I-Moais, i-rongo rongo ne-BirdMan
I-Easter Island, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Rapa Nui ne-Isla de Pascua, iyindlela ende kusuka kuphi. I-Pitoote i-Hanua , okusho ukuthi "I-Navel of the World" iyisiqhingi esikude kakhulu esakhiwe emhlabeni, esingaba ngu-2000 miles (3200km) ukusuka eChile naseTahiti, kuze kube yilapho i-Mataveri International Airport yakhiwa ngawo-1960, ukufika lapho kuphela ngomkhumbi.
Yile ndlela isiqhingi "esitholakale" yiDashi ngo-1772, lapho u-Admiral Jacob Roggeween efika lapho ngeSonto likaPhasika futhi wanikeza lesi siqhingi igama elingelona igama.
Wayengowokuqala waseYurophu ukuchaza izithombe ezingavamile eziqoshwe edwaleni le-volcanic eRano Raraku. Njengoba iphakeme njengo-18 ft (5.5 m) futhi isilinganisa amathani amaningi, lezi zithombe ziyaziwa ngokuthi i- moai , futhi yilowo nalowo yizithombe zomfanekiso ofanayo, mhlawumbe unkulunkulu noma isidalwa esenganekwane, noma isibalo sokhokho. Le Tour Tour of the Ruins izokunikeza umbono wokuthi Roggeween kanye nabasebenzi bakhe babona. I- moais ilandelana eduze kolwandle, (bona ibalazwe ) abambalwa ababheke olwandle njengabathumeli noma abaqaphi abantu baseRapa Nui, kodwa iningi libheke ngaphakathi, njengokungathi libheke umsebenzi walo siqhingi. Kwakukhona izithombe eziningi ezengeziwe zokuphakama nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene bokuqedwa emithambekeni ye-volcano.
I-Admiral ichaze umhlaba ohlwanyelwe kanye nezinkuni kanye ne- moais oyothola e-Easter Island ngo-3 Ubukhulu. Walinganisa ukuthi abantu bangaphezu kuka-10 000. Lapho ukuvakashelwa okuphumelelayo kwezinguNgisi, eSpain naseFrance kwavakashela lesi siqhingi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, bathola inani elincanyana kakhulu, iningi le- moais eliqothule futhi elincanyana kakhulu lapho kulinywa.
I-Whalers yenza lesi siqhingi siqine, futhi kamuva abadayisi bezinceku bathatha abantu base-1000 futhi babayisa ukuba basebenze iziqhingi zaseGuano ngasogwini lwasePeru ngo-1862. Kulabo abangu-100 abasinda, abangu-15 babuyela eRapa Nui ngesifo sezinambuzane. Isibalo sabakwa-1881 sibalwa ngaphansi kwabantu abangama-200.
I-Chile yahlanganisa isiqhingi ngo-1888 phakathi nenkathi yokwanda ngemva kweMpi yasePacific eyasusa ukufinyelela eBolivia ePacific.
Kuze kube ngu-1950 i-Compañia Exploradora de la Isla de Pascua (i-CEDIP)) kwakuyinhlangano ebusayo, njengengalo yebhizinisi lase-Anglo-Chile. Urhulumende waseChileya wanciphisa ukuqashiswa kweCEDIP kanye ne-Chiley navy eyayiqondisa lesi siqhingi. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi eyisisekelo yokuphila, ukuhlala eRapa Nui kwaba lula.
Namuhla, ngokuhamba emoyeni, ukuhlinzeka kanye nesithakazelo esikhulu emhlabeni jikelele, inani labantu base-Easter Island likhula. Bonke bahlala edolobheni elilodwa laseHanga Roa. I-Rapa Nui ibiwe ngokuthi indawo yeGugu Lomhlaba yi-Unesco. Kunezindiza ezivamile ezivela eSantiago kanye nezivakashi, ososayensi nabafuna ukwazi ilukuluku beza ukuhlola i- moais , bafunde ngesonto elidlule futhi bazindle ngezifundo ezingenayo esikhathini esizayo.
Kunezimfihlakalo eziningi e-Easter Island. Esiqhingini esincane, esingaba ngu-64 sq km (166.4 sq km) kuningi okumele sitholwe futhi sihumushe.
