I-Metropolitan Cathedral ngokungangabazeki iyodwa yezakhiwo ezibaluleke kakhulu esikhungweni semlando saseMexico City . Ngaphandle kokubaluleka kwalo kwenkolo, iqukethe isishwankathelo sama-500 eminyaka yobuciko bezakhiwo nobuciko baseMexico. Eyakhelwe phezu kwezinsalela zethempelini le-Aztec kulokho okwakungaphakathi komuzi wase-Aztec waseTenochtitlan, abaseSpain abaqolisayo bakha isonto elikhulu kakhulu emazweni aseMelika.
Ubukhulu balo obukhulu, umlando wayo othakazelisayo nobuciko bawo obuhle nezakhiwo zakhe zenza lokhu kungenye yezakhiwo ezivelele kakhulu kuleli zwe.
I-cathedral iyisihlalo se-Archdiocese yaseMexico futhi isendaweni engasenyakatho yeZocalo, isikwele esiyinhloko saseMexico City, eceleni kwesayithi lezindawo zokuvubukula eMeya, okuzokunikeza umbono wokuthi le ndawo yayifani ngaphambi kokufika AmaSpanish kuma-1500s.
Umlando weMetropolitan Cathedral
Lapho abaseSpain beqeda idolobha laseTenochtitlan langaphambi kweSpanishi lase-Aztec futhi banquma ukwakha idolobha labo elisha kulo, enye yezinto eziqala kuqala kwakhiwa isonto. Eqaphela lokhu, umnqobi uHernán Cortes wayala ukwakhiwa kwesonto futhi wanikeza uMartin de Sepulveda umsebenzi wokwakha emasendlini amahempeli ase-Aztec. Phakathi kuka-1524 no-1532, i-Sepulveda yakha isonto elibheke empumalanga nasentshonalanga elibhekene nesonto ngesitayela samaMoor.
Eminyakeni ethile kamuva, uCarlos V wamisa ukuba yi-cathedral, kodwa kwakungenalutho inani labakhulekeli futhi abonakala elincane kakhulu ukuba bakhonze njengedokhumende yenhloko-dolobha yaseNew Spain. Ukwakhiwa okusha kwaqala ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kukaClaudio de Arciniega, owahola ugqozi oluvela ekhontathini yaseSeville.
Izisekelo zesonto elisha zafakwa ngesikhathi se-1570s, kodwa abakhi bahlangabezana nezinselele ezihlukahlukene ezanciphisa isiphetho sephrojekthi. Ngenxa yesikhumba esincane esinqunyiwe kwakunqume ukuthi ukusebenzisa i-limestone kungaholela ekwakheni isakhiwo, ngakho-ke bashintsha edwaleni lentaba-mlilo eyayingamelana nokukhanya okukhulu. Isikhukhula esibi kakhulu ngo-1629 sabangela ukubambezeleka kweminyaka eminingana. Ukwakhiwa okuyinhloko kwaqedwa ngo-1667 kodwa i-Sacristy, imihombo yebell kanye nokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi kwakungeziwe kamuva.
I-Sagrario Metropolitano, engxenyeni esempumalanga yecala eliyinhloko lethempeli, lakhiwa nge-18th Century. Ekuqaleni kwaklanyelwe ukufaka ingobo yomlando kanye nezembatho zika-archbishop, kodwa manje ukhonza njengesonto eliyinhloko lamasonto. Ukukhululeka okungenhla kwesango layo kanye ne-mirror-image portal ehlangothini lwasempumalanga yizibonelo ezinhle kakhulu zesitayela seChurrigueresque esihlobisa ama-hyper.
Ukwakhiwa Okumangalisayo
Isakhiwo esikhulu kakhulu singamamitha angaphezu kuka-350 ububanzi futhi ububanzi obungamamitha angu-200; imibhoshongo yayo yebell ifinyelela ngamamitha angu-215 ubude. Le mibhoshongo emibili yebell iqukethe inani elilodwa lama-bells angu-25. Uzoqaphela inhlanganisela yezitayela ezahlukene ekwakhiweni nasekuhlotsheni, kufaka phakathi i-Renaissance, i-Baroque, ne-Neoclassic.
Umphumela jikelele uhambelana nokho ngandlela-thile uvumelana.
