Izindiza Zezindiza EJapane

Isixazululo esikhulu kakhulu samaJapane senkinga enkulu kakhulu yaseJapane

IJapane inezinkinga eziyingqayizivele-kahle, iJapane inezinkinga eziningi eziyingqayizivele, kodwa sizobhekana nomunye namhlanje. Ngokuyinhloko, inendawo evamile enezintambo futhi ngokuvamile i-crazy population population. Futhi nakuba iningi labantu baseJapane ngokuvamile liyehla, kudingeke nokwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda, okuyizindiza. Okufanele ngikwenze?

Isixazululo ngokuqinisekile akufanele sisebenzise amalungelo esiphezulu esizinda, njengoba amazwe afana ne-China ne-India athole ukuhlaziya ukwenza. IJapane yafunda lokhu kanzima eminyakeni engaba ngu-40 eyedlule , ngesikhathi kwakhiwa i-Airport yeNarita eduze neTokyo, manje isakhiwo sezwe esinobudlova emhlabeni wonke. Abalimi basendaweni basalokhu befaka izicelo zabo kwezinye izindawo endaweni yezikhumulo sezindiza, okusho ukuthi okwamanje akukaqedi. Yokunai desu!

I-Japan ingenani idume ngobuchwepheshe bayo njengento enhle, eyinqaba futhi enomnandi, ngakho isu lamazwe aphezulu asithathile akufanele kusimangaze. Basebenzisa inzuzo enkulu ezweni lonke laseJapane-ulwandle olulungeze nxazonke-futhi lazakhela iziteshi zezindiza lapho. Ngempela, ngemva kokwakha iziqhingi ezizimele.

Nakhu ukubuka izindiza zezindiza eziphambili eziseJapane, nezinye izindawo lapho ubuchwepheshe babo busetshenziswe ngempumelelo. Uke wabuyela ngaphesheya kweyodwa yalezi zikhumulo zezindiza?

• 01 ka-06

  I-Osaka-Kansai Airport

  I-Osaka-Kansai International Airport, ekhonza indawo ehlanganisa izivakashi ezinobungane zaseKyoto naseNara, mhlawumbe isikhumbuzo sezindiza esivela kunazo zonke eJapane. Ucabanga ngeminyaka yama-1980 nje nje emva kweNarita Airport debacle , i-Kansai Airport yadingeka iminyaka engaphezu kwesikhombisa yokwakhiwa, i-seawall yama-concrete angu-48,000 ekhonkrete kanye namamitha ayizigidi ezingu-21,000,000 zokuthuthwa komhlaba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ihlala phezu kwamanzi, kodwa ukuthi isiqhingi kungase kuhambisane nokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nezivunguvungu lapho iJapane ilungele khona. Umphumela? Isikhumulo sezindiza esiyisihlanu esinobucayi kunazo zonke kanye nesikhangiso sezindiza eside kunabo bonke emhlabeni, phakathi kwezinye izibhamu.

  Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ubuchwepheshe buye bubukeka bubhekene nezinhlekelele zemvelo, okungukuthi ukuzamazama komhlaba okubhubhisayo okwazamazama kakhulu eKobe ngo-1995. Izindaba ezinhle? Nakuba izinga lokudonsa kokuqala lesikhumulo sezindiza lalingasheshi kakhulu kunokuba abanikazi bezinkampani baqale ukukhokhelwa, kuncipha eminyakeni yamuva.

• 02 ka 06

  I-Nagoya-Centrair Airport

  Nakuba i-Nagoya's Centrair (eyifinyelela "i-Central Japan International Airport") yayiyizikhumulo zezindiza ezintathu eziseJapane (ngaphezulu kwesibili ezinqabeni ezimbalwa), ukuvulwa kwayo ngo-2005 kwakuyi-profile ephezulu kunazo zonke ngemva kwe-Osaka-Kansai, njengoba ikhonza iJapan ephakathi kakhulu ("Chubu") esifundeni saseNagoya. Kusukela ngo-2016, isikhumulo sezindiza sithola indiza eyodwa kuphela ehleliwe eJapane evela eNyakatho Melika ngaphandle kwe-Osaka nezikhumulo zezindiza ezimbili ezikhonza eTokyo: Indiza ye-delta engavumelekile eDetroit.

  Abahlengikazi baseJapane bafunde ngokuphumelelayo nezinselelo ze-Kansai Airport-Centrair Airport bekulokhu kungenakho izinkinga zobunjiniyela ezahlupha umntakwethu omdala, futhi ukwakhiwa kwalo kwakungabizi kakhulu ngenxa yalokho.

