Isingeniso sezilwane ezinkulu ze-Safari ezinhlanu ze-Afrika

01 ka-06

I-Big Five: Ukwethulwa kwe-Afrika ye-Safari Royalty

Uma uhlela i-Safari yase-Afrika, uzokwazi ukuthi igama elithi 'Big Five' lingenye yezisholo zokuthengisa ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu embonini ye-safari. Izakhiwo zegeyimu ezamukela i-Big Five izovame ukusebenzisa leli qiniso njengephoyinti elikhulu lokuthengisa-kodwa lisho ukuthini? Emagcekeni omdlalo kanye namapaki kazwelonke aseNingizimu Afrika , i-Big Five imelela ubukhosi be-safari - ingonyama yase-Afrika, ingwe yaseAfrika, indlovu yase-Afrika, i-Cape buffalo, kanye nebhejane (noma emhlophe noma emnyama).

Le nkulumo ekuqaleni yayihlanganiswe nabazingeli bokuqala bezemidlalo abaqaphela ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zaziyizilwane ezinzima kunazo zonke futhi eziyingozi kakhulu ukuzizingela ngezinyawo. Lokhu kwabenza kwaba yimiklomelo enkulu, ngakho-ke, i-Big Five. Namuhla, le nkulumo ibhekene nokubukwa kwe-safari okufunwa kakhulu-nakuba, empeleni, lokhu kuyindaba yokuthandayo. Ezinye zezilwane zase-Afrika ezinobungozi kakhulu, ezinhle kakhulu noma ezithandekayo azifaki kuhlu olubanzi lwe-Five Five kuhlanganise ne- cheetah , inja yasendle yase-Afrika, isirafu kanye nemvubu .

02 ka 06

Indlovu yase-Afrika

Indlovukazi yase-Afrika (i- Loxodonta africana ) iyisilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, futhi sinomuntu omkhulu kunayo yonke irekodi enesisindo esingaphezu kwamathani ayi-10 / 22,000 amakhilogremu. Zitholakala emazweni angama-37 ase-Sahara futhi ziyakwazi ukuhlala ezindaweni eziningi ezihlukahlukene, kusukela emahlathini asemanzini kuze kube sehlane.

Izindlovu zase-Afrika zifanekisela kahle imvelo yazo, kusukela esikhunjeni sabo esincane (esibavikela emineni ebukhali ehlathini) ezindlebeni zabo ezinkulu (ezisiza ekusakazeni ukushisa nokulawula ukushisa komzimba). Zingadla amanzi angama-50 angamakhilogremu angu-375 wezitshalo nsuku zonke.

Izindlovu ziyizilwane zenhlalo kakhulu. Bahlala emaqenjini aphethwe yizibalo ezivame ukubala abantu abangaphezu kuka-100 futhi axoxisane esebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo zezivunguvungu ezincane ezingahamba ngamamayela amaningi. Amathole amantombazane avame ukuhlala emhlambini wokuphila kwabo, ngenkathi abesilisa abasha behamba beyokwakha amaqembu ezinhlanhla futhi ekugcineni badale izinkomo zabo.

Ngama-1970 kanye nama-80s, ukufunwa komhlaba wonke kwendlovu kwaholela ekunciphiseni okukhulu kwezinamba zezindlovu. Ukuvinjelwa kuzo zonke izinto zokuhweba zendlovu kuye kwasiza ukuzinzisa abantu ababalelwa ku-600,000 kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, kodwa ukuzingela kuseyingxabano enkulu ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni zase-Afrika lapho kunokungazinzi kwezombusazwe. Ngenxa yalokho, indlovu yase-Afrika ihlelwe njenge-Vulnerable ku-IUCN Red List.

Lapho Uzobona Izindlovu: I- Chobe National Park , Botswana; I-Addo Elephant National Park , eNingizimu Afrika; I-Hwange National Park , iZimbabwe; I-South Luangwa National Park, Zambia.

03 ka 06

I-African Lion

Ingonyama yase-Afrika (i- Panthera leo ) yinkosi engekho emthethweni ye-Savannah engaphansi kweSahara futhi iyinkampani yesibili enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni emva kwegagi. Nakuba izingonyama ngezinye izikhathi zizingela emini, zivame ukusebenza kakhulu ebusuku ukuthi yingakho izinsuku eziningi ze-safari ezibonakalayo zinsuku zilele emthunzini. Amabhubesi angalala amahora angama-20 ngosuku.

