I-Quintessential Louisiana Dish
I-Gumbo mhlawumbe isidlo saseLousaana esishukumisayo nesigxiliwe kakhulu. Kukhona ukuhluka okuphindwe kabili kwisitshalo esicebile njengoba kukhona imindeni kuhulumeni, futhi wonke umuntu ucabanga ukuthi indlela yomndeni wayo ihamba phambili. Kodwa yini, ngempela? Yini eyenza ihluke kunesobho esivamile? Yikuphi ukuhluka okungokwemvelo kunazo zonke? Ake sibambe ngokujulile.
Umlando Osheshayo
"Gumbo" yaqala ukunyatheliswa esikhathini esithile ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi iqale ngokubhekisela esitsheni esasiyinto eshaqile.
Isidlo singumhlanganisi we-Afrika kuphela, waseMelika, eSpain, eJalimane, naseFulentshi kanye nezithako. Igama elithi "gumbo" kungenzeka livela ngegama lesiBantu (eNtshonalanga Afrika) elithi okra, "kingombo," noma igama leChoctaw elibizwa nge "filé", "kombo."
Ngakho-ke yini e-Gumbo, Noma kunjalo?
Okwenzeni i-gumbo gumbo iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ingaba yingxabano phakathi kwabaseLouana abahlukahlukene abaqiniseka ukuthi iresiphi yabo ilungile. Zonke izigumbo zinezinto ezimbalwa ezifanayo, noma kunjalo. Okokuqala, bahlale behlanganiswe nenye noma ngaphezulu kokulandelayo:
- I-roux emnyama (ingxube yamafutha nofulawa, iphekwe kancane kancane kwi-stovetop)
- I-Okra (imifino ephendukela emanzini futhi ehehayo uma ephekwe)
- I-Filé powder (i-spice kanye ne-agent eqina eyenziwe ngamaqabunga omisiwe we-sassafras)
A
I-filé ivame ukungezwa ku-gumbo ngemuva kokuthi isusiwe, kepha i-roux ne-okra zengezwe ngenkathi yokupheka.
Izithako eziyinhloko zeGumbo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa inyama yezinkukhu, inkukhu, isobho kanye ne-shellfish, nakuba inhlanganisela yayo ihlukahluka kuye ngokuthi umehluko wesifunda, ukutholakala kwenkathi, ukuthanda komndeni, nokukhwabanisa kompheki.
Imifino yokudla ngezikhathi ezithile cishe njalo iZiqu-zintathu Ezingcwele zeCajun cuisine: isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, anyanisi, kanye ne-green bell pepper, futhi lezi ziqoshiwe futhi ziphekwe kuze zingabonakali.
Abanye abapheki bangase bafake i-garlic noma i-red bell pepper, kanti ama-Creole gumbos ngezinye izikhathi afaka utamatisi.
Ukuncelisa izimbali kanye nezinongo kuyahlukahluka kakhulu, kodwa cishe njalo ufaka usawoti, upeleya we-cayenne, nompeli omnyama, futhi ungase ufake nompepele omhlophe, amaqabunga e-bay, i-thyme, i-parsley, noma abanye.
I-Gumbo isebenze kanjani?
I-Gumbo isetshenziswa njalo (noma ngakwesokunene) ilayisi, futhi ngokujwayelekile, ilayisi laseLou Louisiana liphekwe ngenhloso yokwenza ama-fluffy, amahlamvu angamanye awanamathele ndawonye. Inkukhu ye-Cajun kanye ne-sausage gumbo iphinde isetshenziswe ngehlangothini lama-sweetard, ama-mustardy isaladi isaladi, okuyinto abanye abantu abazoyihlanganisa ne-gumbo emlonyeni ngamunye. Abanye abapheka bazofafaza u-anyanisi oqoshiwe noma i-parsley ngaphezu kwesitsha ngasinye segumbo njengendlela yokuhlobisa.
Yini i-Gumbo Taste Like?
