01 kwangu-11
Mission Santa Cruz
Mission Santa Cruz yayiyingxenye yeshumi nambili eyakhiwe eCalifornia, eyasungulwa ngoSeptemba 25, 1791, nguBawo Fermin Lasuen . Igama elithi Mission Santa Cruz lisho i-Holy Cross Mission.
Amaqiniso Okuthakazelisayo NgeSonto Santa Cruz
Isithunywa seSanta Cruz saziwa ngokuthi "inkolelo enhlanhla." Namuhla, sinayo isibonelo esisele esisodwa sezindlu zaseNdiya eCalifornia.
Kuphi Indawo Mission Santa Cruz?
Isonto leSithunywa saseSanta Cruz liseduze no-126 High Street (okuyinto ikheli lesonto lesimanje eliseduze). Ungathola ikheli, amahora, nezinkomba kwiwebhusayithi ye-Mission Santa Cruz.
Eduze esontweni elidala lemishini yi-Mission Santa Cruz Historic Park e-144 School Street. Benawo kuphela abahlala e-neophyte quarters e-California. Ungathola ulwazi mayelana nokuyivakashela kwiWebhu Yase-Park Park.
02 kwangu-11
Mission Santa Cruz Ingaphakathi
Abantu abasontweni abavakashelayo namhlanje ukukhiqiza, cishe ingxenye engamakhulu ubukhulu bokuqala.
03 ka-11
Mission Santa Cruz Emuva naseChoir Loft
I-choir loft esontweni lezithunywa isemuva, okuyinto ejwayelekile esikhathini.
04 kwangu-11
Mission Santa Cruz Original Buildings
Lesi yisakhiwo esisodwa esisele sisuka eMbutweni iSanta Santa Cruz, manje esisepaki elimlando lombuso. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuba umsebenzi uvale, waba ingxenye yendawo yokuhlala yangasese futhi wahlanganiswa ngophahla, okwakusindisa isitokisi se-adobe esisekelwe odakeni ukuze singabi khona emvula.
05 ka-11
Mission Santa Cruz Indian Sleeping Area
Lo mbhede uyingxenye yenkathi yokuphila kuphela yendawo yokuhlala yaseNdiya kusukela enkathini yokumiswa kweCalifornia.
06 kwangu-11
Izindawo ze-Mission Santa Cruz Indian
Lokhu kunikeza umbono wokuthi umndeni waseNdiya ungaphila kanjani ekuthumeni kweSpain eCalifornia.
07 kwangu-11
Umlando we-Santa Cruz Mission ne-Branciforte: 1769-1799
Ngo-1774, ubaba uBarou wakhetha indawo yokuthuma eduze komfula ogeleza olwandle. Ngo-Agasti 28, 1791, uBaba Fermin Lasuen wakhulisa isiphambano lapho kwakuzokwakhelwa khona iSanta Cruz Mission.
NgoSeptemba 25 walowo nyaka, uBabas Salazar noLolez babambe umkhosi wokusungula.
Iminyaka Yokuqala YaseSanta Cruz Mission Umlando
Imihlangano yakudala ithumele izipho ukuqala entsha. Izakhi zakhiwa, kanti amaNdiya akhula. Phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu, kwakukhona ama- neophyte angu-87.
I-Santa Cruz Mission yenza kahle eminyakeni yayo embalwa yokuqala. Ngemuva kokukhukhula, obaba base bekhuphuka emkhunjini baya endaweni engapheliyo, futhi amaNdiya amaningi afika.
Ngo-1796, iSanta Cruz Mission yakhiqiza izinhlamvu ezingu-1 200 zokusanhlamvu, ama-bushel angu-600 emzimbeni kanye namabhasi ama-6 ebhontshisi. Batshala izivini baphakamisa izinkomo nezimvu. Impahla yabo isuka e-Ano Nuevo eningizimu kuya eMfuleni iPamoaro. Izisebenzi zasemakhaya zenza indwangu, isikhumba, izitini ze- adobe nezinsika zophahla, futhi zasebenza njengabakhandi.
AmaNdiya aseAsia afika eSanta Cruz Mission ukuze asebenze futhi aye esontweni, kodwa abaningi babo babehlala emizaneni yabo eseduze. Ngo-1796, kwakukhona ama-neophyte ama-500.
