AmaHaki Kazwelonke eHawaii Aguqula I-Park Service 100th Anniversary

01 ka-06

Amapaki amabili aseHawaii futhi aKubhelela I-100th Anniversary

I-National Park Service izogubha iminyaka engu-100 ngonyaka ka-Agasti 2016 kanti amapaki amabili kazwelonke eHawaii nawo ayogubha iminyaka eyikhulu kulo nyaka.

Zombili iHawaii Volcanoes National Park eHawaii Island neHaleakala National Park eMaui iphenduka ngamakhulu ngo-2016.

Ukuhlonipha lokhu kugubha iminyaka eyikhulu, ake sibheke amapaki ayisishiyagalolunye aseHawaiian Islands National Park Service, izikhumbuzo, izindawo kanye nemigwaqo eHiwaiian Islands.

I-Hawaii Island, isiqhingi esikhulu

I-Hawaii Island inamapaki amathathu, indawo eyodwa nomzila owodwa: I-National Park, i-Kaloko-Honokohau National Historic Park, iPuuhonua o Honaunau National Historic Park, iPhuukohola Heiau National Historic Site kanye ne-Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail.

I-National Park yaseHawaii

Ipaki kazwelonke enkulu kunazo zonke eziqhingini zaseHawaiian, iHawaii Volcanoes National Park ihlanganisa amahektare angama-333,086 aphezulu ukusuka kolwandle kuze kube ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-13 000.

Yona kuphela i-park kaHawaii enezintaba-mlilo ezinamandla-ezimbili zazo, empeleni: i-Kilauea ne-Maunaloa.

I-Kilauea, ongayithatha ingqungquthela ye-lava ngaphansi kwe-lava ngaphansi kwayo, ilokhu iqhubekela phambili kusukela ngo-1983. Ngo-Agasti 2016, ukugeleza kubuye kuphinde kufike olwandle kuvumela imibono emihle kusuka kwelinye lwakhu lolwandle .

Ngaphandle kokubaluleka okungokwemvelo kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nemvelo, leli paki linencazelo ejulile kumasiko aseHawaii njengendawo egcwele izingosi eziningi eziphathelene nemvelo, futhi njengendlu engcwele kaPhele, unkulunkulukazi womlilo waseHawaii. Izinganekwane ziningi sezidingo zikaPele ezibonakala zingenakulinganiswa ukuze zidale futhi zichithe kanyekanye; izici zobuntu bakhe zibonakala ngokucacile kuyo yonke indawo epaki.

I-Mauanaloa (Mauna Loa) yagcina kusukela ngo-Mashi 24 kuya ku-Ephreli 15, 1984, kepha sekudlulele ukuqhuma kwesinye futhi intaba ibilokhu ibonisa izimpawu zomsebenzi eminyakeni yamuva.

02 ka 06

Izindawo eziningi zeHawaii Island National Park

I-Kaloko-Honokohau National Historic Park

Njengokuthi i-showcase yayo engaphezu kuka-1 100 amahektare wesitshalo, isilwane nempilo yasolwandle, kanye ne- heiau (amathempeli) kanye ne- kii pohaku (i-petroglyphs), yayingenakuthola ngokweqile ngokwanele, leli paki elingasogwini kanye nolwandle oluhle kakhulu olwandle lwamamitha amathathu umzila uhlanganisa namachibi amaningi anamanzi anosawoti kanye ne- loko kuapa (ama- seawalls ase- lava) akhiwe ngokudoba izinhlanzi, amaxhaphozi avikelelwe izinyoni zasendle, kanye nendawo engasogwini olwandle olwandle olwandle oluhlaza.

Ukuhamba emagcekeni amhlophe eHonkohau Beach epaki kungase kuhlanganise nokubona okungavamile kwe-monk seal i-sunrays yaseHawaii. Ama-fishponds kaKaloko-Honokohau, i-Aimakapa neKaloko, futhi abuyiselwe loko kuapa kubonisa ukuthi ubuciko bezobunjiniyela baseHawaii bokuqala abaxazulula lolu daba olusenyakatho, olusenyakatho enyakatho yeKona, bathola ukudla kanye nomphakathi.

IPuuhonua o Honaunau National Historic Park

Ukubonakalisa igama layo lesiHawaii, elihunyushwa ngesiNgisi ngokuthi "indawo yokuphephela kweHonaunau," iPuuhonua o Honaunau yanikeza indawo engcwele futhi ivikeleke ababaleki abaphula uhlelo lokuqala lwe- kapu lwemithetho engcwele yaseHawaii, nabantu ababalekela ukujeziswa kokufa noma ukulimala.