Enye yezimfihlakalo ezilula, uma kunzima kakhulu, kuyimfihlakalo yabantu abalahlekile phakathi kokuvakashelwa kuka-Admiral Jacob Roggeween noCaptain Cook ngo-1774. Incazelo eyamukelekile yukuthi abahlali baseziqhingini babenezidingo zabo: ezolimo azikwazanga ukondla abantu abandayo .
Bakha izihlahla, futhi bengenazo izindlela zokwakha izikebhe futhi bashiye isiqhingi, ekugcineni baqala ukulwa nempi. I- moais yadonswa phansi njengeqembu elilodwa lokuqala kanti omunye wabhubhisa izithombe zabo. Ama-theorists amaningi abona ukuthi kwenzekani e-Easter Island, ayibhale ngokuthi yi-Rapa Nui Syndrome, futhi ayibone njengesixwayiso kubo bonke abantu bomhlaba.
Imfihlakalo ehlala njalo yizithombe zamaMoai zikaRapa Nui. Bayini? Kungani? Bangobani? Enye into eyinhloko yokuthi yonke i- moai iyimifanekiso yonkulunkulu nokhokho, futhi njengamanye amasonto asePolynesia, inika amandla, noma mana , kubantu abakha futhi bagcina lesi sithombe. Uma, njengoba kwachazwa, ngamunye wemindeni noma imindeni esiqhingini, babe nomoya wabo, ukwakha indawo ebizwa ngokuthi i- ahu ukukhonza njengendawo yokugcoba umndeni, ngakho kulula ukuqonda ukuthi kungani imindeni elwa nayo ingathanda ukuchitha umthombo amandla omunye nomunye.
Le ncazelo ayichazi ukubekwa kwe- moais , futhi kungani abanye bebukeka behluke kakhulu kunezindlebe ezinde ezivame kakhulu, izindebe ezincane nezindebe ezingenayo. Ngokwesiko, amaqembu aphikisayo aye abhekwa njenge-Short Ears ne-Long Ears, engase ichaze inani elikhulu lezithombe ezinde.
Khona-ke kukhona imfihlakalo yamehlo alahlekile. Ingabe izisekelo zamehlo zaziqoshiwe futhi zashiywa zingenalutho kuze kube khona i- moai eyakhiwe futhi i- mana kufanele iqale ukusebenza, noma ingabe amehlo, ayenziwe nge-coral ne-scoria afakwa kuphela ngezikhathi zemikhosi?
UThere Heyerdahl uxoshwe ukuthi abahlali beRapa Nui bafika ngeBalsa raft eNingizimu Melika. Incwadi yakhe i- Kon-Tiki yakha umtshisekelo wesithakazelo nemvume yokumba nokuhlola ezinye ze- moais . I-Theorists kusukela ngaleso sikhathi baye basekela umsebenzi wakhe, njengobufakazi bokuLinguistic of Early Peruvian-Rapanui Oxhumene nabo noma benqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi abantu babenandaba nhlobo . Ku -Space Spaces Kwembula , u-Erik Von Daniken wabeka inkolelo eyayizithukuthelela izakhamuzi zezikhala ezidala izifanekiso. Inkolelo-mbono ayiqinisekisile ubufakazi obuvubukuli, nakuba mhlawumbe ithimba le-NOVA elizama ukuvula isifanekiso esisebenzisa kuphela amathuluzi abakhethi bomdabu abayobe nawo, kungenzeka ukuthi bayamukele usizo olungaphandle. Funda indaba yabo ezimfihlakalo ze-Easter Island. Zonke i- moais ezimi manje zakhiwe kabusha phakathi neminyaka eminyaka edlule.
Njengoba i- moais yachithwa noma ishiywa, futhi ayikho into entsha eyadalwa, isiko sashintsha kulokho manje esibizwa ngokuthi ihlelo le-BirdMan.