I-Santa Cruz Mission Umlando kanye ne-Branciforte
Ngenxa yokuthi izinkinga zafika lapho ukuhanjelwa kwakuseduze kakhulu nabantu abahlala khona, obaba baseFranciscan bathi kumele okungenani amakhilomitha amathathu phakathi komsebenzi kanye nedolobha. E-Santa Cruz, uMbusi uBorica wawabheka. Ngo-1797, waqala i-pueblo (idolobha) ngaphesheya komfula wayiqamba ngokuthi i-Villa de Branciforte.
Abanye abantu bathi Branciforte yiyona yokuqala yokuthuthukiswa kwezindlu zangempela eCalifornia. UBorica wacela i-Viceroy eMexico ukuthi ithumele aboloni. Wabethembisa izingubo, amathuluzi epulazi kanye nefenisha, indlu ehlanzekile, emhlophe, u-US $ 116 ngonyaka iminyaka emibili kanye no-$ 66 ngonyaka ngonyaka ozayo emva kweminyaka emithathu.
Umphakathi wawubekwe esigcawini, kanti indawo yokulima ihlukaniswe ngamayunithi omuntu ngamunye. UBorica wayefuna i-Branciforte ukuba ibe njengeLatin America, lapho izinhlanga zazixubene ngempumelelo futhi izindlu zabekelwe eceleni izinduna zaseNdiya. Lolu hlelo lwasebenza eMexico kodwa lwaluzohluleka ukuhluleka eCalifornia.
Abahlali ababeza beyizigebengu ababengafuni ukuqhuba amapulazi. Baba izinto futhi bazama ukukhokha amaNdiya ukuba bashiye umsebenzi. Umsizi kaBorica wabhala incwadi ethi abahlali babeyizigidi ezimbalwa eziqhele ngamakhilomitha, kungaba kuhle kule ndawo.
I-Neophytes yaqala ukuhamba isuka e-Santa Cruz Mission. Abantu bahamba kusukela ku-500 ngo-1796 kuya ku-300 eminyakeni emibili kamuva. Ubaba uLasuen wakhononda, kodwa uMbusi wathi nje uma kunamaNdiya ambalwa, iSanta Cruz Mission yayidinga umhlaba omncane.
Ngo-1799, isiphepho sezulu sabhidliza isonto, futhi kwakudingeka sakhiwe kabusha.
08 kwangu-11
Umlando weSanta Cruz Mission: 1800 kuya kuLusuku Lwanamuhla
Umlando we-Santa Cruz Mission 1800-1820
Abomdabu babengenakuphikisa izifo zaseYurophu ezifana nesimungumungwane, umfutho obomvu nomfutho. Abapristi bazama ukufunda izincwadi zokwelapha futhi babasize lapho begula, kodwa abazange baphumelele. Izinkulungwane zamaNdiya zafa, abanye babalekela.
AmaNdiya nawo ahamba ngendlela ngenxa yokugula kodwa futhi ngenxa yemithetho eqinile nesijeziso esinzima. Bashaywa ngokusebenza kancane kancane noma beletha izingubo ezingcolile esontweni. Lapho bebalekela, bajeziswa ngenxa yalokho, futhi.
Abanye abapristi babenonya kakhulu. Ngo-1812, ubaba u-Andres Quintana babenezizwe ezimbili ezishaywa ngesibhamu. Ngenxa yesihluku, amaNdiya athukuthele amthumba ubaba u-Quintana futhi ambulala, icala elabangela ukuba iCopolitan iqale ukuzithiba.
Ngo-1818, i-pirate okuthiwa yiHippolyte de Bouchard yahlasela i-Monterey Presidio eningizimu yeSanta Cruz. Obaba no-Indiya bangena ngaphakathi kulo mhlangano eSoleded. Ubaba Olbes wacela abahlali ukuba baphakamise impahla yabo, kodwa bekufanele bazi kangcono. Ngemuva kokuba izigebengu zithathe lokho ababekufunayo, abahlali baba yonke indawo. Ubaba Olbes wayethukuthele kangangokuthi wayefuna ukushiya indawo, kodwa uBaba uLasuen wayengeke amvumele.