Ngokungafani namanye amakati, izingonyama izilwane zenhlalo kakhulu. Bahlala emigqumeni evame ukuba neyodwa (noma ngamanye ama-two) abesilisa, abesifazane abaningana, namabhantshi abo. Ama-lioness ngokuvamile enza i-graft elukhuni uma kuziwa ekuzingeleni, ngokuvamile esebenza ndawonye ukuze wehlise inyamazane enkulu. Bazama ukuzingela abazingeli, besebenzisa umbala wabo we-tawny njengengxube ephumelelayo.

Endle, izingonyama zingaphila ezineminyaka engaba ngu-14 ubudala, yize iningi labantu libona izinga eliphezulu lokufa kwezingane, kuyilapho abesilisa bevame ukufa ngenkathi bekulwela ukuvikela indawo yabo. Amabhubesi wesifazane akwazi ukuvumelanisa ukuzalwa kwamabhantshi abo ukuze bakwazi ukusizana ukuwakhulisa. Ama-cubs azalwa ngezimpawu ze-rosette eziphelelwa yisikhathi.

Amabhubesi anezilwane ezimbalwa zemvelo, nakuba izinyosi zivame ukunyathela ama-cubs. Ngokubikezela, umuntu uyingozi enkulu yokuphila. Amasiko wokuzingela endabuko, abazingeli bemidlalo emikhulu, nokulahleka kwemikhakha emikhulu baye bafaka isandla ekunciphiseni abantu abangonyama e-Afrika, ngakho-ke, ingonyama iphinde ibekwe njengezilimaza ohlwini lwe-IUCN Red.

Lapho Uzobona Ingonyama: Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, eNingizimu Afrika; I-Okavango Delta , eBotswana; Indawo yaseMasai Mara , eKenya, i-Ngorongoro Conservation Area, eTanzania.

04 ka 06

I-Leopard yase-Afrika

Ingwe yaseAfrika (i- Panthera pardus ) iyona engcono kunazo zonke izilwane eziyisihlanu ezinkulu. Ngokwemvelo namahloni kanye nobusuku kuphela, izingwe zichitha amahora emini zifihliwe ekubukeni. Bayabagibeli abahle kakhulu, basebenzisa izihlahla ukuskena inyamazane futhi bagcine ababulalayo abasha abafana nezilwane ezinjengezingonyama ne-hyena. Uma ubheka ingwe, khumbula ukubheka phezulu.

I-Leopards iqhutshwe ngokucacile ngochungechunge lwamabala amnyama, noma ama-rosettes. Zinezindawo ezinkulu futhi zivame ukuhlala endaweni efanayo izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Abesilisa bahamba kabanzi kunabesifazane futhi babonakalisa ukutholakala kwabo ngokuvuthwa nokushiya ama-claw marks. Ziqine kakhulu futhi zingathatha phansi inyamazane kakhulu kunabo ngokwabo.

Ukuqina kwabo ukuzingela kuncike ekutheni bakwazi ukugijima ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha angaba ngu-35 / amakhilomitha angu-56 ngehora. Bangakwazi futhi ukujula ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-3/3 emoyeni futhi bahamba kahle kakhulu. I-Leopards isakazwa kulo lonke elase-Afrika eseNingizimu-Sahara futhi ingenye yezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezinhlobo zemidlalo ezitholakala ngaphandle kwamapaki kazwelonke.

Amabala amhlophe entendeni yemisila yawo nangemuva kwezindlebe zawo kwenza omama babonakale emabeleni abo ngisho nasotshani obude. Njengazo ezinye izinhlobo ze-Big Five, izingwe zisongelwa abantu. Izikhukhula zasemapulazini ziye zanciphisa indawo yazo, kuyilapho abalimi bebavame ukudubula ukuba bawabulale ukubulala imfuyo yabo. Zibalwa njengezihlukumezeka ohlwini lwe-IUCN Red.

Lapho Uzobona I-Leopard: Londolozi Game Reserve, eNingizimu Afrika; I-Moremi Game Reserve, eBotswana; I-South Luangwa National Park , iZambia; I-Samburu National Reserve, eKenya.