Ngesinye isikhathi ngaphakathi kwezindonga zokuphephela kolwandle e-Honaunau Bay futhi zanikezwa abafundisi bayo, bonke babekhululekile ukubuyela emphakathini, bevikelwe yi mana (amandla angokomoya) angi ( amakhosi) angcwatshwa e-puuhonua ababengumbumbulu njengonkulunkulu bokuvikela.

Namuhla, indawo ephambili ye-Kona Coast ye-420-acre engaseningizimu igcina indawo engcwele yendawo, ama-fishpond kanye nesigcawu sesigodlo sayo sobukhosi, kanye nezindawo zokudoba eziseKiilae, ezinikeze umbono weHawaii wangaphambili.

03 ka 06

Izindawo eziningi zeHawaii Island National Park

I-Puukohola Heiau National Historic Site

Izivakashi kulethempeli elikhulu, enye yezakhiwo ezinkulu nezokugcina zangaphambi kokuxhumana ezakhiwe eHawaii, zinikezwa ngokushesha ukuboniswa kwezimiso zeNkosi Kamehameha the Great futhi ukuhlakanipha kolwazi lokuqala uHawaiian yokwakha.

Ukwakhiwa kwe-heiau kwaqala ngo-1790 ngomyalo ovela kuKamehameha the Great, ofuna ukuhlonipha unkulunkulu wempi yomkhaya wakhe u-Kukailimoku futhi uqaphele ukuthi ukugcwaliswa kwethempeli kwakuzoholela ekuhlanganiseni naseHlailand Islands Islands.

I-heiau, ephakeme ngamamitha angu-16 kuya kwangu-20 ngamasonga angamatshe angama-16 kuya kwangu-20, yaqedwa phakathi nonyaka ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa komquba.

I-Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail

Izinyathelo zezivakashi zanamuhla ezihamba nge-Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail zilandela ukuhamba kwansuku zonke kwabaseHawaii bokuqala ababezisebenzisa ukuhamba phakathi kweziqhingi. Ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angaba ngu-175, umzila ulandelela uhlelo olusogwini olusuka enyakatho yeHawaii, e-Big Island, eningizimu ngaseKhohala naseKona Coast kanye nasenyakatho ye-Ka Lae, emngceleni osempumalanga weHavii Volcano National Park .

Ngesikhathi ingakabuyiselwa endleleni eqhubekayo, izingxenye ze-Ala Kahakai zifinyeleleka emphakathini kusukela e-Anaehoomalu Bay, e-Puukohola Heiau National Historic Site naseKaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park. Izingxenye zomzila zingatholakala nakwezinye izindawo ezivela emuva kweHawaii Volcanoes National Park, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nezingozi mayelana nesimo sezulu nesimo se-trail, nezindawo zokuhamba, ngaphambi kokuhamba.

04 ka 06

Izindawo ze-Oahu National Park Service

Isiqhingi sase-Oahu sinamakhempeli amabili kazwelonke: i-World War II Valor eSikhumbuzweni sePacific National kanye neSikhumbuzo Sezwe Sase-Honouliuli.

Impi Yezwe II Isimemezelo eSikhumbuzweni sePacific National

Eminyakeni engu-75 kusukela ngo-Dec 7, 1941, ukuhlaselwa kwesisekelo sawo samanzi ase-US esasungula uMelika eMpini Yezwe II, intaba yemvelo kanye nechweba lasePearl Harbor liye laba yindawo yokucabanga ngokucindezelayo izindleko zabantu zempi kanye neningi labantu ukubekezelela ithemba lezwe elinokuthula.

I-World War II Isivalo esivumelwaneni sePacific National ePearl Harbour sisekhaya le-USS Arizona Memorial - okufaka phakathi kwesigaba se-wargey sunken - izingcaphuno ze-USS Utah ne-USS Oklahoma , nezinye izingosi ze-Ford Island ne-harbor owayengumjaho wamabutho ahlobene nokuhlasela.

Izingosi zomhlanganyeli eziya ekhoneni le-NPS, eziqoqelwe njengezindawo ze-Pearl Harbor Historic Sites, zihlanganisa i-Battleship Missouri Memorial, i-USS Bowfin Submarine Museum & Park, ne-Pacific Aviation Museum.

Iningi lomkhumbi - ekuqaleni lanikeza amagama aseHawaii uPuuloa ("intaba ende") neWai Momi ("amanzi eparele") - isalokhu isisisekelo se-US Navy ne-Air Force base, manje esaziwa ngokuthi i-Joint Base Pearl Harbour-Hickam.

Isikhumbuzo seSizwe se-Honouliuli

Nakuba kungakaze kuvulekele umphakathi, isayithi elilawulwa yi-National Park Service eliyiHawaii lihlose ukugcina uphawu oluphawulekayo lwangesikhathi esidlule saseMelika ukuthi ngenkathi kube mnyama futhi lubuhlungu, kufanele sikhunjulwe nolwazi ngezizukulwane ezizayo.