Umlando we-Santa Cruz Umlando kuma-1820s-1830s
Abantu bomdabu bahlala bebancane, futhi abahlali baseBalciforte baqhubeka bebangela inkathazo. Amarekhodi avela ngo-1831 athi izinkulungwane zezinkomo nezimvu eziphethwe yizinkokhelo futhi zikhiphe izikhumba ne-tallow, kodwa azibuyelanga empilweni yayo yangaphambili. Ngomnyaka we-1831, kwaphela ama-neophyte angaba ngu-300 kuphela.
Ukubambisana
I-Mexico yathola ukuzimela kusuka eSpain ngo-1821, kodwa yayingenakukwazi ukugcina imihlangano isebenza. Ngo-1834, banquma ukuwavala futhi bathengise umhlaba. Isithunywa seSanta Cruz sasingomunye wabokuqala ozobekwa eceleni. AbaseMexico banikezela leli zwe izakhamuzi, kepha babengafuni noma bangakwazi ukukhokha. Izwe labe selihlukaniswa futhi lidayiswa izakhamizi zaseMexico. Ngo-1845, kubantu abangu-400 eSanta Cruz, kuphela abangu-100 babengamaNdiya.
Eminyakeni embalwa elandelayo, izakhiwo zesonto zahlukana. Ukuzamazama komhlaba ngo-1840 kwaqothula insimbi yebell kanye nokuzamazama komhlaba ngo-1857 kwabhubhisa isonto. Abantu babethwala izigxobo zophahla kanye namathayili ukuze basebenzise ezinye izinto, futhi akukho mkhondo wesonto lokuqala lahlala. Izakhiwo ezingu-35 ze-adobe e-hill zaba ingxenye yedolobha.
Ngo-1863, u-Abraham Lincoln waphindela leli zwe esontweni lamaKatolika, kodwa kwakungenalutho elincane leSonto Santa Cruz. Okuncane okwakushiywe kwafakwa ukudayiswa, kodwa akekho owayengayithenga. Ngo-1889 isonto lesitini lesitayela esimhlophe, esakhiwe endaweni yesithunywa.
Umlando We-Santa Cruz Umlando Ngekhulu Lama-20
Ngo-1930, umndeni ocebile waqala ukwakha isakhiwo esiphezulu eduze nesayithi langempela, kepha balahlekelwa imali emakethe yezimakethe zamasheya emasimini futhi kwakungeke kube nokwakha okuthile okuyingxenye yobukhulu bokuqala.
Isakhiwo esisodwa sokuqala esisele esasetshenziswa ekuqaleni esakhiweni saseNdiya, esakhiwe ngo-1824.
09 kwangu-11
Isakhiwo se-mission se-Santa Cruz, isiteji sezitezi, izakhiwo nezakhiwo
Isonto lokuqala elihlala njalo eSanta Cruz lakhiwa ngo-1793-1794.
Kwakuyizingalo ezingu-112 ubude, ububanzi obungamamitha angu-29 ububanzi, ububanzi bungamamitha amahlanu ubukhulu. Uphahleni lokuqala lwaluboshwe, kepha uphahla lwama-tile lwanezelwa ngo-1811. Lona kwakuyisonto eliyinhloko lemishini iminyaka engu-65. Ezinye izakhiwo zakhiwa nxazonke ezikwele, kufaka phakathi igumbi lokugaya kanye negranari, futhi kugcwele ukwakhiwa okusanhlamvu ngo-1796.
10 kwangu-11
Isakhiwo se-Mission Santa Cruz
Uma uqhathanisa lesi sithombe nalokho okukhona namuhla, umsebenzi wokuqala wawukhona lapho isonto elikhulu, lesimanje selikhona manje. Umugqa wendawo yamaNdiya epaki lomlando wesifunda useduze kwesokunxele esithombeni salesi sithombe.
11 kwangu-11
Isithuthuthu sezinkomo zeSanta Santa Cruz
Isithombe seSanta Santa Cruz ngenhla sibonisa izinkomo zayo brand. Kwathathwa kusuka kumasampula aboniswa eMhlanganweni waseSan Francisco Solano naseMission San Antonio. Ingenye yezinhlamvu eziningana zezinjongo ezifaka incwadi ethi "A" ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kodwa asikwazanga ukuthola umsuka wayo.