I-Pulitzer Prize winwright playwright u-August Wilson (ngo-Ephreli 27, 1945 - Okthoba 2, 2005) ungomunye wabalobi abanethonya kakhulu emidlalo yaseshashalazini yaseMelika. Uyaziwa kakhulu ngomjikelezo wakhe ongakaze ube khona wemidlalo engu-10, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Pittsburgh Cycle ngoba konke kudlalwa ngaphandle komdlalo owodwa ku-Pittsburgh lapho u-August Wilson akhule khona. Uchungechunge lwezemidlalo lubhala izinhlekelele nezifiso zabase-Afrika baseMelika phakathi nonyaka ngamunye wekhulu lama-20.
Iminyaka Yokuqala:
Indodana kababa omhlophe nomama omnyama, u-August Wilson wazalelwa uFrederick August Kittel ngo-Ephreli 27, 1945 ePittsburgh, ePennsylvania. Ubaba wakhe, obizwa nangokuthi uFrederick August Kittle, wayengumfiki waseJalimane nombheki futhi wachitha isikhathi esincane nomndeni. Umama wakhe, uDaisy Wilson, uphakamise u-Agasti kanye nabantakwabo abathathu egumbini elincane, lokulala amakamelo amabili eMadolobheni aseMpofu eSigodini sasePittsburgh, esebenza kanzima njengendoda yokuhlanza ukudlala etafuleni.
Ngesikhathi u-August Wilson esemusha, umama wakhe washada noDavid Bedford nomndeni wathuthela eHazelwood, indawo engumsebenzi omhlophe kakhulu. Lapho futhi esikoleni, u-Agasti nomndeni wakhe babhekene nezinsongo nokucwaswa ngokohlanga. Ngemva kokuhamba ezikoleni eziphakeme ezihlukene, kuhlanganise nonyaka ePittsburgh Central Catholic School, u-August Wilson ekugcineni waphuma esikoleni ndawonye, eneminyaka engu-15, waphendukela ekuzifundiseni eMtatsheni weCarnegie.
Iminyaka Ekhulile:
Ngemva kokufa kukayise ngo-1965, u-August Wilson washintsha ngokusemthethweni igama lakhe ukuze adumise unina. Ngawo lowo nyaka, wathenga umshini wokubhala wakhe wokuqala futhi waqala ukubhala izinkondlo. Elandelwa emidlalo yaseshashalazini futhi iphefumulelwe ukunyakaza kwamalungelo omphakathi, ngo-1968 u-August Wilson wasungula i-Black Horizons Theatre e-Hill District yasePittsburgh nomngane wakhe uRob Penny.
Umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala wahluleka ukukhathalela kakhulu, kodwa umdlalo wakhe wesithathu, "Ma Rainey's Black Bottom" (1982), mayelana neqembu labaculi abamnyama abaxoxa ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo emazweni aseMelika, wathola ukuqashelwa kukaAugust Wilson ngokubanzi njengomdlali womdakadli nomhumushi we-Afrika Okuhlangenwe nakho kwaseMelika
Imiklomelo & Ukuqashelwa:
Uchungechunge lwezemidlalo luka-August Wilson lwamenza waziqaphela njengenye yezinkondlo ezidumile kakhulu eMelika futhi wamthola imiklomelo eminingi, phakathi kwabo iTony Award (1985), iNew York Drama Critics Circle Award (1985) kanye nePulitzer Prize for drama (1990). I-Virginia Theatre e-Broadway e-NYC yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i- August Wilson Theatre ngesihlonipho ngo-2005, kanti i-African American Cultural Center yase-Greater Pittsburgh yabizwa kabusha ngokuthi i- August Wilson Centre ye-African American Culture ngo-2006.
I-Pittsburgh Cycle of Plays:
Emidlalweni eyishumi ehlukene, ngayinye ehlanganisa iminyaka eyishumi ekhulwini lama-20, u-August Wilson uhlola izimpilo, amaphupho, ukunqoba kanye nezinhlekelele zemlando kanye namasiko ase-Afrika. Ngokuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-Pittsburgh Cycle," konke okunye komdlalo kuhlelwe endaweni yaseHill District yasePittsburgh lapho u-August Wilson akhule khona.
Umjikelezo ka-August Wilson wemidlalo, ukuze kube yiminyaka eyishumi lapho kusetshenzwa khona ukudlala:
- "Gem of the Ocean," 1904
- "UJoe Turner Uze Uhambe," 1911
- "Ma Rainey's Black Bottom," ngo-1927
- "I-Piano Lesson," ngo-1936
- "AmaGugu ayisikhombisa," ngo-1948
- "Izicingo," ngo-1957-58 no-1963
- "Izitimela ezimbili Zigijima," ngo-1969
- "UJitney," ngo-1977
- "INkosi uHedley, II," ngo-1985
- "I-Radio Golf," ngo-1997
U-August Wilson wathola ugqozi kumculi wase-Afrika waseMelika, i-Romare Bearden. "Lapho mina [u-August Wilson] ngibona umsebenzi wakhe, kwaba okokuqala ngibona impilo emnyama evezwa kuyo yonke inzuzo yayo, futhi ngathi, 'Ngifuna ukwenza lokho - ngifuna imidlalweni yami ibe ilingana neyakhe izikhukhula. '"