Iqoqo Lemigomo Ehlanganiswe Nomlando We-California Mission

Ochwepheshe emisebenzini yaseSpain yaseSpain baphonsa eziningi zezimiso namagama ezakhiwo okungadideka kithi sonke. Leli glosarili eliboniswayo lingakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi bakhuluma ngani.

• 01 kwezingu-17

  I-Adobe

  Izitini zenziwe ngodaka olucindezelekile kanye nosizi, olomile elangeni.

  Izitini ze-Adobe zingenye yezinto zokwakha zomdala kunazo zonke zomhlaba. Ngisho noma zenziwe ngotshani futhi zingaxoshwa emlilweni, zihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu ezimweni ezomile. Kodwa-ke, ayinamandla kakhulu futhi izakhiwo ezenziwe kuzo zingawela phansi lapho kuzamazama komhlaba.

  Izakhiwo eziningi zakuqala zaseCalifornia zenziwe nge-adobe futhi iningi labo lalinakekelwa ukuzamazama komhlaba.

  Izitini ze-Adobe zivame ukufakwa ngokucindezela ingxube yodaka ne-straw ibe isikhunta sezinkuni ukuze zivele ezikwele.

• 02 ka-17

  I-Buttress

  Isakhiwo esenziwe ngamatshe noma izinkuni, esakhiwe odongeni ukuze siqinise.

  Ukuthunywa okumbalwa kwaseCalifornia kuphela okusetshenziselwa ukugubha izakhiwo zokuqinisa izakhiwo zabo. Omunye wabo kwakuyi-Mission Santa Ynez, eboniswa esithombeni. I-San Gabriel Mission nayo inezintambo, kodwa zincane.

• 03 ka-17

  I-Campanario

  Udonga oluphethe amabellane.

  Eziningi zalezi zithunywa zinezakhiwo ezifana nale campanario eLa Purisima Mission. Insimbi yaseSan Diego ibhontshisile inamabellane amahlanu futhi kanjalo nenye iMission San Miguel.

• 04 kwangu-17

  Umculi

  Umgwaqo ogijimayo ogijima eceleni kwesakhiwo. Leli gama lisetshenziswe kaningi lapho umgwaqo omboziwe ukhona esakhiweni senkolo.

  Eziningi zalezi zithunywa zaziphethe ama-cloisters afana nalena e-Mission San Juan Bautista.

• 05 ka-17

  I-Convento

  Iqembu lamakholi noma izindlovukazi, noma indawo ababuthe kuyo. I-Convento yigama lesiSpain lokuhlala kwabo.

  Ezingxoxweni zaseCalifornia, abapristi babehlala e-convento. Kwakuvame ukuyingxenye ye-mission quadrangle, eceleni kwesonto ngaphambili kwesakhiwo.

• 06 kwangu-17

  El Camino Real

  IsiSpanish "I-King's Highway" noma "iRoyal Road," igama lomgwaqo oxhumeke ku-chain ye-California mission.

  I-El Camino Real yayingamakhilomitha angu-600 ubude futhi ixhuma zonke izihambeli ezingu-21, kanye nezinsizakalo ezingezansi eziningana, ama-presidios amane namadolobha amathathu.

  I-US Highway 101 yanamuhla ilandela okuningi komzila we-Old Camino Real. Izimpawu zomlando ezifana nalezi ezithombeni zibonisa umzila wazo.

• 07 kwangu-17

  I-facade

  Ubuso noma phambili kwesakhiwo.

  Iningi lezithunywa zaseCalifornia zineziqephu ezilula, kodwa enye e-Mission Santa Barbara ilula kakhulu.

• 08 kwangu-17

  Ifonti

  Isitsha esikhulu, esihlotshisiwe esinamanzi angcwele. Isetshenziselwa ukubhapathiza abantwana kanye nabaguqulwa abasha.

  Ifonti isetshenziselwa ukubhapathizwa, eyenziwa ngokufafaza noma ukuthulula amanzi ekhanda.