Lokhu kwase kusekhona, futhi kubhalwe phansi ngawo-1860 futhi kunezingxenye ezingaphezu kwezingu-150 eziqoshiwe noma ezincane ezitholakala emadwaleni azungeze amathafa edolobhaneni lase-Orongo, eduze ne-Rano Kau. Imidwebo ibonisa umzimba womuntu ngenhloko yezinyoni, ngezinye izikhathi ibambe iqanda ngakwesinye isandla, futhi le mbono ikhona ukuthi le nhlangano ibonisa isifiso sokubalekela esiqhingini. Imikhosi eyisisekelo yalesi sikhungo kwakuwumsebenzi wokuthola iqanda lokuqala labeka intwasahlobo ngayinye esiqhingini sezilwandle ngeMat Tara , inyoni engcwele. Induna ngayinye yathumela umuntu oyedwa, noma i- hopu , ukuba agibele ku-Moto Nui, isiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke ngaphansi kwe-Orongo, lapho ukuze alinde amaqanda. Lapho i- hopu ithola iqanda, wayibopha ebunzini lakhe futhi yabuyela emuva, yagibela amathafa futhi yanikeza induna yakhe iqanda elingenalutho.
Le nhloko yayizoba yi-BirdMan ngonyaka ozayo, ngamandla namalungelo. Ezinye ze-petroglyphs zinezibonakaliso zokuzala ezixutshwe kuyo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesiqhingi yindawo okucatshangwa ukuthi iyindawo yokugcina ilanga, noma umbhoshongo wezinkanyezi.
I-Rapa Nui yayinehlobo lokubhala olubizwa ngokuthi i-rongorongo okungabikho muntu ongayichaza. Incazelo kanye nomthombo walaba bantu abalingiswa baye bavulelwa ukuhumusha iminyaka, ngoba ithebhulethi yathunyelwa kuTepano Jaussen, uMbhishobhi waseTahiti, njengesibonakaliso senhlonipho, ngabasolwa abaqalile ukuguqulwa.
Ukufika Lapho
Ngokuqinisekile uzoya e-Easter Island ngomoya. I-LAN Chile yiyona kuphela ehamba ngezindiza lapho kodwa ungenza uxhumano lwamasonto amathathu kusuka eSantiago noma kabili ngesonto kusuka ePapeete, eTahiti. Ukuhamba okuvela eSantiago cishe amahora ayisithupha ubude, kodwa ukubuya, ngenxa yemimoya enamandla, kungaphansi kwamahora amahlanu. I-Airport ye-Mataveri International ngaphandle kwe-Hanga Roa inomgwaqo ode kunawo wonke wezindiza zaseChile futhi isebenza njengesibhamu sokuphuthuma okuphuthumayo.
Hlola izindiza ezivela endaweni yakho ukuya eSantiago noma kwezinye izindawo eChile. Ungaphinde upheqa amahhotela kanye nokuqasha imoto.
Nini ukuya
Ukushisa akudingeki kudlule ama-degree angama-85 (30ºC) futhi awehli ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-57 (14ºC). Yilungele umoya, okugcina izinga lokushisa likhululekile, futhi kube nemvula elula izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Kwangathi inyanga enamandla kakhulu, kodwa inhlabathi evuthayo yomswakama intaba idla ngokushesha. Letha izingubo ezikhululekile, izicathulo ezihamba kahle noma izikhumba, i-sweater noma i-sweatshirt kanye ne-windbreaker. Izinyanga ezibizayo kakhulu phakathi nenkathi ehlobo kaDisemba kuya kuMashi.
Hlola isimo sezulu sanamuhla e-Rapa Nui.
Izinto Ozozenza Nibone
Kuye ngokuthi uhlala isikhathi eside kangakanani, futhi bekungeke kube kuhle ukuhamba ngaleyo ndlela futhi ungachithi izinsuku ezine noma ezinhlanu lapho, ungahlela ukubona sonke isiqhingi ngezinyawo, 4X4, ihhashi noma ibhayisikili. Uma uhamba ngebhayisikili noma ngezinyawo, khumbula ukuthatha amanzi amaningi, isikrini selanga, isithandwa nezibuko.
Thatha futhi isiphuzo ngoba azikho izindawo ngaphandle kweHanga Roa. Imigwaqo kanye namathrekhi ayinzima, kodwa akukho traffic enkulu futhi uzophepha. Abantu baseziqhingini bathanda ukusho ukuthi okuwukuphela kwento ehlala etilongweni yizigcungulu. Ungakwazi ukuhlela i-drive, ngokuma kwezinye ze-moai ezidume kakhulu, noma ukutadisha okuningiliziwe kwalowo nalowo, futhi kufaka ukuma endaweni yesitokisi ukuze ucabange izithombe ezigcwatshiwe nezingaphelele lapho.