Uma ungakaze ube nakho ngaphambili, ungalindela ukuthi cishe zonke izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zegumbo zizoba nokushisa okuthile okucebile. Lokhu kuvela ku-roux emnyama. Izinhlobo eziqukethe isoseji zizobhema kakhulu, njengoba isobho se-andouille nezinye izinhlobo ezibhemayo yizinsipho ze-gumbo zokuzikhethela. Amanye ama-gumbo esolwandle ayenziwa ngaphandle kwe-roux, futhi kusobala ukuthi ngeke abe nesinambithe esimnyama esifanayo.
I-Okra gumbo ingaba kancane kancane noma i-gooey, kuye ngokuthi inani le-okra elisebenzisayo.
Uma ngabe ukuthungwa kukukhathaza (okungenzeka kube njalo uma ungathandi ama-oyster noma amakhowe ngenxa yokwakheka kwawo), ungalandeli i-okra gumbo. I-Filé gumbo icebile futhi inomhlaba futhi inambitheka engavamile (uma ungakwazi, zama ukucabanga isitshalo se-unserified se-bhisikidi - sassafras futhi isithako esikhulu sokunambitheka sezinyosi kanye nokuhlanganyela komhlaba).
I-Gumbo ijwayele ukuvuthwa kakhulu, kepha ngokuvamile ayishisi-umlomo wakho obabayo. Uma ungajwayele noma yikuphi ukudla okuneziphuzo, ungase uthole kushisa kakhulu ngenxa yokuthanda kwakho, kodwa kuncane kakhulu okushisayo okushisayo kunezingubo eziningi ongayithola endaweni yokudlela yaseNdiya noma yaseThai. Njengokudla okuningi kwe-Cajun ne-Creole, i-gumbo ivame ukukhonjiswa nge-sauces ezihlukahlukene ezishisayo etafuleni, ngakho-ke ungayifinyelela ezingeni lakho lezinsizakalo ezithandayo.
Amanye amaGumbo ajwayelekile:
I-Creole Gumbo yiyona ehlukahlukene kakhulu etholakala e-New Orleans.
Ngokuvamile isisekelo se-roux futhi silayishwa inkukhu, isobho, i-shellfish, i-okra, i-trinity, futhi ngezinye izikhathi utamatisi.
I-Cajun Chicken kanye ne-Sausage Gumbo itholakala eNew Orleans nakulo lonke elaseSouth Louisiana, ngenani elingenamkhawulo lokuhluka okuncane. It has a base roux, iqukethe inkukhu nesoseji kanye nobusithathu. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhonjiswe ngefayili ye-powder etafuleni, ukwengeza ngokwakho ukuqonda. Ezingqungqutheleni ze-Evangeline naseSt. Landry ePhakhesi, inkukhu kanye nesoseji gumbo kuvame ukuhanjiswa ngamaqanda abilisiwe.
I-Seafood Gumbo inezinhlobo eziningi ongazicabanga, kodwa ngokuvamile ihlanganisa imfucumfucu, i-crab, ne-oysters, kanye nanoma yiliphi inombolo "inhlanzi yokudoba" noma i-shellfiish, futhi ngezinye izikhathi isobho. Yenziwe nge-stock stock futhi ijwayele ukuba yi-fishy ngempela (uma ufuna isidlo esincinci senhlanzi, lokhu akusikho kuwe). Ngokujwayelekile kwenziwa nge-base base-roux, futhi i-okra iyakhethwa ngokuya ngesifunda noma ngenkathi. I-gumbo ye-Seafood inezinto ezifanayo ne-bouillabaisse, futhi izazi-mlando zezobuciko ziye zakha izixhumanisi phakathi kwalaba ababili.
I-Gumbo yeHerbes yi-gumbo ephula yonke imithetho. Akuyona igumbo ngempela ngezincazelo engizibekezele, kodwa zithwele igama le-gumbo iminyaka engamakhulu amabili, ngakho-ke ubani okufanele aphikisana naye. Le isobho, cishe ehlobene neCaribbean callaloo, isobho esingenamvubelo esenziwe ngengxube yemifino ehlukene, iphekwe futhi ifakwe emthonjeni ocebile, onomsoco onguhlobo oludumile lwezinkathi ezingenalutho lweLenten. Leli gama libizwa ngokuthi "i-zego ye-Gumbo" livela eFulentshi "gumbo aux herbes," okusho ukuthi "igumbo eyenziwe ngemifino."