Iyini i-tsunami?
Ama-tsunami ama-waves amakhulu wamanzi avame ukubangelwa ukuzamazama komhlaba, ukuqhuma noma omunye umcimbi ohambisa amanzi amaningi. E-ocean ovulekile, ama-tsunami ayinalutho futhi awunakuqondwa amehlo. Uma ziqala, amagagasi e-tsunami amancane futhi avulekile-ukuphakama kwamagagasi kungaba okuncane njengonyawo, futhi kungaba ngamamitha amade ubude futhi uhambe ngokushesha kakhulu, ngakho bangadlula cishe abangaqapheli baze bafike emanzini angenalutho eduze komhlaba.
Kodwa njengoba ibanga eliphakathi kwephansi phansi kolwandle futhi amanzi athola amancane, amagagasi amancane, amancane, asheshayo agxila emajukwini aphakeme kakhulu, anamandla ageza emhlabathini. Kuye ngesilinganiso samandla ahilelekile, angakwazi ukufinyelela ukuphakama okungaphezu kwamamitha angu-100. Funda kabanzi mayelana nama-tsunami.
I-tsunami ka-2004
I-Tsunami ka-2004, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-2004 Ocean Ocean Tsunami, iTunami ye-Indonesian ka-2004 noma i-Boxing Day Tsunami ka-2004, yaba enye yezinhlekelele zemvelo ezibi kakhulu emlandweni oqoshiwe. Kwabangelwa ukuzamazama komhlaba okungaphansi kwe-undersea okulinganiselwe ubukhulu obuphakathi kuka-9.1 kuya ku-9.3, okwenza kube yi-quake yesithathu enamandla kunazo zonke owake wabhalwa.
I-tsunami ukuthi ukuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu okwakhiqizwa kwabulawa abantu abangaphezu kuka-230 000 e-Indonesia, eSri Lanka , India naseThailand, bahamba ngamakhulu ezinkulungwane zabantu futhi babangela ukulimala kwempahla eyizigidigidi zamaRandi.
Impumelelo kaTsunami eThailand
I-tsunami yahlasela ulwandle oluseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeThailand ku-Andaman Sea, ebangela ukufa nokubhujiswa kusukela emngceleni osenyakatho neBurma kuya emngceleni oseningizimu neMalaysia.
Izindawo ezithintekayo kakhulu ngokulahlekelwa kwempilo kanye nokubhujiswa kwempahla zasePhang Nga, Phuket , naseKrabi , hhayi nje ngenxa yendawo yabo, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi kwakuyizindawo ezithuthukile kakhulu nezinabantu abaningi kakhulu ogwini.
Isikhathi seTsunami, ekuseni emva kukaKhisimusi, saqinisa ukulahlekelwa impilo eThailand, njengoba sishaya izindawo ezihambela kakhulu ezokuvakasha e-Andaman Coast ngesikhathi sezinsuku zokuphumula, ekuseni lapho abantu abaningi besesezindlini zabo noma emakamelweni ehhotela .
Kulaba bantu abangaba ngu-5 000 abafa eThailand, cishe isigamu babephesheya bezofika emazweni angaphandle.
Iningi lolwandle olusentshonalanga lasePhuket lonakaliswe kakhulu yi-tsunami, futhi imizi eminingi, amahotela, izindawo zokudla kanye nezinye izakhiwo endaweni ephansi zidinga ukulungiswa okuphawulekayo noma ukwakha kabusha. Ezinye izindawo, kuhlanganise ne- Khao Lak enyakatho yePhuket e-Phang Nga, zacishe zabhujiswa ngokuphelele ngamagagasi.
Ukuvuselelwa kabusha
Yize iThailand yahlupheka kakhulu ngesikhathi seTsunami, yakwazi ukuvuselelwa ngokushesha uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe amaningi. Kungakapheli iminyaka emibili cishe wonke umonakalo wawususwe futhi izindawo ezithintekayo zavuselelwa. Ukuhamba e-Phuket, e-Khao Lak noma e-Phi Phi namuhla namathuba awuboni ubufakazi obubonisa ukuthi i-tsunami yenzeke.
Ingabe Kungenzeka Enye I-Tsunami?
I-tsunami ye-2004 yabangelwa ukuzamazama komhlaba okungenzeka ukuthi isifunda esikhulu kunazo zonke esasibonile eminyakeni engu-700, isenzakalo esingavamile kakhulu. Ngenkathi ukuzamazama komhlaba okuncane kungabangela futhi ama-tsunami, uma ngabe kukhona okwenzekayo kuzodingeka uthembele ukuthi izinhlelo ezintsha ezikhona zokubona ama-tsunami futhi zixwayise abantu bazoba ngokwanele ukugcina abantu abaningi.
Uhlelo lokuxwayisa le-tsunami
I-Pacific Tsunami Warning Centre, eqhutshwa yi-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), isebenzisa idatha yesimo semvelo kanye nesistimu yolwandle olwandle ukuhlola umsebenzi we-tsunami nokukhipha ama-bulletin, amawashi, nezixwayiso mayelana nokufika kwama-tsunami emgodini wasePacific.
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-tsunami awashayi umhlaba ngemuva kokukhiqizwa (angathatha cishe amahora ambalwa kuye ngokuthi ukuzamazama komhlaba, uhlobo lwe-tsunami kanye nebanga ukusuka emhlabathini) uma kukhona uhlelo olusendaweni ukuze luhlaziye ngokushesha idatha futhi lunikeze ingozi kubantu emhlabathini, iningi lizoba nesikhathi sokufika emhlabathini ophakeme. Ngesikhathi se-Tsunami ka-2004, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha okusheshayo noma uhlelo lokuxwayisa komhlaba lwalukhona, kodwa kusukela ngaleso sikhathi amazwe abandakanyekile asebenze ukuxazulula lokho kungaphumeleli.
Ngemuva kweTunami ka-2004, iThailand yakha uhlelo lwezokuthutha lwe-tsunami ngemibhoshongo ye-alamu eceleni kolwandle, kanye nomsakazo, ithelevishini, nezixwayiso zomlayezo wombhalo kanye nemigwaqo ekhishwe ngokucacile ezindaweni ezihlala abantu abaningi. Isixwayiso se-tsunami ka-Ephreli 2012 esabangelwa ukuzamazama komhlaba e-Indonesia kwakuyivivinyo elihle kakhulu lohlelo.
Nakuba ekugcineni kwakungekho tsunami enkulu, okungenani eThailand zonke izindawo ezingase zithinteke zaxoshwa ngokushesha. Thola okuningi mayelana nokulungiselela i-tsunami kodwa khumbula ukuthi ama-tsunamisi yizehlakalo ezingavamile kakhulu futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi uzothola eyodwa ngenkathi uhamba eThailand.