Iminyaka Engu-800 Yomlando Wobukhosi waseFrance kule Nqabazane Enhle
I-château enkulu yokugembula yaseFistainebleau ibone amakhulu eminyaka ayisishiyagalolunye wokuphatha ubukhosi. Eyasungulwa ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-12 leminyaka, eyenziwe kahle kakhulu ngekhulu le-15 nele- 16 leminyaka nguFrançois I, futhi othandekayo nguNapoleon Bonaparte, lesi sakhiwo esihle kakhulu sisezinhliziyweni zencwadi yesiFulentshi.
Ukubeka Ihlathi
Ihlathi laseFistainebleau laliyisisekelo esiseduzane sokuzingela eParis emakhosini amaFrance asekuqaleni kanye nabanini bawo.
Ngo-1137 kwakhiwa ukugcina okukhulu futhi emashumini ambalwa eminyaka kamuva, uMbhishobhi omkhulu waseNgilandi uThomas Becket, ekuthunjweni kweNkosi yaseNgilandi, wangcwelisa isonto.
I-Fontainebleau Yaba I-Royal Palace
Kwaze kwaba yikhulu le-15 leminyaka uBoutainebleau waba yindawo yokuhlala yobukhosi. UFrançois I (1494-1547) waqala le nqubo, esebenzisa abaculi baseNtaliyane ukuguqula le ndawo kusukela ekuzingeleni indawo yokunethezeka lapho izakhiwo zaseYurophu ezinjengeCharles V, uMbusi Ongcwele oyiRoma, zamukelwa khona. I-Fontainebleau yaba yinhliziyo yobuFulentshi, indawo yokuzalwa nokufa kwamakhosi aseFrance, ngenxa yokuqhaqha iziqephu zokwenza imibhangqwana enomdlandla enenzuzo, ngokuhlela izimpi nokuthungula ukuthula.
I-Fontainebleau yakhula phakathi namakhulu eminyaka njengoba izindlu zikahulumeni zengeziwe, imigodi yakhiwa, nezingadi zitshalwe. Lapho uNapoleon Bonaparte esungula umbuso wakhe, wakhetha uFistainebleau njengendawo yokuhlala ayithandayo, ebiza ngokuthi 'ikhaya langempela leNkosi' nendlu 'yamakhulu eminyaka'.
Wabuye walungisa izindawo zokuhlala zasekhaya futhi wahlala lapho ezinsukwini zokugcina zokubusa kwakhe ngaphambi kokuba atholakale ngo-Ephreli 6 th , 1814. Okubonayo namuhla kunjengoba ashiye leli château.
Amaphuzu Avelele Ukuvakashela e-Fontainebleau Château
Kuningi okumele ubone emkhathini onamamitha angu-1500 futhi unikeze umlando wezakhiwo zaseFrance kusukela kuma-12 kuya kwekhulu le-19.
Nakhu okuvelele okumelwe ubone, ukuqala ngezinyathelo ezinamahhashi ezinjengezintambo zangaphandle ezikhazimulayo.
Amakamelo Omkhulu Omkhulu Namancane
Esitezi lesishiyagalombili, izindlu zasebukhosini zihamba njengezimakamelo ezixhunyanisiwe, zihlukaniswe njengezindlini zeNkosi nezindlu zeNdlovukazi. Amakamelo avulekile, agcwele ifenisha enkulu, ama-tapestries ukugcina amakhaza phakathi nenkathi yokuzingela ebusika, imisebenzi yobuciko nemibhede yombuso omkhulu.
UFrançois Nganginombono omkhulu kulezi zindawo ezibucayi, ukwakha igalari ekuqaleni kwakuhloselwe ukusetshenziswa kwangasese futhi wangena kuphela ngesihluthulelo inkosi eyayigqoke entanyeni yakhe. AmaFrescoes aqoshiwe, avela ngo-1536 kuya phambili, afaka izindonga. Umnyango olandelayo yikamelo lendoda yenkosikazi yakhe, uDuchess d'Etampes, elihlotshiswe kahle ngezigcawu zokuxhaphazwa kuka-Alexander the Great. I-ballroom igcwalisa amakamelo akhazimulayo, iphinde ihlanganiswe ngamafresco futhi yenza ikamelo elihle lamabhola ahlaba umxhwele izivakashi zasebukhosini.
I- Petits Apartments esiteji esingaphansi yilapho isondelene kakhulu, eyakhiwa uLouis XV njengamahhovisi asetshenziswa nguNapoleon noJosephine.
Boudoirs ka Marie-Antoinette
ULouis XVI wakha izindlu ezimbili ezikhethekile zokuthatha umhlalaphansi wendlovukazi yakhe u-Marie-Antoinette njengesipho. I-boudoir esitezi sokuqala iyingqayizivele, ihlotshwe ngesitayela saseTurkey ngaleso sikhathi okwakungumdwebo omkhulu wokuhlobisa.
Ama-turbans, ama-burner empepho, izintambo zamaparele nezinyanga zemifino zigcwalisa igumbi. Ngezansi igumbi lokulala lesiliva, elikhazimulayo ngezingxenye ezingu-18 zefenisha eziboshwe nge-mother-of-pearl.
UMadame de Maintenon , owesifazane wesibili u-Louis XIV, naye wayenendlu yakhe, ehlotshiswe ngefenisha enhle ye-17 neye-18 yekhulu le-18.
I-Papal Apartment
Ngemuva kwezindlu zokubusa, lokho kwaPapa kwakubaluleke kakhulu. Yadalwa ngo-1804 ngoPius VII owavakashela lowo nyaka futhi kamuva ngo-1812. I-decor is ingxube ephawulekayo yefenisha ye-19 ephezulu, ekhethwe nguNapoleon III no-Eugénie.