Vakashela u-Ahu Akivi, u-Ahu Nau Nau, u-Ahu Tahai noRano Raraku. Kukhona izimali zokungena eMzaneni wesiGodi wase-Orongo no-Ahu Tahai.
Ngeke ulahleke. Isiqhingi sase-Easter sincane kakhulu, sinokuqhuma i-volcano ekhoneni ngalinye. I-Maunga Pukatikei engama-1200 ft (400 m) ehlala ekhoneni elisenyakatho-mpumalanga, iRano Kau engama-1353 ft (410 m) ekhoneni eliseningizimu-ntshonalanga, kanti indawo ephakeme kakhulu, uMaunga Terevaka ngo-2151.6 ft (652 m) uhola engxenyeni esenyakatho-ntshonalanga. Imigwaqo ayiyinyumba, futhi uzothola umsebenzi wakho okhuphuka phezulu nasemagqumeni amancane. Kuze kube manje, akukho ndawo engavumelekile, kodwa uhloniphe umsebenzi wokuvubukula, ukuthi ingxenye yesithathu yesiqhingi i-Parque Nacional Rapa Nui. Ngeke uvunyelwe ukususa noma yimaphi ama-artifacts. Ungathenga izimpendulo ze- moais, amaphilisi e-rongorongo nezinye izinto zokusebenza zendawo endaweni ezimakethe.
Ukuhlala, Ukudlela nokuningi
Kukhona amahhotela amaningana esiqhingini, izindlu eziningi zezivakashi, futhi ungase uhlale e-Anakena ogwini olusenyakatho, kodwa wonke amanzi nokudla kufanele kwenziwe. Phetha lawa mahhotela engeziwe ukuze uthole ukutholakala, amazinga, izinsiza, indawo, imisebenzi kanye nezinye ulwazi oluthile. Iminye imindeni izokuvumela ukuba uhlale ekamu. Uma uhamba nohambo, izidingo zakho zezindlu zizogcinwa, ngaphandle kwalokho ungathatha amathuba akho bese wenza amalungiselelo akho ekufikeni.
Abaninikhaya abaningi bahlangana nezindiza ezingenayo futhi ungenza ukukhetha kwakho ke.
Njengoba konke kungenisiwe, lungela izindleko zokudla eziphakeme. Kungase kube kubi kakhulu ukuthenga isidlo sakho sasekuseni nesidlo sasemini esitolo sendawo, (kukhona ama-supermercados amabili manje) futhi udle endaweni yokudlela ukuze uthole isidlo sakho sakusihlwa. I-lobster iyamnandi. Kukhona ukukhetha kwezitolo nezitolo zokudlela.
Njengoba umnotho wesiqhingi uqhubeka ngokuya ngokuzungezile ezokuvakasha, ukunganeliseki nobunikazi baseChilean bukhula. Kukhona ukunyakaza okuqhubekayo kokuzikhethela nokuzimela. Kukhulunywa ulimi lwesiSpain nolwazi lwendawo, nemikhosi yasendaweni efana neRapa Nui Tapati Fiesta, eyayiqhutshwa njalo ngenyanga kaFebruwari, inhlangano eyiRapa Nui. Amanye amaqembu, njenge- Consejo de Ancianos , ufuna ipaki kazwelonke ibuyele kubakhile bokuqala, abangenayo impahla ngaphandle kweHanga Roa.
I-Rapa Nui News izokwazisa. Ezinye izinhlangano, njengeRapa Nui Outrigger Club zifundisa amakhono, umlando kanye nokwazisa isiko labo kubantu abancane besiqhingini ngaphandle kokuncintisana emidlalweni yezinyawo.
Uzothola iRapa Nui indawo emnandi, yokungenisa izihambi ukuvakashela, kepha ungamangazi uma uzwa umuzwa ongaqondakali, ukudabuka nokudonsa kwe- moais yasendulo.
Jabulela ukuvakasha kwakho!