Izivunguvungu ezivame ukuqhuma iSouth-mpumalanga Asia ngenkathi yemvula zivela ePacific Ocean ngaphambi kokuba zihambele entshonalanga. Ngokungeziwe kwamanzi afudumele, imimoya evumayo, nomswakama, ukuduma kwemvula kungakhula ngamandla ukuze kube yi-typhoon.
Akuzona zonke iziphepho ezishisayo ezishisayo. Eqinisweni, igama elithi "isivunguvungu" kuphela igama lesifunda lendawo ethile yesiphepho esihlasela enyakatho-ntshonalanga yePacific Ocean. (Lokho kuhle kakhulu eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.)
Iziphepho ezinezici ezifanayo, kodwa zishaya ezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, hamba ngamagama ahlukene: isivunguvungu ngeziphepho ezithinta i-Atlantic ne-Northeast Pacific; kanye nesiphepho sezishisayo ezithinta iziphepho ezithinta i-Indian Ocean neSouth Pacific.
Ngokusho kwe-NOAA, "isiphepho" sikhombisa ukwedlulela okukhulu kwesigcawu sesiphepho: noma yisiphi isiphepho esifanele ukubiza isiphepho kumele sibe nemimoya engaphezu kwama-33 m / s (74 mph).
Ngabe iSiphepho sesiphepho?
Ukukhuluma ngesikhwama "sezinkathi" zesiphepho kungesilungile. Nakuba iningi lama-typhoons likhula ngokuqinile phakathi kukaMeyi no-Okthoba, iziphepho zingenzeka noma nini ngonyaka.
Isivunguvungu esikhulu sasePhilippines ememori yamuva, Isivunguvungu Yolanda (Haiyan), senze ukulimala ngasekupheleni kuka-2013, kubangele ukufa kuka-6 300 kanye nokulinganiselwa ku-$ 2.05 billion.
Yiziphi Amazwe Athintekayo Ngamavunguvungu?
Ezinye zezindawo zokuvakasha ezihamba phambili kakhulu ezaseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia nazo zingasengozini enkulu yokulimala komkhuhlane.
Izindawo eziseduze nolwandle futhi ezithintekayo ezingqalasizinda noma ezingakhiwa phansi kufanele ziphose amaflegi amakhulu abomvu ngesikhathi sezulu. Lezi zenzakalo ezibangelwa ukuqhuma kwezikhukhula zingenza ukuphoqa ngezinhlelo zakho zokuhamba:
- Imimoya ephezulu: Imimoya engaphezu kwama-70kph ingahamba nophahla; imimoya enamandla kakhulu inganqothula izakhiwo ezinamaqabunga namabhodi amabhodi. Izinto ezihamba ngezinyawo zingabulala abahamba ngezinyawo abangenakubheka.
- I-Storm surges: Izivunguvungu ziyingozi kakhulu ezindaweni eziseduze nolwandle, njengoba kuvame ukuqhuma ngezikhathi ezinjengeziphepho ezinjalo. Lezi zigodi eziphakeme ziyakwazi ukukhukhula emigwaqeni futhi zichithe izakhiwo ezinomphefumulo (lezi zinambuzane ziyafana, kodwa zihluke ngokuphelele, tsunami ).
- Ukuqhekeka komhlaba: Izivunguvungu ziletha imvula yokushayela, engangandisa ingozi yokugubha ezindaweni ezintaba noma eziqhakazile. Uma imvula engaphezulu kuka-100mm iwile endaweni engcupheni, sekuyisikhathi sokucabangela ukuphuma.
- Ukuhamba okukhawulelwe: Izindiza zezindiza nemigwaqo yebhasi (futhi) ingavimba uma kwenzeka isiphepho. Ngemuva kokudlula kwesikhukhula, imfucumfucu ingavimbela amathrekhi esitimela noma imigwaqo, ikuvimbele ukuba ungene endaweni ngezindawo.
- Ukubhujiswa kwemvelo: Izakhiwo zomhlaba, izakhiwo ezithintekayo, ukuguqulwa kwezihlahla, nokunye okunjalo kungabonisa indlela yesiphepho. Ukufa, futhi-nakuba ukulandelela i-satellites kanye nezinhlelo zokuxwayisa zakuqala kwenza ingxenye yabo ekuqedeni indlela yokuqothulwa kwezidakamizwa ezingase zibe izisulu, okunciphisa ukubalwa komzimba.