Indlu yezindwendwe zikaNapoleon III
U-Napoleon III no-Eugénie baletha zonke izindlela zakamuva, isitayela kanye nenduduzo engama-19 e-Fontainebleau ngenkathi edala izindlu zezindwendwe eziningi kanye nabama-hangers-ku-ngubani ohlangene lapha.
Amakamelo agqamile kunanoma iyiphi enye i-château, enephepha elimnandi le-blue-flowered wallpaper kanye nelineni yembhedeni nayo yonke idokhumenti. I-Fontainbleau iyindawo yokuhlala enhle kunazo zonke kunezinye izintandokazi, idolobha elincane kakhulu eCompiegne.
Izigcawu zeNkantolo
Abadayisi ababehlala bezungezile inkosi babuthana emaphepheni amathathu, bebheke phansi amakamelo amade futhi bahlonipha izinkuni, imidwebo kanye nama-tapestries. Omkhulu kunabo bonke iFrançois I Gallery , eyakhiwe ngama-1520s kanye nemodeli yezemibukiso yangemva kwesikhathi njenge-Apollo Gallery eLouvre (ngemuva kwe-1661) kanye neHholo lama-Mirrors eVersailles (ngemuva kwe-1678). Ebusuku, izivakashi zazithokozisa enkundleni yaseshashalazini yeNapoleon III, yavulwa ngo-1857 futhi yaphefumulelwa yi-Opéra Royal eVersailles eyakhelwe.
The Museums
Ngo-1863 i-Empress Eugénie yakha i- Chinese museum ukuba iqoqe iqoqo layo elimangalisayo lempahla evela eMpumalanga Ekude, eyatholakala emisebenzini ephangiwe ngesikhathi seRevolution, bese kuthi ngemva kwesikhathi isigodlo sasehlobo saseBeijing ngamabutho aseFrance naseBrithani ngo-1860.
Kunezinye ezinye iminyuziyamu ezingu-3, ezakhiwe emashumini ambalwa edlule. I-Napoleon I Museum igcina ubuciko, ifenisha, izingubo kanye nezinye kusukela ngesikhathi sikaBonaparte, phakathi kuka-1804 no-1815.
Igalari Yokudweba yenziwa ngo-1998 ngemidwebo yamafutha ethathwe ezindlini zangasese, enemisebenzi eminingi evela eLouvre.
Abalandeli befenisha kufanele bavakashele igalari yakamuva kakhulu, i- Furniture Gallery , abazinikezele ngefenisha ye-18 neye-19 yekhulu leminyaka, ubuciko kanye nezindwangu.
Amakhodi kanye nezitadi
I-château idonsa amagceke amane amakhulu, ezinye zangaphakathi, ezinye zibuka phezu kwetshani nasemachibi.
Kunezivande ezintathu ezinhle kakhulu. I-Grand Parterre iyinsidi enkulu kunazo zonke eYurophu, eyakhiwe yi-gardener edumile yase-landscape u-André Le Nôtre noLouis Le Vau ngoLouis XIV. Kukhona amanzi anezifanekiselo ezithokozelayo, izivande zemifino kanye nolwandle lwe-ornamental.
I-Jardin English (English Garden) inikeza indawo yokuthula, ukuvusa amapaki okugcoba amakhaya aseNgilandi. Ugcwele izihlahla ezingavamile nezifanekiso futhi unomfula ogijima phakathi. Insimu kaDiana wayeyinsimu yangasese yenkosikazi. Namuhla kuyinsidi ehlelekile enomthombo okhishwe ngesimo sikaDiana, u-Goddess of Hunting.
I-Park ihlinzeka nge-vista emangalisayo esuka ematheni ensimbi, ehamba phansi emgwaqeni we-17 th- century ehambisana nezihlahla ezivuthiwe.
Fontainebleau Château
Fontainebleau
Seine-et-Marne
Ucingo: 00 33 (0) 1 60 71 50 70
Iwebhusayithi
I-Château ivuliwe ngoLwesithathu ngoMsombuluko u-Oct-Mar 9.30am-5pm; Apr-Sep 9.30am-6pm
Kuvaliwe ngomhla ka-Jan 1, Meyi 1, Dec 25
I-Courtyard ne-Gardens zivulekile nsuku zonke Nov-Feb 9 am-5pm, Mar, Apr & Oct 9 am-6pm, ngoMeyi-Sept 9 ekuseni ngo-7pm
Ukwamukelwa Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole amanani wokungena
Indlela Yokufinyelela ku-Fontainebleau
I-Fontainebleau iphakathi nendawo ehle kakhulu eFistainebleau Forest, eningizimu empumalanga yeParis.
Ngemoto: Thatha i-A6 eParis (Porte d'Orléans noma i-Porte d'Italie), bese usuka e-Fontainebleau. Landela izimpawu ze Fontainebleau, bese ulandela izimpawu ze "château".
Ngesitimela: Kusuka eParis Gare de Lyon (umugqa omkhulu), thatha isitimela seMontargis Sens, eMontereau noma eLaroche-Migennes. Hamba esiteshini sasePistainebleau-Avon, bese uthatha u-'Ligne 1 'ibhasi uqondisa uLes Lilas, uhambe esiteshini sika' Château '.
Isevisi yeParis / Vaux-le-vicomte / Fontainebleau Shuttle
I-Parivision igijimela isevisi ye-shuttle evamile phakathi kwePistainebleau neParis, isuka ku-214 rue de Rivoli.
Ucingo: 00 33 (0) 1 42 60 30 01
Iwebhusayithi
I-Chateaux emibili ngosuku olulodwa
I-Fontainebleau iseduze kakhulu ne- Vaux-le-Vicomte enhle kakhulu. Ungenza kokubili kahle ngosuku olulodwa. Bhala uhambo lapha.