Okudingeka Ukwazi Ngomkhosi We-Iconic ka-Odisha
Umkhosi wePuri Rath Yatra (endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi iRatha Jatra) usekelwe ekukhulekeleni kweNkosi Jagannath, ukuphindukuzalwa kwezinduna zeVishnu noKrishna. Ikhumbule ukuvakashelwa kwakhe minyaka yonke endaweni yakhe yokuzalwa, iThempeli laseGundicha, kanye nendlu kayise kanye nomfowabo omdala uBalabhadra nodadewabo u-Subhadra.
Uphi umkhosi ogujwa?
Ethempelini laseJagannath ePuri, u-Odisha. I-Puri cishe cishe ihora nehafu ukusuka enhlokodolobha iBhubaneshwar.
Umkhosi ugubha nini?
Ngokwekhalenda yendabuko ye-Odia, i-Rath Yatra iqala ngolusuku lwesibili lukaShukla Paksha (isigaba sokukhishwa kwenyanga noma ama-nightnight bright) yenyanga yamaHindu yenyanga ka-Ashadha. Ngo-2018, iqala ngoJulayi 14 futhi iphele ngoJulayi 26.
Uma sekuyiminyaka engama-9 kuya kwengu-19, lapho inyanga ka-Ashadha ilandelwa enye inyanga ka-Ashadha (eyaziwa ngokuthi "double-Ashadha"), isiko likaNabakalebar esingajwayelekile futhi esikhethekile senziwa. Okusho ukuthi "umzimba omusha", uNabakalebara yilokho lapho izithombe zethempelini zokhuni zishintshwa khona. Ekhulwini lokugcina, umkhosi wenziwa ngo-1912, 1931, 1950, 1969, 1977, 1996, no-2015.
Ukwenziwa kwama-Idols amasha
Njengoba izithombe zeNkosi uJagannath, umfowabo omdala uBalabhadra nodadewabo uShahadra zenziwa ngokhuni, ziyakwazi ukubola ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kanye nesidingo sokushintshwa. Izithombe ezintsha zakhiwe ezikhuni ze-neem. Nokho, akuzona zonke izihlahla zomuthi ezifanelekile kule njongo.
Ngokusho kwemiBhalo, izihlahla zidinga ukuba nezimfanelo ezithile (njengezinombolo ezithile zamagatsha, umbala, nendawo) ezithombeni ngasinye.
Ngonyaka lapho izithombe kufanele zithathelwe indawo, abapristi, izinceku, nababazi bavela endaweni ethempelini laseJagannath ukuthola izihlahla zemithi ezifanele (endaweni eyaziwa ngokuthi iDaru Brahma) emgodleni obizwa ngokuthi iB Banajag Yatra .
Abapristi bahamba ngezinyawo baya ethempelini likaNkulunkulukazikazi uMangala eKakatpur, cishe amakhilomitha angu-50 ukusuka ePuri. Lapho, uNdodanakazi uvela ephusheni, futhi uqondisa abapristi ngokuthi izihlahla zingatholakalaphi.
Lapho izihlahla zitholakala, zibuyiselwa ngasese ethempelini ngamatekisi enkuni, futhi izithombe ezintsha ziqoshwe iqembu elikhethekile lababazi. Ukudweba kwenzeka endaweni ekhethekile ngaphakathi ethempelini, eyaziwa ngokuthi iKoili Baikuntha , eduze kwesango lasenyakatho. INkosi Krishna ikholelwa ukuthi ibonakale kuRadha ngendlela yezinyoni ze-cuckoo lapho.
Umkhosi ugubha kanjani?
Unyaka ngamunye, umkhosi weRath Yatra uqala ngezithombe zeNkosi Jagannath, kanye nomfowabo omkhulu u-Balabhadra nodadewabo u-Subhadra, besuswa endaweni yabo yokuhlala eThempelini laseJagannath. Abathathu bahamba ethempelini laseGundicha, amakhilomitha ambalwa ukusuka. Bahlala lapho izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngaphambi kokuba babuyele nge-Mausi Maa Temple, indawo yokuhlala kaMalume kaJagannath.
Izithombe zihanjiswa ngezinqola ezinqoleni, eziye zafaniswa nezithempelini, zinikezela lo mkhosi ngokuthi yiRath Yatra - Umkhosi we-Chariot. Abajikelezi abayizigidi ezivame ukuhamba kulo mcimbi obalabala.
Yimiphi imicimbi eyenziwa Ngesikhathi seMkhosi?
Ukudalwa kwezithombe ezintsha nokubhujiswa kwezithombe zakudala kufanekisela ukuphindukuzalwa.
Izingoma zokuzinikela kanye nemithandazo evela eVedas zihlabelela ngokuqhubekayo ngaphandle kwendawo lapho izithombe ezintsha ziqoshwe khona emithini yemithi. Uma seziqedile, izithombe ezintsha zithathwa ngaphakathi kwe-sanctum yangaphakathi yethempeli futhi zibhekene nezibhebhe ezindala. Amandla amakhulu (i- Brahma ) adluliselwa kusukela endala kuya ezithombeni ezintsha, emzimbeni owaziwa ngokuthi yiBrahma Paribartan (Changing the Soul). Lesi siko senziwa ngasese. Umpristi owenza lesi siko uboshwe amehlo, izandla zakhe nezinyawo zimbozwe ezinhlakeni zendwangu, ukuze angaboni noma azizwe ukudluliselwa.
Uma isiko siphelile, izithombe ezintsha zihlezi esihlalweni sobukhosi. Izithombe ezindala ziyiswa eKoili Baikuntha futhi zingcwatshwa khona emcimbini ongcwele ngaphambi kokusa. Kuthiwa uma umuntu ebona lo mkhosi, ngaphandle kwabapristi abenzayo, bazofa.
