Uma uhlela i-Safari yase-Afrika, kulula ukubanjwa ku- Big Five mania. Kodwa-ke, kukhona okuningi ezindaweni zasendle zezwekazi kunezintambo namahhashi. Kulabo abazimisele ukuphawula, i-Afrika iphinde ibe nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezinyoni ezimangalisayo - cishe abangaba ngu-2 500, ukuba ziqonde ngqo. Ukuhamba ukusuka kwe-Cape penduline-tit encane kuya kwenyoni ejwayelekile (inyoni enkulu emhlabeni), lo mcebo wokuphila kwemifino kusho ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba abagibeli bezinyoni bangabi nesithukuthezi phezu kwe-safari.
Akukho lutho olufana nokuthakazelisa kokubona izinhlobo ezintsha zezinyoni okokuqala, noma ukuthola okungafani kwesifunda lapho ungalindele khona. Nokho, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunqotshwa kwezinyoni (noma ukushayela, njengoba kubuye kwaziwa ngezinye izikhathi) kukunikeza ithuba lokuchitha amahora obhekene nokuthula kwesihlahla sase-Afrika. Ikufundisa ukuba ujabule ezintweni ezincane, ukuhlala ukhululekile futhi uhambele embukisweni wemvelo. Kulesi sihloko sibheka izindlela ezinhlanu ezilula zokuthuthukisa isipiliyoni sakho sezinyoni .
01 ka 05
Funda Izinyoni Zakho
Mangrove Kingfisher, eNingizimu Afrika. Jessica Macdonald Uma ungumuntu omusha ekuhloleni izinyoni (noma okusha kulokho okuhlosiwe khona), isinyathelo sokuqala ukuzijwayeza ngezinyoni zezindawo. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza lokhu ukuthenga incwadi yenyoni yesifunda, futhi uthathe isikhathi sokubukeka ngaphambi kokuba uhambe. Qala ngokufunda ukuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani imindeni yezinyoni eziyinhloko. Lokhu kusho ukukwazi ukutshela amathanga akho kanye nama-bittern kusuka kuma-kites akho kanye nama-hawks; noma izikhumba zakho ezivela kumadada akho namahansi. Ukwazi izici zomndeni ngamunye yisinyathelo sokuqala sokubona izinyoni ozibona ehlathini.
Uma usubonile ukuthi imiphi imindeni inyoni, kunezinkomba eziningana ezikusiza ukuba ukhombise izinhlobo eziqondile. Eyokuqala kwalokhu ubukhulu nokuma - ingabe inyoni enkulu, noma encane? Inyoni encane, enomphefumulo osinde isikhathi eside noma inyoni enamandla enemilenze emifushane? Ukuma nombala wemilenze kanye nesibhilidi nakho kuyizinto ezibalulekile zokukhomba. Ngokwesibonelo, isibhakabhaka, njengesibhakabhaka eside, sinamaphiko; ngenkathi i-canary ingabala kodwa inamandla. Incwadi yakho yezinyoni kufanele ibuye ikunikeze ulwazi mayelana nendawo ngayinye yokuhlala nokusabalalisa, okungakusiza ukuba wenze i-ID enembile.
Uma ufunda izinyoni zakho, qaphela ngokukhethekile umehluko phakathi kwezinyoni zesilisa nezinsikazi zezinhlobo ezifanayo. Izinyoni ezincane zibukeka zihluke kakhulu kubantu abadala, kanti ezinye (ikakhulukazi izinyoni zakho ezidla inyamazane, noma ama-raptors) zivela embala ehlukene embala. Izinhlobo ezincane zezinyoni ezinjengezinyosi namapipits, zibukeka zifana, futhi zibonakala kalula ngokushaya izingcingo. Ukuhlonza izinyoni kuyit talenta ethatha amashumi eminyaka ukuze iphelele - kodwa ungadangali. Uyomangala ukuthi usheshe uthathe kanjani izinto eziyisisekelo.
02 ka 05
Yazi ukuthi ungabheka kuphi
I-Pygmy Falcon ku-Sociable Weaver Nest, eNamibia. Jessica Macdonald Ukwazi ukuthi ubheke kuphi kubaluleke kakhulu njengoba ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke. Lokhu kusho ukukhetha indawo yokuhamba eyaziwa ngezinyoni zayo - iMkhuze Game Reserve eNingizimu Afrika kanye neCaprivi Strip eNamibia yizinqumo ezimbili ezinhle kakhulu. Kubuye kusho ukufunda lapho ufuna izinhlobo ezithile. Lokhu kungaba okujwayelekile: isibonelo, izinyoni zobhala zivame ukubonwa ezindaweni ezinomhlabathi ovulekile, kuyilapho ama-African goshawks ejabulela amahlathi amnyama. Kungaba futhi okucacile - isibonelo, ama-pygmy falcons avame ukubonwa ngaphakathi noma ezungeze izidleke ezithandanayo.
Hamba emadamu nemifula ukuze ubuke izinyoni zamanzi, futhi ubheke amehlo esibhakabhakeni sokukhuphuka kwama-raptors. Uma usuvele unezinhlobo zezinhlobo ongathanda ukuzibona, qiniseka ukwenza ucwaningo lwakho kusengaphambili. Ezinye izinyoni ze-Afrika ezinomusa kakhulu zinokusabalalisa okuncane kakhulu. I-eprotemic yaseCape ebomvu, isibonelo, ivinjelwe emaqenjini amancane ehlathi lase-afromontane empumalanga yeNingizimu Afrika. Uma sekuyisikhathi sokuqala ukuvakashela indawo yokugcina (noma uma ungakaze uzame ukuhamba ngezinyoni ngaphambi), inkambo engcono kakhulu ukuqasha izinsizakalo zenhlangano yendawo yezinyoni.