Akuwona wonke amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia aphethwe yizivunguvungu. Amazwe anezindawo zomhlaba eziseduze ne-equator-e-Indonesia, eMalaysia naseSingapore-anesimo sezulu esishisayo esingazitholi izintaba ezinkulu nezigodi.
Amazwe akuleli lonke elaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia-ePhilippines, eVietnam, eCambodia, eThailand naseLaos-awanalo inhlanhla.
Lapho isiqhwaga sihlasela, la mazwe alala ngokuqondile ngendlela eyingozi. Ngenhlanhla, lawa mazwe abuye alandele ngokuqhubekayo ukuqhuma kweziphepho, ngakho-ke izivakashi zivame ukuthola isixwayiso esanele kumsakazo, i-TV, kanye nezindawo zikahulumeni zesimo sezulu.
IPhilippines ngokuvamile iyimithi yokuqala yokushaywa kwezivunguvungu, ngokuba yizwe elingasempumalanga ekhanda lomkhuhlane.
I-Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) yi-ejensi kahulumeni okumele ilandele futhi ibike ukuqhubekela phambili kwama-tropical tropical pass through the area of ​​responsibility. Abavakashi basePhilippines bangabamba izibuyekezo eziteshini eziyinhloko ze-TV noma kwi-website yabo ye- "Project Noah".
IPhilippines ilandela isimiso sayo sokuqamba ama-typhoons, okungabangela ukudideka okuthile: Isivunguvungu "Haiyan" emhlabeni wonke siyaziwa ngokuthi yisiphepho "Yolanda" kuleli zwe.
UVietnam ulandelela ukungena kwamadwala ensimini yabo ngeNational Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting, eqhuba lesi siza solimi lwesiNgisi ukuthi sibike inqubekelaphambili ye-typhoon.
Isevisi kaCambodia yeMithombo Yamanzi kanye neMeteorology iqhuba isiNgisi solimi lwesiCambodia METEO ukuvuselela izivakashi ngeziphepho ezithinta izwe.
I-Hong Kong isondelene kakhulu ne-Southeast Asia ukuze ithinteke yizikhukhula eziningi ezingena esifundeni ; iHong Kong Observatory isayithi ukuhamba kwe-cyclone.
Yini Engingayenza Ngomcimbi Wesivunguvungu?
Amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia abathinteka yizivunguvungu ngokuvamile abe nesistimu ekhona yokubhekana nezivunguvungu ezizayo. Lapho ezweni elinjalo, landela noma yimaphi ama-oda wokuphuma ngaphandle kokungabaza - kungase kusindise impilo yakho.
Qaphela izixwayiso. Iziphepho zinomusa owodwa oyisindisa: zilandelwa kalula yi-satellite. Izixwayiso zesiphepho zingase zikhishwe yizinhlaka zikahulumeni zokubuka i-watchdog phakathi kwamahora angu-24 kuya kwangu-48 ngaphambi kokuba isiphepho sihlele ukwenza indawo.
Gcina izindlebe zakho zivulekile, njengoba izixwayiso ze-typhoon zizosakazwa ngokusakazwa kumsakazo noma ku-TV. Ukudla kwe-Asia kwe-CNN, i-BBC kanye nezinye iziteshi zekhebula zezindaba zinganikezela imibiko ekhishwayo kuze kube yimanje ngeziqhumane ezizayo.
Paka ngokucophelela. Imimoya esindayo nemvula enezivunguvungu zifuna ukuthi ulethe izingubo ezingakwazi ukumelana nesimo sezulu esibi , njengezikebhe zomoya. Letha izikhwama zepulasitiki nezinye iziqukathi ezingamanzi ukugcina imibhalo ebalulekile kanye nezingubo zomile.
Hlala endlini. Kuyingozi ukuhlala evulekile ngesikhathi se-typhoon. Amabhodi amabhodi angavimbela indlela, noma awele ngqo emotweni yakho. Izinjongo ezithunyelwe ezindiza ngezinkanyezi zingase zilimale noma zikubulale ngokuqondile. Futhi izintambo zikagesi zingase zibaleke mahhala kusuka phezulu, zikhiphe amandla okungaqapheli. Hlala endlini endaweni ephephile ngenkathi isivunguvungu siphelile.
Yenza amalungiselelo okuphumula. Ingabe ihhotela lakho, indawo yokuhlala noma indawo yokuhlala eqinile ngokwanele ukulwa nesiphepho? Cabanga ngokulandela abantu bakuleli esikhungweni esivele sikhishwa uma impendulo kulokho "cha".