Umhlahlandlela we-Dummies ku-Airbus

Umlando Womkhiqizi

I-Airbus ne-Boeing yibo abakhiqizi bezindiza ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni. Umlando kaBoing ubuyela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 ezinsukwini zokuqala zezindiza. Kodwa i-Airbus incane kakhulu, okwenza umfutho wayo ube mnandi kakhulu.

Emhlanganweni ngoJulayi 1967, izikhonzi ezivela eFrance, eJalimane naseBrithani zavuma "ukuthatha izinyathelo ezifanele zokuthuthukiswa okuhlanganyelwe kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezindiza." Ukuthutha kwenziwa ngemuva kokuba amazwe amathathu aqaphele ukuthi ngaphandle kohlelo lokuthuthukiswa kwezindiza nokuthuthukiswa, IYurophu izoshiywa ngemuva kokulandela amaMelika, owawubusa imboni.

NgoMeyi 29, 1969, eParis Air Air, uNgqongqoshe wezokuThutha waseFrance, uJean Chamant, wahlala noNgqongqoshe wezomnotho waseJalimane, uKarl Schiller, ngesikhathi ehlekwa yikhishi lendiza entsha futhi wasayina isivumelwano ngokusungula ngokusemthethweni i-A300, amawele wokuqala ezwe -engine width jet passenger kanye nokuqala ngokusemthethweni Uhlelo Airbus.

Indalo ehlelekile yase-Airbus yenzeke ngoDisemba 18, 1970, lapho i-Airbus Industrie idalwe ngokusemthethweni nabalingani be-Aerospatiale eFrance ne-Deutsche Airbus yaseJalimane, eqale yaseParis bese ihambela eTououse.

Ukushayela kokuqala kwe-A300 kwenzeka eTououse ngo-Okthoba 28, 1972. Le nkampani yakhuthaza u-Apollo astronaut, uFrank Borman, i-CEO ye-Eastern Airlines ukuba athathe ama-A300 amane "ngokuqashisa" izinyanga eziyisithupha bese enquma ukuthi ayothenga yini.

Ngemuva kwecala lezinyanga eziyisithupha, uBorman wayala ama-A300B4 angu-23 ngezinketho eziyisishiyagalolunye ngoMashi 1978, isivumelwano sokuqala se-Airbus esisayinwe nomthengi wase-US.

Lokhu kulandela imiyalo eminingi, futhi ngasekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi, i-Airbus yathi ihambise izindiza ezindiza ezingu-81 A300 kuya kwezingu-14, ezikhonza imizi engu-100 ehlukene emazweni angu-43.

Le nkampani yabheka ekwakheni i-jet single-aisle jet ukuncintisana ne-Boeing 737 eyimpumelelo. NgoJuni 1981 eParis Air Show, i-Air France yanikeza uhlelo lwe-A320 amandla amakhulu nge-oda 25, kanye nezinketho ezingu-25 naphezu kwe-jet hhayi ukuqaliswa ngokusemthethweni kuze kube ngoMashi 1984.

Ngosuku lokuqaliswa kwe-A320, i-Airbus yamemezela ama-oda angama-80 aqinile avela kumakhasimende ayisihlanu okuqaliswa - i-British Caledonian, i-Air France, i-Air Inter, iCyprus Airways ne-Inex Adria yaseYugoslavia ngaleso sikhathi. liphinde laphumelela ukunqoba umyalelo kusuka kumakhasimende ayo wesibili e-US, iPan Am.

I-Airbus yabe isithuthela ekwakheni i-medium kuze kube yilapho ibanga elide A330 amawele amabili nobude obude A340 izindiza ezine injini; bobabili basungulwa ngoJuni 1987. Ngokulandelayo, ngo-March 1993, i-Airbus yayinezindiza zokuqala ze-jet engasetshenziswanga, i-A321, umncintiswano we-Boeing ka-757. Ezinyangeni ezintathu kamuva, umenzi wasungula indawo engu-124 A319, ke eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, isihlalo esingu-107 A318 saqala.

Ngo-June 1994, i-Airbus yamemezela izinhlelo zokwakhiwa kwezindiza ezinkulu zomhlaba jikelele-ezikwazi ukuthwala abantu abangu-525 ngokucushwa kwamakilasi amathathu - i-Airbus A380 ephanga kabili. Ngo-Disemba 19, 2000, i-Airbus yasungula ngokusemthethweni i-jumbo jet, ngama-50 ama-firm firm kanye nezinketho ezingu-42 ezivela opharetha abayisithupha emhlabeni jikelele - i-Air France, i-Emirates, i-International Lease Finance Corporation, i-Qantas, i-Singapore Airlines ne-Virgin Atlantic.

Indiza yokuqala ye-A380 yenzeke eTououse ngo-Ephreli 27, 2005, ngendiza ehlala amahora amathathu nemizuzu engu-54. Indiza yaqala ukusebenza ngo-Okthoba 25, 2007 ku-Singapore Airlines.

Ngo-Disemba 10, 2004, ibhodi le-Airbus lanikeza ukukhanya okuluhlaza ukuvula yonke i-A350 entsha, eyenzelwe ukuncintisana ne-Boeing 777 no-787. Kodwa kwakuyinselele ukuletha indiza ukuthi imakethe. I-A350 ekuqaleni yayilungiselelwe ukuqinisa i-Airbus 'ekhona i-A330-200 ne-A330-300.

Ngemva kokuvuselela kabusha ukuxazulula ukukhathazeka kwamakhasimende, i-Airbus iqalile ukuvuselelwa i-A350 XWB (eyengeziwe ye-widebody) ngomhla ka-1 Disemba 2006.

Ngo-Mashi 2007, i-Finnair yayiyi-airline yokuqala yoku-oda i-A350 XWB. Leyo oda yayilandelwa imiyalo nokuzibophezela ezinkampanini zezindiza kanye nezinkampani zokuqashisa eYurophu, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, e-Afrika, e-Asia-Pacific, naseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika - kanye nokuqaliswa kwamakhasimende Qatar Airways. Uhlelo lokuhlolwa kanye nesitifiketi se-A350 XWB lukhishwe ngamagesi aphelele ngoJuni 14, 2013. Lapho imodeli yokuqala ihamba indiza yayo esuka eToulouse-Blagnac Airport eFrance.

Phakathi kweziphakamiso ngo-2014 kwaba ukulethwa kwezi-22 ze-A350 XWB yokuqala kuQatar Airways, indiza ye-Airbus 'A320neo (injini entsha yokukhetha) kanye nokwethulwa kwe-A330neo version ngesikhathi seFarnborough Airshow yaseLondon.

Ngonyaka we-2015 iParis Air Air, i-Airbus inqobe ibhizinisi elingama $ 57 billion eliyizinkulungwane ezingu-421 zezindiza - eziqinile izindiza ezingu-124 ezibiza u-$ 16.3 billion nezibopho zezindiza ezingu-297 ezibiza u-$ 40.7 billion. Kusukela ngo-Juni 30, 2015, umkhiqizi waseFrance unemiyalo engu-816 yomndeni wakwa-A300 / 310, imiyalo engu-11 804 yomndeni wakwa-A320, imiyalo engu-2,628 yomndeni we-A330 / A340 / A350 we-XWB kanye nemiyalo engu-317 ye-A380, engama-15 , Izindiza eziyi-619.

Umlando uhloniphekile nge-Airbus