Ngisho nezwekazi elinamazwe angama-54 ahluke kakhulu , i-Afrika inezilimi eziningi. Kucatshangwa ukuthi phakathi kwezilimi ezingu-1,500 no-2 000 kukhulunywa lapha, abaningi banesethi sabo sezinkulumo ezihlukahlukene. Ukwenza izinto zidideke nakakhulu, emazweni amaningi ulimi olusemthethweni alufani nolwimi lwesi-franca - okungukuthi, ulimi olukhulunywa iningi lazakhamuzi zalo.
Uma uhlela uhambo oluya e-Afrika , kuwumqondo omuhle ukucwaninga kokubili ulimi olusemthethweni kanye ne-lingua franca yezwe noma isifunda oya kuwo.
Ngale ndlela, ungazama ukufunda amagama ambalwa noma amagama ngaphambi kokuhamba. Lokhu kungaba nzima - ikakhulukazi lapho ulimi lungabhaliwe ngefoni (njengesiBhunu), noma kufaka phakathi ama-consonants (njenge-Xhosa) - kodwa ukwenza umzamo uzotholwa kakhulu ngabantu ohlangana nabo lapho uhamba khona.
Uma uhamba ekoloni yangaphambili (njengeMozambique, Namibia noma iSenegal), uzothola ukuthi izilimi zaseYurophu nazo zingase zifike kahle - nakuba uzilungiselele isiPutukezi, isiJalimane noma isiFulentshi ozwayo lapho uzwakala uhluke kakhulu kunase-Europe. Kulesi sihloko, sibheka izilimi ezisemthethweni nezikhulunywe kakhulu kunazo zonke zezindawo zokuhamba ezihamba phambili zase- Afrika , ezihlelwe ngokulandelana kwe-alfabhethi.
I-Algeria
Izilimi ezisemthethweni: I-Standard Standard Arabic nesiTamazight (i-Berber)
Izilimi ezikhulunywa kakhulu kunazo zonke e-Algeria yi-Algerian Arabic ne-Berber.
I-Angola
Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiPutukezi
IsiPutukezi sikhulunywa njengolimi lokuqala noma lwesibili ngabantu abangaphezu kwezingu-70%. Kunezilimi ezingaba ngu-38 zase-Angola e-Angola, kuhlanganise Umbundu, Kikongo kanye neChokwe.
IBenin
Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiFulentshi
Kukhona izilimi ezingu-55 eBenin, ezithandwa kakhulu yi-Fon ne-Yoruba (eningizimu) noBeriba noDendi (enyakatho).
IsiFulentshi sikhulunywa ngabantu abangama-35 kuphela kuphela.
I-Botswana
Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiNgisi
Nakuba isiNgisi yilona ulimi oluyinhloko olulotshiwe eBotswana, iningi labantu likhuluma isiSetwana njengolimi lwabo.
Cameroon
Izilimi ezisemthethweni: isiNgisi nesiFulentshi
Kunezilimi ezingaba ngu-250 eCameroon. Kulezi zilimi ezimbili ezisemthethweni, isiFulentshi sikhulunywa kakhulu kakhulu, kanti ezinye izilimi ezibalulekile zesifunda zihlanganisa uFang no-Piggin Pidgin English.
I-Cote d'Ivoire
Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiFulentshi
IsiFulentshi ulimi olusemthethweni nolwimi lwesiNgisi eCote d'Ivoire, nakuba kukhulunywa ngezilimi ezingaba ngu-78 zomdabu.
I-Egypt
Ulimi olusemthethweni: I-Standard Standard yase-Arabhu
I-lingua franca yaseGibhithe yi-Egyptian Arabic, ekhulunywa yiningi labantu. IsiNgisi nesiFulentshi nazo zivamile ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.
Ethiopia
Ulimi olusemthethweni: isi-Amharic
Ezinye izilimi ezibalulekile e-Ethiopia zihlanganisa i-Oromo, iSomalia ne-Tigrinya. IsiNgisi yilona ulimi oluvelele kakhulu olufundiswa ezikoleni.
IGabon
Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiFulentshi
Abantu abangaphezu kuka-80% bangakhuluma isiFulentshi, kodwa iningi lisebenzisa isi-40 sezilimi zomdabu njengolimi lwabo. Kulawa, okubaluleke kunazo zonke yi-Fang, Mbere noSira.
I-Ghana
Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiNgisi
Kunezilimi ezingaba ngu-80 ezahlukahlukene eGhana. IsiNgisi yi-lingua franca, kodwa uhulumeni uxhasa izilimi ezingu-8 zase-Afrika, kuhlanganise noTwi, u-Ewe noDagbani.
Kenya
Izilimi ezisemthethweni: IsiSwahili nesiNgisi
Zombili izilimi ezisemthethweni zisebenza njengelwimi lwesiKenya, kodwa kulabo ababili, isiSwahili yiyona ekhulunywa kakhulu kunazo zonke.
