Konke Ngesikhumbuzo Sokuzimela Ngenhliziyo Yenhloko-dolobha yase-Indonesia
Isikhumbuzo seNational , noma i- Monas (ukuphambana kwegama layo ngesi-Bahasa- Monumen Nas ional ), kwakuyiprojekthi yoMongameli wokuqala we-Indonesia - i-Sukarno (amaJavane asebenzisa igama elilodwa kuphela). Phakathi nakho konke ukubusa kwakhe, u-Sukarno wayefuna ukuletha i-Indonesia kanye nezimpawu ezibonakalayo zesizwe; njengoba i- Istiqlal Mosque yayiwumzamo wakhe wokuhlanganisa ama-Indonesiya angamaSulumane, i-Monas yayiwumzamo wakhe wokwakha isikhumbuzo esihlala njalo emnyakeni wokuzimela wase-Indonesian.
Isikhumulo sakwaMerdeka (Freedom) Square eGambir, Central Jakarta, i-Monas iyi-monolith eyinhle kakhulu: cishe amamitha angu-137 ubude, enesiphakamiso sokubheka kanye nelangabi elikhanyisiwe elikhanyiswa ebusuku.
Ngaphansi kwalo, i-Monas ihlala emnyuziyamu womlando wase-Indonesian kanye nehholo lokuzindla elibonisa ikhophi eqinisekisiwe yesimemezelo sokuzimela kwe-Indonesian efundwa yi-Sukarno ekukhululweni kwezwe labo kusukela eDashi.
Uma nje ukwazi ukuqonda indawo kaJakarta emlandweni wase-Indonesia , kufanele wenze i- Monas ibambe iqhaza ekuhambeni kwakho kwe-Indonesia . Okungenani, yenza kube okokuqala ohlwini lwezinto eziphezulu ongayenza ngenkathi use-Jakarta .
Umlando we-Monas
UMongameli uSukarno wayengumuntu ophupha kakhulu - ngeMonas, wayefuna isikhumbuzo kumzabalazo wokuzibusa owawuzohlala iminyaka eminingi. Ngosizo lwabadwebi uFrederich Silaban (umklami we-Istiqlal Mosque) no-RM
I-Soedarsono, i-Sukarno yayibheke isikhumbuzo esiphezulu njenge-symbiosis yamatshwayo amaningi auspicious.
Isithombe samaHindu sisekuklanyweni kwe-Monas, njengoba isakhiwo se-cup-and-tower sifana nesi-lingga ne-yoni.
Izinombolo 8, 17, no-45 zilalele emuva ku-Agasti 17, 1945, usuku lokumemezela kwe-Independence yase-Indonesia - izinombolo zibonakaliswa kuzo zonke izinto kusukela ekuphakameni kombhoshongo (117.7 wamamitha) kuya endaweni yesikhulumi esimi ( 45 metres square), kuze kube phansi kwenani lezimpaphe eziqoshiwe zeGaruda eHholo Lokuzindla (amaphiko ayisishiyagalombili emsila, 17 amaphiko ngamaphiko, neminwe 45 entanyeni)!
Ukwakhiwa kweMonas kwaqala ngo-1961, kodwa kwaqedwa kuphela ngo-1975 , eminyakeni eyisishiyagalolunye emva kokudilizwa kukaSukarno njengoMongameli eminyakeni emihlanu emva kokufa kwakhe. (Lesi sikhumbuzo sisasaziwa, ngolimi olusemathunjini, njengokuthi "ukulungiswa kokugcina kuka-Sukarno".)
Ukwakhiwa kweMonas
Ephakathi kwepaki elingamashumi ayisishiyagalombili-hekthara, i-Monas ngokwayo iyatholakala enhlangothini enyakatho yeMerdeka Square. Njengoba usondela etsheni lesikhumbuzo esenyakatho, uzobona umgwaqo ongaphansi komhlaba oholela phansi kwetshe lesikhumbuzo, lapho kukhokhwa khona imali yokungena ye-IDR 15,000 yokufinyelela kuzo zonke izindawo. (Funda ngemali e-Indonesia .)
