Njalo ngonyaka, sigubha uSuku lweMhlaba ngo-Ephreli 22. Kuyithuba lokubonisa ukubonga kwethu kwemvelo nokufunda ukuyivikela. UJeff Campbell, umbhali we- Last of the Giant: Ukuvuka Nokuwa Kwezilwane Ezivelele Kakhulu Emhlabeni , ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakhe lweSuku Lomhlaba.
Uyini usuku lweMhlaba nokuthi luwusizo kanjani ekuphakamiseni ulwazi?
Usuku Lomhlaba lwaqala ngo-1970, kanti owokuqala kuthiwa ukusiza ukukhuthaza ukunyakaza kwemvelo kwanamuhla.
Ngama-1960, sasivuka nje emthelela omubi wokungcoliswa kwemboni emiphakathini yethu. Namuhla, sithatha izinyathelo eziningi zokunqoba kwemvelo kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kalula. Sibheke ukuba namanzi ahlanzekile ukuphuza nokuhlanza umoya nokuphefumula, futhi kuyisihlamba uma singenjalo.
UMthetho Wezitshalo Ezingcupheni nawo wadluliswa phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Into eyodwa ukuthi Usuku Lomhlaba lusize ukuba usivusele kuze kube yilapho sasithinta izilwane zasendle. Ngawo-1970, u-ukhozi oluluhlaza lwaphela cishe eMelika, futhi ukutakula kwe-ukhozi kungenye yezindaba ezinhle kakhulu zokulondolozwa. Kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi izilwane zasendle zihlupheka ngisho nakakhulu namuhla kunalokho ezazikhona ngaleso sikhathi. Sibhekene nenkinga yokuqothulwa komhlaba wonke, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yethonya lethu emhlabeni wethu. Imithelela yethu ezilwaneni ihilela okuningi kunokungcola nje kuphela, futhi izinkinga ziyanzima ukulungisa. Kodwa kudingeka siphathe ukuvikeleka nokulungiswa kwehlane njengoba kubaluleke kakhulu njengokuba nemanzi ahlanzekile nomoya.
Uma izinto eziphilayo zingakwazi ukusekela izilwane zasendle, usuku luzofika ekugcineni lapho izinto eziphilayo zingeke zisisondeze.
Amapulazi aphezulu ama-5 aphezulu
Zikhona izinto abantu abangayenza ngosuku lweMhlaba ukuze basize iplanethi yethu?
Ngicabanga ukuthi usuku lomhlaba luyisizathu esihle sokugubha iplanethi yethu emangalisayo, futhi ukuphinda ucabange ukuthi isithombe esivelele seMhlaba njengemabula enkulu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ilenga ebumnyameni bendawo.
Kuyisikhathi sokubonga ngokuphila, impilo yethu kanye nokuphila ngokwakho, okuyinto imfihlakalo futhi isimangaliso. Kuye, lokho kwanele, futhi uma lokho kwakuwumkhuba wansuku zonke, khona-ke umbuzo walokho okudingeka sikwenze ukunakekela izwe lethu nokuziphatha ngobubele kuzo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo zizoziphendulela. Kunezinqwaba, amakhulu ezinyathelo esingayithatha ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, futhi eziningi ziphelela phansi e-desert ethic: hamba kancane futhi ungashiyi lutho ngemuva.
Ukubuyekeza kwesikhungo sesayensi saseLouisville
Yini abantu abangayifunda ezilwaneni?
Angikwazi ukukhuluma ngabanye, kodwa esinye sezifundo ezijulile engizitholile ekucwaningweni kwalezi zincwadi ezimbili zokugcina ukuthi izilwane eziningi zifana kangakanani, ikakhulukazi izilwane ezincelisayo zomphakathi, nokuthi zingakanani izidalwa ezincike komunye nomunye. Lokhu kuyiqiniso emazingeni womuntu ngamunye nezinhlobo. Izilwane ngokuvamile zihlakaniphile kunalokho esikucabangayo, futhi zikwazi okungaphezu kwalokho esiziqaphelayo; ukuhlanganyela impilo yethu nezilwane kuyisibusiso kanye nenzuzo esithembele kuyo. Futhi lokhu kubonakala sengathi kuyindlela eyakhelwe ngayo. Yonke impilo iyodwa, futhi lokhu kuhlanganisa nathi. Uma izinto eziphilayo ziphilile futhi zizinzile, zisekela uhlu olugcwele lwazo zonke izinhlobo zezidalwa, kusukela ezinkulu kuya ezincane kakhulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, enye into engiyifundile ukuthi singamnaki lezi zixhumanisi kanye nezinto ezifakiwe ezingozini yethu.
