi nakakhulu ukubona iParis ilahlekelwa yizo zimfanelo ezithandwa kakhulu: umqondo wokuvuleka, ukulangazela kwengqondo, ukuhlukahluka okungafaniyo, kanye nesiko esikhuthaza ukunambitha umzuzu wamanje kanye nengcebo yayo eminingi.
Idolobha lapho abantu basezindaweni eziningi ezihlukahlukene bephuma emigwaqeni nasemasimini e- cafe , besenza ngenjabulo kanye nesifiso sobunye. Kuyinto yami yokukholwa ukuthi akufanele sikhubazeke ngokwesaba nokwesaba, hleze sinike ukunqoba kwabahlaseli.
Uma ukhathazekile ngokuhamba, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhlehlisa uhambo lwakho kungaba umqondo omuhle , uma ufisa ukuvumela isikhathi esithile sidlule futhi isimo sixazulule. Kodwa futhi, ngeke ngincoma ukukhansela uhambo lwakho ngokuphelele.
Uma useParis, landela noma iziphi izixwayiso zokuphepha ongase uzikhishwe yiziphathimandla encwadini, futhi uhlale uqaphela futhi uqaphe. Vakashela leli khasi e-Paris Tourist Office ukuze uthole izibuyekezo zakamuva ngezincomo zokuphepha.
Ukuhamba kwenye indawo eFrance? U-Mary Anne Evans wase-About.com UFrance Uhambo lune- article enhle kakhulu enikeza iseluleko kubavakashi abavakashela lonke izwe ngemuva kokuhlaselwa. U-Rick Steves, okwamanje, ubhale isihloko esithinta inhliziyo se-Facebook sokuthi kungani kufanele siqhubeke sihamba-futhi singazivumeli ukuba sisongele.
Ukungena ngaphakathi nangaphandle: Izikhumulo zezindiza kanye neziteshi zokuqeqesha
Ukuhamba nokuphuma eFrance kanye nenhloko-dolobha kuhlolwa ngokucophelela ngokuphepha, kodwa iziteshi zezindiza neziteshi zomzila zomhlaba wonke zisebenza ngokujwayelekile.
Izilawuli ezikhungweni zezindiza, iziteshini zezitimela, kanye namaphuzu okuqaliswa kwesikebhe sekuqinisekisiwe kusukela ekuhlaselweni kukaNovemba 2015, ngakho kufanele ulindele ukuthi ingane encane ibambezeleke kakhulu. Amasheya okulawula umgwaqo nawo manje asekhona kuwo wonke amaphuzu wokungena eFrance, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi ukulungele ukuba nama-passports akho alungele.
Ukuhamba kweMetro kanye nomphakathi: Zonke imigodi , ibhasi, kanye nemigqa ye- RER eParis ziqhuba ngokujwayelekile.
Ukuhlaselwa kukaNovemba 2015: Amaqiniso Okuyinhloko
Ngobusuku ngoLwesihlanu, ngoNovemba 13, 2015, abasolwa abayisishiyagalombili abahlomile ngezikhali ezizenzekelayo kanye nezibhamu eziqhumayo babhekene nezindawo eziyisishiyagalombili ezihlukene eParis, babulala abantu abangu-130 futhi balimaza ngaphezu kuka-400, kuhlanganise nabangaphezu kuka-100 ngokucophelela. Izisulu, ikakhulukazi ezincane nezinhlanga ezihlukahlukene, isichotho esivela ezizweni ezingu-12 ezihlukene.
Iningi lezihlaselo ezibulalayo ezibhekiswe ezindaweni ezisempumalanga ezisendaweni ye-10 neyeshumi nantathu yaseParis, kuhlanganise nehholo lekhonsathini iBacaclan, lapho abantu abangaphezu kuka-80 bafa ngaphansi kokuhlaselwa kwesibhamu nokuhlaselwa kwamabhomu, nezindawo zokudlela eziningana nezitolo zokudlela ezizungeze i- Canal St-Martin .