05 ka 06

Cape Buffalo

I-Cape buffalo (i- Syncerus caffer ) itholakala emigodini yemidlalo ecebile yamanzi kanye namapaki kazwelonke kulo lonke elaseNingizimu Afrika. Kunezinhlobo ezine ezincane ze-buffalo yaseKapa, ​​enkulu kunazo zonke yizona ezibonakala kakhulu eMpumalanga naseNingizimu Afrika.

I-Cape buffalo yizidalwa ezinamandla futhi zithole idumela njengezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu e-Afrika. Bavame ukuthukuthela, ikakhulukazi lapho besongelwa, futhi bahlome isethi ehlanganisiwe yezimpondo ezigobile ezibulalayo. I-buffalo yamadoda ingaba nesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-920 / amaphilisi angu-2,010.

Naphezu kwedumela labo elidangayo, ibhuloho linokuthula komunye nomunye, ngezinye izikhathi lihlangana emasimini avulekile emhlambini yabantu abangaphezu kwenkulungwane. Bavikela amalungu abo ababuthakathaka, kaningi benza umjikelezo wokuzivikela ozungeze izilwane ezigulayo noma ezincane uma zihlaselwa yizingonyama ezihamba phambili.

I-Cape buffalo idinga ukuphuza nsuku zonke futhi ivame ukutholakala eduze kwamanzi. Badla ubude obukhulu, utshani obunamaqabunga nezihlahla, futhi ngaleyo ndlela abakwazi ukuhlala ehlane. I-Cape buffalo iyaqhubeka iyingxenye yezilwane eziningi kakhulu ezifunwa yizilwane zezilwane ezizingela abadlali bezinguquko ezinkulu, futhi zithinteka kakhulu izifo zezinkomo ezifuywayo njenge-rinderpest nesifo sofuba esifubeni.

Lapho ubona khona iKapa Buffalo: I- Kruger National Park, eNingizimu Afrika; I-Chobe National Park, iBotswana; I-Katavi National Park, eTanzania; I-Lower Zambezi National Park, iZambia.

06 ka-06

I-Rhino emhlophe nemnyama

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-rhino e-Afrika: ibhongo elimnyama (i- Diceros bicornis ), ne-rhino emhlophe ( Ceratotherium simum ). Bobabili basengcupheni yokuqothulwa ngenxa yesigameko sobhubhane esibangelwa ukufuna uphondo lwebhejane emazweni ase-Asia. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kunezingulube eziyisihlanu eziyisikhombisa ezibomvu namabhantshi amhlophe angama-20,000 asele endle.

Kakade, izinhlobo ezintathu ze-rhino ezimnyama zibikwe ukuthi ziphela, kanti isibhamu esenyakatho senyakatho sesiphelile esendle. Abakwa-Conservationists basebenza ngokuzikhandla ukuze bavikele ezincane eziphilayo, kepha ikusasa labo lide livikelekile. I-rhino emnyama ibalwe njengeCritical Danger in the IUCN Red List.

Naphezu kwamagama abo, akekho umehluko phakathi komnyama nombhingo omhlophe. Indlela elula yokutshela izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ukubheka izindebe zabo-amahhashi amnyama akhonjiswe futhi aphethwe yi-prehensile, kuyilapho ubhejane obomhlophe bebubanzi futhi bubanzi. Igama lesiDashi elisetshenziselwa "ububanzi" lisho "wijd", futhi ukuphikisa okushiwo leli gama elisinika ibhongo elimhlophe igama layo.

Amahhashi omnyama ngokuvamile ayedwa futhi abe nedumela lokuba nomsindo, kuyilapho amahhashi amhlophe evame ukuhlala ngababili. Amahhashi ama-Black amkhetha izindawo ezigwadule nezindawo eziqhamukayo futhi ziphequluli ze-herbivorous; kuyilapho ama-rhino amhlophe edla ezindaweni ezivulekile ze-savannah. Kucatshangwa ukuthi amahhhishi aye agibela amathafa ase-Afrika iminyaka eyizigidi ezingu-50.

Lapho Uzobona I-Rhino: I- Etosha National Park , eNamibia; Hluhluwe-Imfolozi Park, eNingizimu Afrika; I-Lewa Widlife Conservancy, eKenya; Mkomazi National Park, Tanzania

Isihloko sibuyekezwa nguJessica Macdonald