Yini esingayifunda njengabantu ekutadisheni izinhlobo zasendulo?
Singafunda emaphutheni ethu, into eyodwa. Iphuzu elilodwa engizama ukukwenza Ekugcineni kwamaGiants ukuthi, okungenani phakathi neminyaka engama-500 edlule, izindaba zokuqothulwa kanye nezindabuko zezinhlobo zezilwane ezisengozini ziyizindaba ezifanayo ngamaphuzu ahlukene ngesikhathi. Noma okungenani, bayoba indaba efanayo uma singenzi lutho ngokuhlukile. Uma, sithi, sithanda ukuba nama-tigers nama-rhino nendlovu emhlabeni wethu, futhi sifuna ukuba bagweme ukuba enye indaba yokuqothulwa njenge-aurochs noma i-moa, ngakho-ke kufanele sishintshe. Kumele silungise ngokucophelela okuphukile. Kumele siqaphele umthelela wethu, sibone ukuthi izilwane zasendle zidinga yini ukusinda zodwa, bese ziphuma endleleni yazo.
I-recipe yokulondoloza izilwane empeleni ilula kakhulu - lokho abakudinga ikakhulukazi isikhala nokukhululeka ekuphazamiseni kwabantu - kodwa ukuhlinzeka ukuthi izilwane zasendle zinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezweni lethu lanamuhla.
Ingabe lesi sihloko obhale ngaso ngaphambili? Ingabe lena yincwadi yakho yokuqala?
Leli yincwadi yami yesibili yokungabonakali kubantu abadala. Ukuqala kwami kwakunguDaisy ekuHluleni , okwashiwo izindaba ezingamashumi amahlanu zezilwane ezisindisa izimpilo zabantu njengendlela yokuhlola ukuhlakanipha kwezilwane kanye nesibopho somuntu nesilwane. Omunye wemilayezo eyinhloko kule ncwadi yukuthi kufanele siphathe zonke izilwane ngesihawu nokukhathalela, ngenxa yokuthi izilwane zazo zonke izinhlobo zibonisa ikhono eliphawulekayo lokunakekela nokusihawukela - ngokusikhulula ngokoqobo ekufeni. Ngendlela efanayo, ngokutshela izindaba zalezi zinhlobo ezingavamile kodwa ezilahlekile futhi ezisengozini ku- Last of the Giants , ngithemba ukuthi abafundi bazozwelana nezilwane zasendle futhi baqaphele isidingo sokulondeka. Inja eyodwa ingasindisa impilo eyodwa, kodwa ukulondoloza izimpisi, amabhere, izindlovu, ama-tigers, nokuningi kuzosiza ukusindisa indawo yethu yokuphila kanye nokuphila kwethu konke.
Lokho kusho ukuthi, ngidonsele kakhulu kulolu daba lokulondolozwa lapho ngingumlobi wokuhamba ngeLonely Planet. Ngavumelanisa iziqondiso eHawaii, eFlorida, eNingizimu-ntshonalanga naseCalifornia, zonke izindawo zobuhle obuningi bemvelo ezibhekana nezinkinga ezinkulu zokuhlaselwa kwemvelo. Umsebenzi wami njengomlobi wokuhamba wawusiza abantu abaqondisayo ukuthi bangakujabulela kanjani izindawo ezinhle kunazo zonke eMelika ngaphandle kokuzilimaza, futhi lokho kwangenza kwaba nokuziphatha okujulile kwemvelo kimi.
Zikhona yini ezinye izincwadi ongabonisa ngazo abantu abanentshisekelo kwisayensi?
Kuningi kakhulu ongabhala, ngempela. Bobabili uJared Diamond noStephen Jay Gould basize ukuba ngithakazelise kakhulu emlandweni wemvelo, futhi ngingancoma noma yikuphi kubo. Ngokufanayo, imibhalo kaJane Goodall ayinamandla kakhulu, futhi incwadi yakhe ethi Hope for Animals and World Yabo yathonya kakhulu ekugcineni kweGiants . Ngokulondeka, ngincoma ukuthi uMarc Bekoff Wakha Izinhliziyo Zethu , kanti mhlawumbe incwadi ebaluleke kunazo zonke ngu Edward Wilson's Half Earth .