Akekho owazi kahle ukuthi igama elithi "spa" livelaphi, kodwa kunezinkolelo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Owokuqala, futhi othandwa kakhulu, yilo "spa" liyisigama segama lesiLatini elithi salus nge-aqua noma "impilo ngemanzi." Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi imvelaphi yegama elithi "spa" livela edolobheni laseBelgium le-Spa, elaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zamaRoma ngenxa yokugeza. Bacabanga ngokuthi idolobha lalivelele kakhulu kangangokuthi lelo gama elithi spa lalingana ngolimi lwesiNgisi lendawo okumele ibuyiselwe futhi ifakwe.
Noma yikuphi okuyiqiniso, siyazi ukuthi ama-spas anamuhla asuka emizini yasendulo eyakhula emanzini amaminerali namachiza ashisayo ayedume ngamandla awo okuphulukisa. Ukusetshenziswa kweziphethu ezishisayo kubuya ngisho nangaphezulu-cishe noma nini lapho abantu beqala ukuzithola. Zasetshenziswa ngabantu bomdabu, futhi amaGreki ayeziwa ngokugeza emithonjeni eshisayo namanzi amaminerali. KwabaseRoma, amabhati ayengeyona indawo yokuhlanza kuphela, kodwa ngokuzijabulisa, isiko esasakazela empumalanga futhi siguqukele eHammam yaseMpumalanga Ephakathi .
Isiko samaRoma sokugeza saswa nombuso, kodwa abantu babesazisa imithombo eshisayo nemithombo yamaminerali. Ngesikhathi lapho umuthi waseNtshonalanga wawuncane kakhulu ngezindlela zokwelapha, abantu babeya emithonjeni ukuze baphathe izifo zabo. Ezikhathini zesikhathi esidlule, izakhiwo zazingezansi futhi abacebile nabampofu abahlukana, kodwa bahlanza ngamachibi afanayo.
Lo mkhuba wawuzophela njengoba abacebile bethola ukuthi bangakwazi "ukuthatha amanzi" ezindaweni eziningi ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Amadolobha amakhulu ama-Spa ase-1900
Ngekhulu le-19, i- Kurorte enkulu yaseYurophu ("amadolobha okuphulukisa") njengeBaden-Baden, ama-Bad Ems, amaBasteintein, iKarlsbad, neMarienbad yayiyindawo enhle kakhulu yokuthola isigaba sokucebile nesokukhula kwamabhuntshi., Ngokusho kukaDavid Clay Large, umbhali I-Grand Spas YaseYurophu Ephakathi (iRowman & Littlefield, 2015), Lezi zindawo ezinkulu ze-spa "zazilingana nezikhungo zezokwelapha ezinkulu zamanje, ukuhlala kabusha kwama-rehab, izindawo zokugezela igalofu, izakhiwo zenkomfa, imibukiso yemifashini, imikhosi yomculo, kanye nezigcawu zobulili-zonke zihanjelwe eyodwa. "
Esinye sezizathu zokwenza ukuthi umuthi waseWesternic awunaso okuningi ukunikela ngaleso sikhathi. Amanzi okuphulukisa kwakuyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu sokukhululeka kwesifo samathambo, ukuphefumula, ukugaya ukudla kanye nokugula kwemizwa. "Abantu baya ezindaweni zokubeka amathemba ngokuphulukisa konke okuvela emdlalweni ukuya emthonjeni," Kubhala abakhulu. "Kodwa ngokuvamile njengoba kungenjalo 'abaqaphi' nabo bahamba badlale, bajabulele futhi bahlanganyele. Ngesikhathi sabo, ama-spas amakhulu ayebhekwa ngobuciko bemasiko, imecca yeqiniso yobuciko. abaholi behlela e- Kurorte ukuba baxoxisane ngezivumelwano, basebenzise izivumelwano futhi bahlele izimpi. "
Ukuphumula kwe-Spa yesimanje
Izimpi zomhlaba ezimbili kanye nokwanda kwemithi yesimanje kwenza okuningi ekunciphiseni imithombo yamakhulu ama-spa amakhulu. IYurophu namanje inamasiko okugeza okuhlanzekile, njengoba kubonakala emahlathini amakhulu aseJalimane nase- sphala thalassotherapy eFrance, eSpain nase-Italy.
EMelika, abantu baqala ukubona iziphethu ezishisayo nama-spas amaminerali njengama-antiquated futhi kwaba khona ukuhamba. Ukuphakama kwe-spas isizukulwane esisha kwaqala ngo-1940, lapho u-Edmond noDeborah Szekely bavula i- Rancho La Puerta eMexico njengendawo yokuqala yokuhamba kuyo "ama-nuts ezempilo." UDeborah waqala ukuqala i-Golden Door eningizimu yeCalifornia ngo-1958.
Zombili ama-spas asekhona phakathi kwama-spas ezweni elihle kakhulu.
Basiza ekusizeni i-The Oaks e-Ojai ngo-1977, eyaphefumulela uMel no-Enid Zuckerman ukuba bavule i-Canyon Ranch Tucson ngo-1979. Ngama-1990 nangaphezulu kwakuyisikhathi sokukhula okukhulu, nezindawo zokungcebeleka zinezela ama-spas amahle, nokuqhuma kwama-spas ngosuku . Ngo-2015 bekukhona ama-spas angaphezu kuka-21,000 e-US, iningi lalo li-spas yosuku, ngokusho kwe-International Spa Association.