Ngokushesha ngemva kokuvela komunye umkhawulo womhubhe, izivakashi zizothola egcekeni elingaphandle lesikhumbuzo, lapho izindonga zithwala izithombe ezivulekile ezibonisa izikhathi ezibalulekile zomlando wase-Indonesian.
Le ngqungquthela iqala ngoMbuso waseMajapahit, owafinyelela phezulu ekhulwini le-14 ngaphansi kweNhloko-mhlaba uGajah Mada. Njengoba uqhubeka nokuhamba nge-clockwise emhlabeni wonke, ukuvezwa komlando kuya emlandweni wamuva nje, kusukela ekolonisini yiDashi kuya ekumemezelweni kokuzimela ekushintsheni kwegazi kusukela eSukarno kuya kumlandeli wakhe uSuharto ngawo-1960.
Umlando WezeMlando Kazwelonke
Ekhoneni elisenyakatho-mpumalanga yeziko lesikhumbuzo, ukungena emlandweni we- Indonesian National History kumholela ekamelweni elikhulu le-marble elinamachungechunge ama-dioramas afana nezikhathi eziyinhloko emlandweni wase-Indonesian.
Njengoba ukhuphuka ngaphakathi kwendebe eyenza isisekelo setshe lesikhumbuzo, ungangena eHholo Lokuzindla elibonisa izimpawu eziningi zesizwe sase-Indonesian emagcekeni angaphakathi, amnyama aphezu kwamatshe ayingxenye yombhoshongo wombhoshongo.
Ibalazwe lase-Indonesia elidwebekile lihamba ngaphesheya kodonga olusenyakatho lweHholo Lokuzindla, kuyilapho iminyango yegolide ivuleka ukuvula ikhophi yesimemezelo sokuqala sokuzimela efundwa yi-Sukarno ngo-1945, njengezinhlobo zomculo wokuthanda izwe nokuqoshwa kweSukarno yena ugcwalisa umoya.
Udonga oluseningizimu lunezifanekiso eziveziwe zeGaruda Pancasila - ukhozi olwalugwetshiwe olunezimpawu ezimi kulo mqondo we "Pancasila" owasungulwa ngu-Sukarno.
I-Top of Monas
Ipulatifomu enkulu yokubuka phezulu kwendebe yesikhumbuzo inikeza iphuzu elihle endaweni ephakeme ye-17m ukusuka kuyo ukubuka idolobha laseJakarta elizungezile, kodwa umbono omuhle utholakala esiteji sokubuka esiphezulu sombhoshongo, amamitha angu-115 ngenhla izinga lomhlabathi.
I-elevator encane engxenyeni eseningizimu inikeza ukufinyelela endaweni yesikhulumi, engakwazi ukuhlala nabantu abangaba ngu-50. Umbono uvinjelwe ngandlela-thile ngemigoqo yensimbi, kodwa izibhamu eziningana zokubukela zivumela izivakashi ukuba zikhethe izinto ezithakazelisayo ezungeze umjikelezo wepaki.
Akubonakali kusuka kwesikhulumi sokubukwa - kodwa kubonakala kakhulu kusuka emhlabathini - yi- Flame ye-Independence engu-14.5 ithoni, ehlanganiswe ne-50 kg ye-foil yegolide. Ilangabi likhanyiswa ebusuku, ivumela i-Monas ukuba ibonakale ukusuka emakhilomitha azungeze ngisho nangemva kokunyama.
Indlela Yokuya eMonas
I-Monas iyatholakala kalula ngetekisi. I-TransJakarta Busway iphinda ifinyelele eMonas - ukusuka eJalan Thamrin, i-BLOK M-KOTA ibhasi elihamba ngesikhumbuzo. Funda mayelana nokuthutha e-Indonesia.
I-Merdeka Square ivuliwe kusukela ngo-8: 00 kuya ku-6: 00. I-Monas nemibukiso yayo ivuliwe nsuku zonke kusukela ngo-8: 00 kuya ku-3: 00, ngaphandle kweMsombuluko odlule wenyanga, uma ivaliwe ukugcinwa.