Wakhelwe isikhumbuzo sikazwelonke uMongameli uBarack Obama ngoFebhuwari 2015, u-Honouliuli kwakuyisizinda esikhulu kunazo zonke kunazo zonke eNkathi Yezwe iMpi Yezizwe II.

Ngaphezulu kweminyaka emithathu yokusebenza, kusukela ngo-1943 kuya ku-1946, i-Honouliuli Internment Camp yabamba abantu abangaba ngu-4 000 baseJapan, baseKorea, base-Okinawan, baseTaiwan, baseJalimane nabase-Italy njengeziboshwa zempi.

Abaningi ababoshiwe basezakhamuzi zaseJawai-Amerika baseHawaii, abahlala e-Honouliuli ngenkathi balindele ukudluliselwa emakamu okuthunjwa ase-US Mainland. Uma ivula, iSikhumbuzo seNational Honouliuli National izoba nomlando we-internment, umthetho wezempi kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kweziboshwa zempi eHawaii phakathi neMpi Yezwe II.

05 ka 06

Indawo ye-Maui National Park Service

Isiqhingi saseMaui sihlala epaki elilodwa lezwe, eHaleakala National Park.

I-Haleakala National Park

I-landscape ye-volcanic iyingqayizivele njengayingcwele; U-Haleakala ucebile ngezindaba zokuqala kwesiko saseHawaii kanye nesibopho esiphakathi kwezwe (land) kanye ne- kanaka maoli (abaHawaii bomdabu).

Okokuqala ugqoke izinyathelo zezinzalamizi, izivakashi ezihamba ngezinyawo ezihamba ngezindawo ezihamba ngezindawo ezihlukahlukene - ama-rainforests abomvu, ama-red cinder dessert nezindawo eziphakeme eziphakeme zehlathi, phakathi kwabo - usuku olusheshayo nolunye ubusuku olubalekela ezweni lemvelo.

Ukubamba ukushisa kwelanga eliseduze-okuhlale kuphefumula (nokushona kwelanga) kusukela enkulumweni yokuphakama kwe-volcano kaHaleakala-10,023-foot - ukuphakama okuphezulu kukaMaui-konke kungumkhuba wokuhamba kwabavakashi beziqhingi zokuqala.

Kuhlanganisa amahektare angaba ngu-33 200, kusukela emphakathini wezinga elwandle laseKaupo ohlangothini olusenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Maui oluseningizimu-ntshonalanga kuya emgodini we-volcano's windswept, i-Haleakala National Park, njengezindawo eziningi ze-NPS ezinkulu, imivuzo ephindaphinda izivakashi. NjengeNPS, ipaki nayo igubha usuku lokuzalwa lwayo lwangama-100 kulonyaka.

06 ka-06

Indawo yakwaMoka`i National Park Service

Isiqhingi saseMoloka`i sinendawo yepaki eyodwa: i-Kalaupapa National Historical Park.

I-Kalaupapa National Historical Park

Sekudlule iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu isayithi lokuhlala iziguli eziphethwe yi-Hansen's (leprosy), isiqhingi saseKalaupapa esikude, esibucayi manje sihlonipha ukukhuthazela komoya wesintu futhi sikhumbuza izivakashi isahluko esibuhlungu emlandweni waseHawaii.

NgoJanuwari 1866, iziguli eziyishumi nambili zikaHenen's ezidutshulwa emindenini yazo, zahlukaniswa emphakathini, zathunyelwa eKalaupapa, zaxoshwa yisenzo sombuso saseHawaii esanda kusungulwa esidinga ukuhlukaniswa kwabo bonke ababethelwe yisifo esingenakuphulukiswa nesifo esithathelwanayo.

Ngokwesenzo sika-1969 sokuqedwa, iziguli ezingaphezu kwezingu-8 000 zaphoqelelwa ukuba zithuthele eKalaupapa, eziqhelelene nezwe olwandle olwandle olwandle olwandle nolwandle oluzungezile olungama-3 000-foot.

Iziguli ezimbalwa zihlala, ngokuzikhethela, eKalaupapa, okufinyeleleka kuphela nge-mule ride noma ukuhamba ngezinyawo ezihlahleni zayo zasolwandle ezinamandla, noma ngezindiza ezithinta phansi i-airstrip encane yokuhlala.

Ukungena kwepaki kunomkhawulo kuzivakashi eziyi-100 nsuku zonke futhi konke ukuvakashelwa kumele kulungiselelwe. Ithuba lokufunda ngomlando wokuhlala kanye nabahlali, kanye nemvelo yemvelo eyakha i-peninsula ebonakalayo, kodwa kufanelekile.