Ngenxa yalokho, uhulumeni wesifunda uyala ukukhanya okugcwele kwezibani ePuri ebusuku ngalo mkhosi. Emva kwalokho, imikhosi yethempeli iqala njengokujwayelekile. Izimbali nezambatho ezintsha zanikezwa onkulunkulu, ukudla kuhlinzekwa, kanye ne- pujas (ukukhulekela) kwenziwa.
Njalo ngonyaka, kunezinqola ezintathu ezinkulu ezinkulu ezenziwa izithombe ukuba zihanjiswe phakathi nomkhosi. Inqubo eningiliziwe eyenzekayo emphakathini, phambi kwendlu yobukhosi eduze kwethempeli laseJagannath (funda mayelana nokwakhiwa kwenqola yeRath Yatra ). Ukwakhiwa njalo kuqala ngesikhathi sika- Akshay Tritiya . Ngo-2018, liwela ngo-Ephreli 18.
Izinsuku ezingaba ngu-18 ngaphambi kokuba umkhosi weRath Yatra uqale, lezi zithombe ezintathu zinikezwa ukugeza okugubha kanye namapaki angu-108 amanzi. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi ngu- Snana Yatra futhi kwenzeka ngenyanga egcwele ngenyanga yesiHindu inyanga yaseJyeshtha (eyaziwa ngokuthi uJyeshtha Purnima ). Ngo-2018, liwela ngoJuni 28. Kukholelwa ukuthi onkulunkulu bayothola umkhuhlane ngemuva kokugeza. Ngakho-ke, zigcinwa ngaphandle kokubuka umphakathi kuze zivele, zivuselelwe, ngenyanga entsha e-Ashadha (eyaziwa ngokuthi u- Ashadha Amavasya ). Ngo-2018, liwela ngoJulayi 12. Lesi senzakalo sibizwa ngeNavajouban Darshan.
I-Rath Yatra ngumkhosi womphakathi. Abantu abakhulekeli ezindlini zabo noma bazila ukudla.
Lapho onkulunkulu bebuya ohambweni lwabo, bahlotshiswe futhi bahlotshiswe ngemihlobiso yegolide elihlanzekile futhi banikezwa isiphuzo esinomsoco, ngaphambi kokubuyiselwa ngaphakathi kwethempelini laseJagannath.
Isenzakalo sokuqhafaza se-comic sisetshenziselwa ababukeli, njengengxenye yesiphetho esikhulu. Umamakazikazi uLakshmi uthukuthele ngokuthi umyeni wakhe, Nkosi Jagannath, uhlale kude isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokumema noma ukumtshela. Uvala iminyango yethempeli kuye, emkhiphela ngaphandle. Ekugcineni, uyakwazi ukumisa ngamaswidi, futhi uyabuya futhi amvumele angene.
Yimiphi imihlahlandlela yamaRath Yatra yama-2018?
- I-Sri Gundicha: July 14 . Ukubekwa kwezinkulunkulu ezinqoleni kanye nokuya ethempelini laseGundicha. Inqola yokuqala ukuhamba yiyo iNkosi Balabhadra. Okulandelayo yi-Subhadra, kanye nokugcina kweNkosi uJagannath.
- UHera Panchami: NgoJulayi 17. Owesifazanekazikazi uLakmimi, inkosikazi yeNkosi uJagannath, uyakhathazeka ngoba engabuyeli. Ethukuthele, uya eNtabeni yeGundicha ukumthola futhi abone ukuthi kwenzekani.
- I-Bahuda Yatra: Julayi 22 . Uhambo oluhle lokubuyela emuva ekungeneni kweSango likaSango leTheku leJagannath. Izinqola zidonsa ngendlela elandelanayo.
- Suna Besha: Julayi 23 . Umhlobiso wezinkulunkulu ezemihlobiso yegolide. (Lokhu kuyisiko esithandwa kakhulu).
- I-Adhara Pana: Julayi 24 . Ukunikela onkulunkulu isiphuzo sokusekela okunempilo.
- Niladri Bijay: Julayi 26 . Izizwe zibuyiselwe ngaphakathi kweJagannath Temple.
Yini Engayilindela Emnyangweni WeRath Yatra?
Umkhosi weRath Yatra yiyona kuphela isikhathi lapho abazinikeli abangama-Hindu abangavunyelwe ngaphakathi ethempelini, bangathola umbono wabo onkulunkulu. Ukubona nje kweNkosi uJagannath enqoleni, noma ngisho nokuthinta inqola, kubhekwa njengento enhle kakhulu.
Inani elikhulu labantu abazinikezelayo abaya emkhosini lifaka ingozi yokuphepha. Izilwane zivame ukulahlekelwa esixukwini esikhulu, ngakho kufanele kunakekelwe ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe.
Ulwazi Oluthakazelisayo NgeNkosi Jagannath
Isithombe seNkosi uJagannath asinaso izikhali nemilenze. Uyazi ukuthi kungani? Ngokusobala, yayiqoshwe ngokhuni ngumbazi njengoba iNkosi ifika eNkosini ephusheni, futhi yamyala ukuba ithole isithombe. Uma noma ubani ebona isithombe ngaphambi kokuthi siphelile, umsebenzi ngeke uthuthukise noma yikuphi okunye. INkosi yaba nesineke futhi yathatha isithunzi, futhi isithombe asihlali singaphelele. Abanye abantu bathi ukungapheleli kukaJagannath kubonisa ukungapheleli okusizungezile, futhi lokho kuyisikhumbuzo sokuba nomusa kulabo abahlukile kithi.