Lokhu kuhlaselwa kwenziwa okwedlula emahhovisi ephephandaba laseCharlie Hebdo lapho amaphekula abulala khona izintatheli nezintatheli eziningana ngoJanuwari 2015. Abanye baye basikisela ukuthi lezi zindawo nezindawo zikhethiwe njengezimpawu ze-cosmopolitanism yaseParis kanye nokuhlukahluka kohlanga; njengezindawo ezibonisa uhlobo lokuzikhethela, isiko lesikhulu esincane sezwe lithathwa ngokuthi "okuphambene" nabenzi bokubi. Eyaziwayo njengenkambiso yamasiko, yenkolo, neyomhlanga kanye nendawo oyintandokazi yokuphila ebusuku , lesi sifundazwe sibe yindawo lapho abantu bezizinda ezihlukahlukene bekhona khona ngokuthula.
Izigameko zahlasela iSite Stade de France esifundeni esiseduze saseSt-Denis phakathi komdlalo webhola / ibhola phakathi kweFrance neJalimane. Kubulawe abathathu abasolwa ngokubulala abantu ngaphandle kwenkundla, kodwa akukho okunye okushonile okwabikwa kuleso site. Futhi, le nkundla ivame ukubhekwa njengobumbano wobunye beFrance ngenxa yamandla wezemidlalo kazwelonke ukuletha ndawonye izakhamuzi zezizinda ezahlukene - ngakho-ke, abanye bathi, kungenzeka ukuthi kuhloswe ngezizathu ezifanayo.
Inhlangano yamaphekula eyaziwa ngendlela efana ne-ISIS, ISIL, noma i-Daesh yafaka umthwalo wokuhlaselwa - umlando obulalayo kakhulu emlandweni waseFrance - ekuseni olulandelayo. Kukholelwa ukuthi abayisishiyagalombili kwabayisishiyagalolunye abasolwa ngokuhlasela, okubandakanya abathathu baseFrance nabaseSyria, babulawa. Umsolwa wesishiyagalolunye, uBelgium Salah Abdeslam, waboshwa eBrussels ngasekupheleni kukaMashi ngemuva kokulandela isizwe samanye amazwe, futhi uhlala esitokisini.
Ngakusasa ngoNovemba 18, amaphoyisa ahlasela indlu ehlala enyakatho yeSynt-Denis , amaphoyisa abopha abasolwa abasolwa ngokuhlaselwa kukaNovemba 13 eParis. Kuboshwe abantu abayisikhombisa esiteshini samaphoyisa ukuzobuza imibuzo, futhi umsolwa wesilisa nowesifazane okhona kule ndlu bafa ngemuva kokuthi kusetshenziswe ibhande eliqhumayo. Omunye umsolwa owabulawa endaweni yesehlakalo uqinisekiswe ngokuthi u-Abdelhamid Abaaoud, uzwe waseBelgium, okukholakala ukuthi nguye owayengumholi ekuhlaselweni, ngokuhambisana ne-ISIS eSiriya.
NgoLwesihlanu, ngoNovemba 20, izikhulu ze-European Union zahlangana eBrussels ngezinkulumo eziphuthumayo ekuvikelekeni kulo lonke elaseYurophu, zifuna ukuthuthukisa kakhulu ukwabelana ngokuhlakanipha kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha emingceleni yangaphandle yezwe ngalinye. Kuboshwe abaningi eBrussels kusukela kuhlaselwa: amaphoyisa athathe abantu abaningana bacabanga ukuthi bahileleke.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olugcwele mayelana nokuhlaselwa kanye nemiphumela yabo , sicela ubheke ukutholakala okuhle kakhulu kumasayithi afana ne-BBC neThe New York Times.
I-Aftermath: Shock and Mourning
Ngemva kobusuku obusabisayo, ukudideka, nokwesaba, abaseParis bavusa ekuseni olulandelayo esimweni sokudabuka nokungaqondakali. UMongameli waseFrance uFrancois Hollande ucele ukuba kube khona izinsuku ezintathu zokulila kwezwe kusukela ngoMgqibelo, ngo-November 14, kanye nefulegi laseFrance elisuka e-Elysées Palace, kanye nakwezinye izindawo enhloko-dolobha.
NgoNovemba 27, 2015, iFrance yabona usuku lokulila kwezwe. Umkhosi wokukhumbula izisulu ezingu-130 zalokhu kuhlaselwa kwaqhutshwa eLes Invalides , owayekade ehlala esibhedlela saseParis. Abantu abangaphezu kuka-1 000 bafika emcimbini, oholwa nguMengameli Hollande namalungu omndeni wabantu abahlukunyeziwe.