ILesotho
Izilimi ezisemthethweni: isiSuthu nesiNgisi
Abantu abangaphezu kwezingu-90% baseLesotho basebenzisa isiSuthu njengelulwimi lokuqala, nakuba kusetshenziswa izilimi ezimbili.
Madagascar
Izilimi ezisemthethweni: isiMalagasy nesiFulentshi
IsiMalagasy sikhulunywa kulo lonke elaseMadagascar , nakuba abantu abaningi bekhuluma isiFulentshi njengolimi lwesibili.
Malawi
Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiNgisi
Kukhona izilimi ezingu-16 eMalawi, okukhulunywa ngazo kakhulu yiChichewa.
I-Mauritius
Izilimi ezisemthethweni: isiFulentshi nesiNgisi
Abaningi baseMauritiya bakhuluma isiCreole saseMauritian, ulimi olusekelwe kakhulu eFrance kodwa futhi luboleka amagama ezilimi zesiNgisi, zase-Afrika naseNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia.
Morocco
Ulimi olusemthethweni: I-Standard Standard Arabic ne-Amazigh (i-Berber)
Ulimi olukhulunywa kakhulu kunazo zonke eMorocco yiMoroccan Arabic, nakuba isiFulentshi siyisilimi sesibili kwabakhamizi abaningi bezwe.
I-Mozambique
Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiPutukezi
Kunezilimi ezingu-43 ezikhulunywa eMozambique. Okukhulunywa kakhulu kunazo zonke yiPutukezi, kulandelwa izilimi zase-Afrika njengoMakhuhuwa, isiSwahili kanye nesiShangaan.
ENamibia
Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiNgisi
Naphezu kwesimo salo njengolimi olusemthethweni eNamibia, abangaphansi kuka-1% bamaNamibi bakhuluma isiNgisi njengolimi lwabo. Ulimi olukhulunywa kakhulu kunazo zonke ngu-Oshiwambo, olulandelayo yiKhoekhoe, isiBhunu nesiHerero.
ENigeria
Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiNgisi
I-Nigeria inezilimi ezingaphezu kuka-520. Okukhulunywa kakhulu kunazo zonke kuhlanganisa isiNgisi, isiHausa, isi-Igbo nesi-Yoruba.
U Rwanda
Izilimi ezisemthethweni: isiKinyarwanda, isiFulentshi, isiNgisi nesiSwahili
IsiKinyarwanda ulimi lwabazali abaningi baseRwanda , nakuba isiNgisi nesiFulentshi ziqondwa kabanzi kulo lonke izwe.
Senegal
Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiFulentshi
ISenegal inezilimi ezingu-36, okukhulunywe ngaso kakhulu yiWolof.
Iningizimu Afrika
Izilimi ezisemthethweni: isiBhunu, isiNgisi, IsiZulu, isiNgisi, isiNdebele, iVenda, iSwati, isiSuthu, isiNorthern Sotho, iSonga nesiSwana
Abantu abaningi baseNingizimu Afrika babilimi futhi bangakhuluma okungenani izilimi ezingu-11 ezisemthethweni zezwe. IsiZulu nesiXhosa yizilimi zomama ezivame kakhulu, nakuba isiNgisi siqondwa abantu abaningi.
Tanzania
Izilimi ezisemthethweni: IsiSwahili nesiNgisi
Bobabili isiSwahili nesiNgisi bangama-lingua franca eTanzania, nakuba abantu abaningi bengakwazi ukukhuluma iSwahili kunokukhuluma isiNgisi.
I-Tunisia
Ulimi olusemthethweni: i-Literary Arabic
Cishe wonke amaTunisia akhuluma ngesi-Arabhu ngesi-Arabhu, ngesiFulentshi njengolimi lwesibili oluvamile.
Uganda
Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiNgisi nesiSwahili
IsiSwahili nesiNgisi yizilimi ze-lingua e-Uganda, nakuba abantu abaningi basebenzisa ulimi lwendabuko njengelulwimi lwabo. Okuthandwa kakhulu kuhlanganisa i-Luganda, i-Soga, i-Chiga, ne-Runyankore.
Zambia
Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiNgisi
Kunezilimi ezingaphezu kwezingu-70 nezilimi ezahlukahlukene eZambia. I-Seven ihlonishwa ngokusemthethweni, kuhlanganise neBemba, Nyanja, Lozi, Tonga, Kaonde, Luvale noLunda.
Zimbabwe
Izilimi ezisemthethweni: Chewa, Chibarwe, isiNgisi, iKalanga, uKoisan, Nambya, Ndau, Ndebele, Shangani, Shona, ulimi lwezandla, isiSuthu, isiTonga, isiTswana, isiVenda nesiXhosa
Izilimi ezingu-16 ezisemthethweni zaseZimbabwe, isiNgisi, isiNdebele nesiNgisi yizona ezikhulunywa kakhulu.
Lesi sihloko sibuyekezwe nguJessica Macdonald ngoJulayi 19, 2017.