Uhlelo lwesiteji se-cathedral luyi-Latin shape shape. Isonto libheke enyakatho naseningizimu nesakhiwo esikhulu esakhiweni esaseningizimu yesakhiwo, sineminyango emithathu kanye ne-atrium ebiyelweyo. Iphoyisa eliyinhloko linemiphumela ebonisa ukusizwa kwe-Virgin Mary, okunikezelwa yikhishophu.
Ingaphakathi iqukethe ama-nave amahlanu anama-chapel angu-14, i-sacristy, isakhiwo se-chapter, i-choir kanye ne-crypts. Kukhona ama-altare ayisihlanu noma ama- retablos : i-altare lokuthethelela, i-Altare lamaKhosi, i-altare elikhulu, i-altare levusiwe uJesu, ne-Altare leMariya waseZapopan. Ikheyibheli leCathhedral lihlotshiswe ngendlela ehlonishwayo ngesitayela samaBaroque, ezinamalungu amabili amakhulu kanye nempahla enikezwe emakoloni eMbusweni waseSpain e-Asia. Isibonelo, isango elizungezile i-choir livela ku-Macao.
I-crypt yama-Archbishops itholakala ngaphansi kwe-altare lamaKhosi. Ngeshwa, ngokuvamile kuvaliwe izivakashi, kodwa kuyaphawuleka ukuthi bonke ababengumBhishobhi Omkhulu baseMexico bangcwatshwa khona.
Kumelwe-Bona Ubuciko
Eminye yemidwebo enhle kunazo zonke ngaphakathi kwe-cathedral ihlanganisa i-The Assumption of the Virgin- odwetshwa nguJuan Correa ngo-1689-no-Woman of the Apocalypse, umdwebo we-1685 kaCristobal de Villalpando. I-altare lamaKhosi, uJerónimo de Balbás owakhweba kakhulu ngo-1718, ibuye ivelele futhi iqukethe imidwebo kaJuan Rodriguez Juarez.
Isikhumbuzo Sokuthumba
Isiteleka sika-cathedral ngokusobala esingalingani siwumphumela wesakhiwo esiwela phansi. Umphumela awugcini kuphela ekamelweni lesonto: wonke umuzi ugoba ngesilinganiso esijwayelekile samamitha amathathu ngonyaka. I-cathedral yinkinga enzima kakhulu, njengoba igoqa ngokungalingani, okugcina ingasongela ukusinda kwesakhiwo. Imizamo ehlukahlukene yenzeke ukuze kusindiswe isakhiwo, kodwa kusukela ukwakhiwa kunzima futhi kwakhiwe ngezizinda ezingalingani, kanti phansi komuzi wonke ubumba obuluhlaza (lokhu kwakunguyimbhedeni yangaphambili), ukuvimbela isakhiwo ukuba singanaki ngokuphelele kungenakwenzeka, ngakho-ke imizamo isisekelo kusihlwa ngaphandle kwesisekelo ukuze isonto lizocwilisa ngokufanayo.
Ukuvakashela iKathedral
I-Metropolitan Cathedral itholakala enyakatho yeMexico City Zócalo, ekuphumeni kwesiteshi sesitimela saseZócalo emgqeni ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Amahora: Vula kusukela ngo-8 ekuseni kuya ku-8: 00 nsuku zonke.
Ukungena: Akukho sikhalazo sokungena esontweni. Umnikelo ucelwa ukuba ufake i-choir noma i-sacristy.
Izithombe: Izithombe zivunyelwe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-flash. Sicela uqaphele ukuphazamisa izinsizakalo zenkolo.
Ukuvakashela i-Bell Towers: Ungathenga ithikithi lemali encane ukukhuphuka izitebhisi kuze kube semibhoshongweni yebell njengengxenye yohambo olunikezwa izikhathi eziningana nsuku zonke. Kukhona isiteji ngaphakathi kwethempeli elinolwazi kanye namathikithi. Uhambo lunikezwa kuphela ngesiSpanishi, kodwa umbono owodwa uwufanele (uma ungakhathazeki ngezinyathelo futhi ungesabi izinto eziphakeme). Ukuzamazama komhlaba kokuwa kuka-2017 kubangele ukulimala emibhoshongweni ye-bell, ngakho-ke ukuvakasha kwendonga ye-bell kungahle kumiswe okwesikhashana.