Esitatimendeni ngosuku olulandela ukuhlaselwa, u-Hollande wayenakho wababiza ngokuthi "isenzo sokungaboni ngaso sonke isikhathi" futhi wathembisa ukuthi "iFrance izoba nenhlanhla ekuphenduleni kwayo [ISIS]."
Kodwa futhi wabiza ubunye bezwe kanye "nezinhloko ezipholile", ukuxwayisa ngokungahambisani nokuhlukana noma ukuhlukana ngemuva kokuhlaselwa.
"UFrance unamandla, futhi uma elimala, uzovuka futhi. Ngisho noma sisebuhlungu, akukho lutho oluyolibhubhisa," esho. "UFrance unamandla, uqine futhi uzowunqoba lobuhlanga. Umlando usikhumbuza ngalokhu kanye namandla esiwabhekene nawo namuhla ukuba ahlangane asenza sikwazi lokhu."
I-France iye yakhuthaza kakhulu ukuphepha kusukela ekuhlaselweni, ehlanganisa amaphoyisa angaphezu kuka-115 000 namaphoyisa ezempi ukuvikela iParis kanye nayo yonke indawo yaseFrance.
Ukuqothulwa, ukukhumbula, kanye nokuqala komuzi
Amakhandlela ama-candlelight, izimbali, kanye namanothi athile abonisa ukusekela imindeni nabangane bezisulu ezakhelene nomuzi emavikini alandela ukuhlaselwa, kufaka phakathi nemigoqo nezindawo zokudla ezibhekiswe eMpumalanga yeParis nasePaul de la République. Kulesi sikwele esikhulu esaziwayo ngemiboniso yaso emphakathini kanye nemibuthano, iqembu labalaleli lanikezana ngamasonto mahhala ngempelasonto kulandela ukuhlaselwa.
Ekupheleni kukaNovemba walolo nyaka, i-Eiffel Tower yayikhanyiswa ngemibala yefulegi laseFrance - elibomvu, elimhlophe, neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka -kukhumbuza izisulu. Umbhoshongo waseMontparnasse nawo ukhanyiswa ngemibala yefulege ngoMsombuluko ngo-16.
Isiqubulo se-latin sokuthi, "i-Fluctuat Nec Mergitur" - ehunyushwa ngokuthi "Ukuxoshwa, kodwa hhayi ukukhanya" ibamba amabhanana azungeze umuzi, kuhlanganise nase-Place de la République. Iphinde iboniswe kwezinye izingosi zesikhumbuzo.
NgoMsombuluko ngoNovemba ngo-16 ntambama, iFrance yaphawula ngomzuzu owodwa ukukhumbula izisulu zokuhlaselwa. Umzuzu wokuthulisa waphinde wabonakala e-United Kingdom naseduze kweYurophu.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, abantu kanye nohulumeni abavela emazweni omhlaba wonke bakhokhela izinyathelo ezihamba phambili ezihlaselweni zaseParis.
Abaholi bemiphakathi yamaSulumane baseFrance balahla ngokuqinile ukuhlaselwa. Umqondisi we-Grand Mosque yaseParis, uDalil Boubakeur, ucele abafundisi bamazwe baseMoscow ukuba balahle ngokuhlukumezeka ubudlova nazo zonke izinhlobo zobuphekula emisebenzini yabo ezayo. Wabamema ukuba bagcine imithandazo kanye nokuthula okwesikhashana ngoLwesihlanu ngoNovemba 20 ekukhumbuleni izisulu zokuhlaselwa.
Esitatimendeni, ukhulume "ubumbano" kanye "nosizi" lwabahlukumezekile, wathi ulahla ngokuphelele "izenzo ezingenakuthandeka" zamaphekula okuthiwa "wahlukumeza abantu".
Imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka? Shayela Usizo lweSixeko Labavakashi:
Izikhulu zedolobha zivule usizo lokuzinikela lwabavakashi nezivakashi ukubuza imibuzo ehlobene nokuphepha noma ukugcinwa kwempahla: +33 1 45 55 80 000. Opharetha abakhuluma isiNgisi atholakala kulowo mkhakha.
Hlola emuva lapha ukuze uthole izibuyekezo:
Ngizobuyekeza leli khasi ngolwazi olulungiselwe ngokuqondile izivakashi nezivakashi eziphathelene nokuphepha kwabo.