• 09 ka-17

  IsiFranciscan

  Ilungu leSonto LamaKatolika, elibizwa ngeSt. Francis wase-Assisi.

  AmaFranciscans alandela imfundiso kaSt. Francis wase-Assisi. AbaFrancis bafunga ukuthi baphila impilo yokuthandaza, ukushumayela nokuphumula (ukuzijezisa ngokuzithandela). Basebenza futhi njengezithunywa zevangeli.

  Abaningi bamaFranciscans abasebenza emahhovisi okuqala eCalifornia bevela eSpain noma eMexico.

• 10 kwangu-17

  I-Fresco

  Umdwebo owenziwe ngqo kwi-plaster emanzi.

  Izimbalwa ezimbalwa zakuqala zaseCalifornia zinezimbali ezinhle ze-fresco. Abambalwa babo basinda.

  I-fresco ihlobisa i-altare. Amafresco at Mission San Miguel ezinye ze-best-egcinwe eCalifornia.

• 11 kwangu-17

  I-Neophyte

  Noma ubani omusha ukufunda okuthile - noma ukuguqula entsha enkolweni - ubizwa ngokuthi i-neophyte.

  I-neophyte yafunda ivesi leBhayibheli. I-diorama yeSamente San Francisco ibonisa i-neophytes emsebenzini futhi idlale

• 12 kwangu-17

  I-Padre

  IsiSpanish for "ubaba," igama liyihloko yompristi ongumRoma Katolika noma umfundisi.

  I-Padres nayo ingabhapathiza futhi ishade nabantu, uzwe ukuvuma nokwenza ezinye izinto esontweni.

  Izithunywa zevangeli zaseSpain ezazisebenza eCalifornia zazingabapristi noma Baba.

  Igama elithi Friar ngezinye izikhathi lisetshenziswe ngephutha noma labo, kepha lelo gama livela egameni elithi "umzalwane," noma ilungu lezenkolo.

• 13 kwangu-17

  I-Presidio

  Indawo yokuhlala ezempi.

  Uhulumeni waseSpain wathumela amasosha eCalifornia kanye nabapristi. Amasosha awakhiwe ama-forts eduze nezinkonzo. Amakhulu kunazo zonke ayeseSan Diego, eMonterey naseSan Francisco.

• 14 kwangu-17

  Quadrangle

  Igceke elivaliwe noma i-patio, enezinhlangothi ezine.

  Eziningi zalezi zithunywa zazakhiwa ngendlela engenxantathu ezungeze egcekeni. Ezinye zazo zazinama-quadrangles amabili ayexhunyiwe komunye nomunye.

• 15 kwangu-17

  Reredos

  Udonga lwesikrini noma lokuhlukanisa ngemuva kwe-altare elikhulu esontweni, ngokuvamile okuhlobisa.

  Ama-reredos amaningi ahlanganisa izithombe zezenkolo nezithombe zezingcwele, njengalezi eziseSt. San Francisco.

• 16 kwangu-17

  Sanctuary

  Indawo ngaphakathi kwesonto lapho kutholakala i-altare elikhulu.

  Igama elingcwele ekuqaleni lalibhekisela endaweni engcwele, kodwa namuhla kusho indawo yokuphepha.

  Esakhiweni sesonto, indlu engcwele ingxenye engcwelengcwele yesakhiwo. Yindawo ejikeleze i-altare.

• 17 kwangu-17

  Ukubuyiselwa

  Ukulungisa okuthile esimweni saso sokuqala.

  Ukuthunywa okuningi kweSpain kwakungasetshenziswanga iminyaka eminingi, kanti ezinye zazo zonakaliswe kabi. Ezimweni ezimbalwa, uphahla lwama-tile lususiwe futhi izindonga ze-adobe zasala zivulekile isimo sezulu. Ngenxa yeminyaka yokunganaki, kwakudingeka ibuyiselwe ezimweni ozibonayo manje.