Ukwethulwa kwezintaba ezingu-14 ezide kakhulu emhlabeni
Izintaba ezingu-14 ezide kunazo zonke emhlabeni zibizwa ngokuthi "abayizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili" ngoba ngalinye liphakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kwamamitha angu-8 000.
Zonke izinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili zikhona emaHumalaya ase-Asia nasezintabeni zezintaba zaseKarakoram. Uhlu lweKarakoram luhlukanisa i-India, i-China ne-Pakistan.
- Funda mayelana nokuya eNepal ukubona abaningi kulabo abayizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili.
Izintaba Ezide Kakhulu Emhlabeni
Ngenkathi iChina iphakamisa izinketho ohlwini lwabantu abayizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili ngo-2012, lezi ziqu ezingaphezu kwamamitha angu-26 247 yizona eziqashelwa ngokomthetho umphakathi womhlaba.
Laba bantu abayizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili bahlelwe ngokuphakama:
- I-Mount Everest: amamitha angu-8 848 (29,029 amamitha); eliphakathi kweChina neNepal.
- I-K2: 8,611 amamitha (28,251 amamitha); eliphakathi kwePakistan neChina.
- Kangchenjunga: 8,586 amamitha (28,169 amamitha); eliphakathi kweNepal ne-India.
- I-Lhotse: amamitha angu-8,516 (amamitha angu-27,940); eliphakathi kweChina neNepal.
- Makalu: amamitha angu-8 485 (amamitha angu-27,838); eliphakathi kweChina neNepal.
- Cho Oyu: 8,201 amamitha (26,906 amamitha); eliphakathi kweChina neNepal.
- I-Dhaulagiri I: Amamitha angu-8 167 (amamitha angu-26,795); eliseNepal.
- I-Manaslu: Amamitha angu-8 163 (amamitha angu-26,781); eliseNepal.
- I-Parbat: 8,126 amamitha (26.660 amamitha); esisePakistan.
- I-Annapurna I: 8,091 amamitha (26,545 amamitha); eliseNepal.
- I-Gasherbrum I: Amamitha angu-8 080 (amamitha angu-26,444); ephakathi kweChina nePakistan.
- Intaba Ephakeme : Amamitha angu-8,051 (amamitha angu-26,414); ephakathi kweChina nePakistan.
- I-Gasherbrum II: amamitha angu-8 044 (amamitha angu-26,358); ephakathi kweChina nePakistan.
- I-Shishapangma: amamitha angu-8,027 (amamitha angu-26,335); e-China.
I-Himalaya e-Asia
Intaba ye-monster yezintaba ye-monster yiyona ephakeme kakhulu emhlabeni ngokudubula okude. I-Himalayas isilinganiso noma umngcele amazwe ayisithupha: i-China, i-India, iNepal, i-Pakistan, iBhutan , ne-Afghanistan. Ngentaba i-Everest, abayizinkulungwane ezingu-8, nezintaba ezingaphezu kwezingu-100 eziphakama ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-7 200, ama-Himalayas ayimvelo yezintaba ezinkulu.
Intaba ephakeme kunazo zonke ngaphandle kwe-Asia yi-Aconcagua e-Argentina ngenani eliphakeme ngamamitha angu-6 960 (22,837 amamitha). I-Aconcagua ingenye yezingqungquthela eziyisikhombisa - izintaba ezide kunayo yonkekazikazikazi.
Mount Everest
INkosi yabasebenzi abayizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili, mhlawumbe akekho enye intaba emhlabeni etholakala ngokunyathelisa okukhulu njengeNtaba Everest eyaziwa kakhulu. Kusobala ukuthi iNtaba i-Everest ingaba yintaba ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni ngokulinganisa nesilinganiso samanzi, kodwa, akuyona into enzima kakhulu noma eyingozi ukukhuphuka.