• 03 ka 06

  I-Airport ye-Kobe

  Isikhumulo sezindiza saseKobe sasilula nakakhulu kune-Osaka noma iNagoya, nakuba lokhu kuhlangene kakhulu nokuthi ivule iminyaka engu-12 ngemuva kwe-Osaka-Kansai njengoba kwenza ukuthi iKobe isisenqabeni esincane nje kune-Osaka: Sisebenza kuphela ezindaweni ezimbalwa zasekhaya . Ngempela, njengoba uKobe engxenyeni yesifundazwe esikhulu seKhansai, abagibeli bamazwe ngamazwe bagibela inethiwekhi esheshayo yaseJapane enqamula echwebeni eya e-Osaka-Kansai sezindiza.

  Kuhlala kubonakala ukuthi izinga lokuzamazama komhlaba elimangalisayo e-Osaka-Kansai liye laphindaphindiwe e-Kobe Airport. Nakhu ukucabanga ukuthi akudingeki sithole-kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi yisiphi isakhiwo esithantayo esingagwinyeki uma kwenzeka ukuzamazama komhlaba kuka-1995 eKobe!

• 04 ka 06

  Izikhumulo zezindiza ze-Kyushu's Floating

  Isiqhingi saseKyushu sinezikhumulo ezimbili zezindiza ezinamanzi aseJapane: Nagasaki (okuyiyona eyesibili eyakhiwe ngenhla); futhi i-Kitakyushu, ekhonza idolobha eliyiqiniso kuphela le-Japan aficionados-le mhubhe egcwele imbali iyisisekelo sezinkampani eziningi zaseJapopophile.

  I-Nagasaki Airport iyingqayizivele kulolu hlu, ngoba okungenani ingxenye yalesi siqhingi yakhiwa ngaphambi kokuba kwakhiwe. Isikhululo seKitakyushu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, okufana ne-Kobe Airport yavula ngo-2006, yakhiwe esiqhingini esenziwe kusukela ekuqaleni.

  Izikhumulo zezindiza ezinyakazayo zaseKyushu zinezimoto ezincane kakhulu. Isevisi kuphela ehleliwe i-Kitakyushu iTokyo neNagoya, kanti abagibeli eNigeria Airport bangaya emadolobheni angaphandle njengeSeoul noShanghai, ngaphandle kwamadolobha aseJapane.

• 05 ka 06

  Izikhumulo zezindiza ezizayo eziseJapane

  IJapane inezinqwaba zasolwandle esisele, futhi eziningi zezindiza zezwe ezimbi kunazo zonke zisemandleni. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngokukhethekile eTokyo, njengoba kunikezwe iqiniso elibalulwe ngenhla ukuthi i-Narita Airport ayikwazi ukuqedwa ngokugcwele. Ngokuqinisekile, ngenkathi i-Haneda Airport (esiseduze nomuzi) ikhululiwe kakhulu ngaphambi kwe-Olympics ye-2020, kunezilinganiso zokuthi zingakhula kanjani.

  Akumangalisi, uma kunikezwa lolu lwazi, ukuthi iziphakamiso eziningi zezindiza zaseTokyo ezinamanzi (ikakhulukazi "iMegafloat," ezafa ngonyaka ka-2008) ziye zahlongozwa. Lokhu kuzodinga ukuthi kube nobuchwepheshe obuyinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu kunezinye izikhumulo zezindiza kulolu hlu (geography yaseTokyo Bay yenza kube yilapho ithambekele kuma-tsunami), kodwa uma kuziwa eJapane, kubonakala sengathi ayikho intaba ephakeme ngokwanele.

  (Awu, ngaphandle kwemingcele yokwakha isikhumulo sezindiza.)

• 06 ka-06

  Izikhumulo zezindiza ezinamanzi ngaphandle kweJapane

  Ngaphandle kweJapane, isikhumulo sezindiza esiyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke mhlawumbe sezindiza e-Hong Kong International, savula ngo-1998 ukuba sithathe isikhundla se-Hong Kong (kanye nabaqhubi bezindiza, abakhohlisayo). I-Hong Kong ibhekene nezinselelo ezimbalwa zobunjiniyela ngaphezu kwezindiza ze-Kansai, njengoba ithuthukiswe futhi yafunda kubakhi bezindiza ze-Kansai.

  Ngokuqondene nezikhumulo zezindiza ezizungezile ezingaphandle kweJapane, isibhakabhaka ngempela imingcele. Imibono ihanjiswe (i-pun ihloswe kakhulu!) Yezindiza ezindizayo ukuze isebenze izindawo ezinamathempeli ezinjengeNew York naseLondon.

  Eqinisweni, hlola ukuthi: Ulwandle ngumkhawulo. Ngempela, nakuba ngibhekisela kulezi zikhumulo zezindiza njengezindiza zezindiza, "empeleni ziyancipha, ngokuklama kulokho. Uma ukuphakama kwezinga lolwandle kuqhubeka ngesisindo salo samanje, kungase kudingeke sikwazi ukuthuthukisa indlela entsha yezindiza zezindiza!