03 ka 05
Khetha i-Binoculars Efanele
Ukuskena Izinyoni, Namibia. Jessica Macdonald Ama-binoculars angumngani omkhulu wezinyoni. Ngaphandle kwabo, cishe akunakwenzeka ukubona izinyoni ezide kakhulu, noma ukuthola umbono ocacile wezici ezisiza ngokuzisiza. Kunezinketho ezingenakubalwa ezitholakalayo, kusukela kumanani avela ku-$ 100 kuya ku-$ 2,000 noma ngaphezulu. Ngokusobala, ama-binoculars aphezulu-we-the-range ngamakhamera afanekayo afana ne-Swarovski noLeica abanikeza okuhlangenwe nakho okubukeka kahle kakhulu, kodwa akudingekile ukuba uzibophezele. Ngalokho kuthiwa, ukulondolozwa okwenziwe phakathi kwebanga eliphakathi kwamaphesenti kuwufanelekile ukutshalwa kwezimali.
Ngakho-ke, ungakhetha kanjani ukuthi yiziphi i-binoculars engcono kuwe? Zonke i-binoculars zinesibalo sezinombolo kulabo abheka into enjengale: 8x32. Inombolo yokuqala ibhekisela ekukhuliseni kwabo, futhi okwesibili kubhekisela ebubanzi be-lens ngamamitha. Ngokwe-birding, ukukhuliswa phakathi kuka-8 no-10 kulungile. Ngokubanzi i-lensi, okungcono - ngoba amalensi avulekile angena ekukhanyeni okungaphezulu, okwenza kube lula ngawe ukubona imininingwane emibhalweni ephansi yokukhanya. Zama izinhlobo ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuthenga. Uzofuna ukuhlola ngayinye ngokucacile kwesithombe, ukukhululeka kokugxila kanye nohla olugxile.
Ukushayela kungaba nzima kumshini wakho, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha iqoqo eliqinile elinamanzi lamabhayisikili. Amanye amamodeli (njenge-Midgege Videx Viper HD 8x42 enconyiwe) afaka iwaranti yokuphila.
04 ka 05
Yenza okungcono kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe
Ukudweba izithombe ze-Rock Kestrels, eNamibia. Nikeza uMacdonald Cabanga ukutshala imali ekhamera elihle lekhwalithi, ukuze ukwazi ukurekhoda ukubona kwakho futhi usebenze ekuboneni izinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi enduduzo yendlu yakho. Okusemqoka ekhamera ye-birding kufaka i-ISO ephezulu (ukulungiselelwa okwenza ikhamera yakho ifeze izithombe ezinhle ezimweni eziphansi zokukhanya) nesilinganiso sefreyimu esheshayo. Amafolda angaphezulu ongadubula ngomzuzwana ngamunye, cishe uzothola ukudubula okuphelele kokukhipha. Ukubaluleka kubalulekile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha i-SLR nge-lens telephoto noma ikhamera yebhuloho ene-zoom yangaphakathi enhle.
Uma uhlela ukuhamba nge-smartphone noma i-iPad, qiniseka ukuthi ulanda uhlelo lokusebenza lwezinyoni. Kulabo abaya eNingizimu Afrika, indlela engcono kakhulu yi-app Roberts VII Multimedia. Kanye nomhlahlandlela wenkundla evamile, lolu hlelo lokusebenza likuvumela ukuba uqhathanise izinyoni ezifanayo nokudlala izinyoni zezinyoni. Ibuye isize ekuqapheleni, inikeza ibalazwe izindawo ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokubheka izinyoni futhi ikuvumela ukuthi udale izinhlu zokubona. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza noma izincwajana eziningi zendabuko, ukugcina uhlu lwezinyoni ozibonayo kuyindlela enhle yokugcina isithakazelo - kuxwayiswe noma kunjalo, umlutha.
05 ka 05
Thola ilungelo lokuvala isikhathi
I-Eagle Owl esetshenzisiwe, eNingizimu Afrika. Jessica Macdonald Njengezinto eziningi empilweni, isikhathi sithatha konke okwenza izinyoni zezinyoni. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ziyasebenza ngezikhathi ezahlukene zosuku, ngakho-ke uzodinga ukuhlela u-safari ngokufanele. Ngokuvamile, ekuseni nakusasa ntambama zihamba kahle, nezinyoni eziningi zikhetha ukuhlala zifihlekile ngesikhathi sokushisa kosuku. Kodwa-ke, ama-raptors avame ukubonakala egibela ama-thermals ashisa phakathi nenyanga, kuyilapho ezinye izinyoni (njengezinhlanzi zasebusuku nezinhlobo ezithile ze-owl) ziphuma kuphela emva kokunyama. Uma ungakwenza, bhukha okungenani umzila owodwa ubusuku ukuze uthole okungcono kokubili zomhlaba.
Isikhathi sithatha nangokukhetha isikhathi esifanele . Ngezansi kwe-equator, ihlobo liletha ukufudumala kwabafuduki bezinkathi ezivela ezindaweni ezibandayo zaseYurophu nase-Asia. Amanzibhisi ashiya lapho izindawo zawo zoma, futhi zibuyele ekuqaleni kwesikhathi semvula. Ngokuvamile, izimvula nazo zihambisana nokuqothulwa kwezinambuzane, okuheha izinyoni ezinambuzane ezinkulungwane zazo. Isikhathi esifanele sincike yiziphi izinhlobo ozilindeleyo nokuthi uya kuphi. Bheka incwadi yakho yezinyoni noma umhlahlandlela wokuhamba, noma ucabange ukucela iseluleko seqembu lokubhansela lendawo ngaphambi kokuhlela uhambo lwakho.