Kusukela ngo-2016, abantu abangaphezu kuka-250 bashonile bezama ukuhlangana ne-Mount Everest. Nakuba izinga lokushona lilinganiselwa ku-4.3 ukufa kwabantu abayizinkulungwane eziyi-100 - okuphansi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso samafutha angu-38 ku-Annapurna I - ukuthandwa kwentaba kanye nokuvota kwemizamo yokubamba iqhaza kunikeze idumela ngokuthi liyingozi kunazo zonke.
INtaba i-Everest imile e-Himalayas phakathi kweTibet neNepal. Kodwa njengoba idume njengeNtaba Everest isiye yaba, empeleni ayiyona intaba evelele kakhulu. Abaningi abahamba phambili ngesikhathi seNepal abaqiniseki ukuthi yikuphi uhlangothi oluzungezile yiNtaba i-Everest kuze kube yilapho othile ekhomba!
- Bona kuphi i-Mount Everest futhi ufunde amaqiniso amangazayo mayelana nentaba.
Ukukhuphuka Abangu-Eight-Thousanders
I-feat, okuyinto eyingozi kakhulu, isikweletu esinikezwa i-Italian Reinhold Messner ngokuba ngumuntu wokuqala ukuthumela ngokuphumelelayo bonke abayishumi nane kwabayisishiyagalombili; wakwenza ngaphandle kokusiza amabhodlela oksijini.
Wayengumkhumbi wokuqala ukukhuphukela eNtabeni i-Everest ngaphandle kwe-oxygen eyengeziwe. I-Messner ishicilelwe, phakathi kwezinye izincwadi eziningi, izikhumbuzo zakhe Kuzo Zonke Izinkulungwane Eziyisishiyagalombili-Eziyinkulungwane .
Kusukela ngo-2015, abantu abangu-33 kuphela abakhuphuke ngempumelelo kuzo zonke izinkulungwane ezingu-14 ezingu-8, nakuba abanye abagibeli abaningana baye benza izimangalo eziphikisanayo ezingazange ziqinisekiswe.
Uma ukukhuphuka kwezintaba ezingu-14 ezinde kunazo zonke zomhlaba kwakunganele ngokwanele, abagibeli bezintaba banamathele ngokuzama ama-sumit ngaphandle kwe-oxygen. I-Austrian mountaineer uGerlinde Kaltenbrunner waba ngowesifazane wokuqala ukukhuphuka bonke abayizinkulungwane eziyi-14 nesishiyagalombili ngaphandle kokusebenzisa oksijini okwengezayo.
Abanqamula izintaba ezimbalwa baye bajoyina abancane abancane abakhetha ukukhuphuka ebusika. Kuze kube manje, i-K2 kuphela (ephakathi kwePakistan neChina) ne-Nanga Parbat (ePakistan) ayingakapheli izinyanga zasebusika.
Ngo-2013, i-Broad Peak (emkhatsini wePakistan neChina) ekugcineni yahlungwa phakathi nobusika.
Njengoba izinga lokushisa elilinganiselwa ku-38% (abangaphezu kweyodwa kwabaqashi abathathu bayashona), u-Annapurna I waseNepal unesihloko esicasulayo njengentaba eyingozi kunazo zonke emhlabeni. I-K2 ifika okwesibili ngesilinganiso sokushisa esingaba ngu-23% (ngaphezulu kweyodwa kwabahlanu abagibeli ababhubhayo).
Ukuhamba Ngama-Eight-Thousanders
Nakuba empeleni ukukhuphuka kwezintaba eziphakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni kungase kungenakwenzeka kithi abaningi, ukuhamba eduze kwezintaba kunikeza imibono engavamile ngaphandle kwezingozi zomzamo wesigungu. Imikhumbi ingahle ihlelwe ngaphambi kokuba usuke ekhaya noma uma usenhlabathini kuma- ejensi ahlukahlukene ezweni .
Isimangalo se-Annapurna esifundeni seNepal singaphulwa zibe izingxenye noma sigcwaliswe emavikini amabili kuya kwamathathu. Uhambo oludumile oluya e-Everest Base Camp eNepal lungagcwaliswa nanoma ubani ofanelekayo ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa kwegesi noma ezobuchwepheshe.