U-Penny we-Irish Guy? Umkhuba WaseBrithani Okhohliweyo.
I-Guy Fawkes Night (okungase futhi ibizwe ngokuthi i-Guy Fawkes Day, i-Bonfire Night noma i-Fireworks Night) ngumcimbi wokugubha okwenzeka ngoNovemba 5. Kuqala futhi okubaluleke kakhulu umcimbi waseBrithani futhi usuvele ukhohliwe (noma uthathelwe indawo) ngeminye imikhosi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Umkhosi ukhumbula usuku abaKatolika abambalwa abazama ukusula ukusungulwa kweBrithani (amaProtestanti) okwakusungulwa ... futhi bahluleka.
Ngakho-ke, e-Ireland, uGuw Fawkes Night wayebhekwa njengosuku lomkhosi ojabulisayo kuphela yingxenye yabantu - futhi kulezi zinsuku kuphela imiphakathi yeLoyalist eNyakatho Ireland ingase ibambe izenzakalo ngosuku.
Imvelaphi Ye-Guy Fawkes Night
I-Guy Fawkes Night yavela emzamweni wokubulala owahluleka - ngoNovemba 5 ngonyaka ka-1605, uGuy (noma uGuido) Fawkes waboshwa emasimini ngaphansi kweNdlu yeNkosi. Akagcini nje ukuthi wayesephutha, wabanjwa futhi obomvu ... eqaphe isamba esikhulu sokudubula emiphongolweni. Lokhu kwafakwa ngaphansi kwesakhiwo sephalamende ukuze kubangele ukuqhuma kwegazi phakathi kwamaProthestani abuye abulale iNkosi uJames James I. Inhloso (okungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhona) ekuthiwa yi "Gunpowder Plot" yayiwukuvuselelwa kabusha kwenkosi yamaKatolika eNgilandi futhi EScotland, nokuguqulwa kwezinguquko. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lokhu bekuyophumelela, noma ngabe isakhiwo siphumelele, sivulekile ukuxoxa.
Kungcono kakhulu ukuthi bekuyoba khona isikhathi esifushane sezingxabano kanye nokuhlukumezeka, okulandelwa ukusungulwa kwamaphutha abenzi bezakhiwo.
Uma esho lokhu, uGuy Fawkes ngokwakhe okungenani ubonakala engumKatolika ozinikele futhi ehloniphekile - ngemva kokulwa njengenkosi yamaSonto eSonto LamaKatolika aseSpain ngokumelene namaProthestani aseNetherlands (wafika njengengxenye yebutho lase-Ireland elisekela lezi zihlubuki kuqala. ..
okuyinto ekunqothulweni eyenza ubuso obumangalisayo be-volte futhi yajoyina iSpanishi), wazama ukucela usizo lwesiSpanishi ukuze kusetshenziswe kabusha isiNgisi sokubusa kwamaKatolika. Lokhu kwakungaphumelelanga kakhulu, kepha abangane abahlakulwa yiFawkes ezindaweni eziphakeme ... okwaholela ekubeni abe yingxenye yePlot Powder.
Ngemva kokuboshwa kwakhe, uFawwkes uphenywa futhi (mhlawumbe ngecala lokuzikhazimulisa ngokwakhe) wavuma ngokukhululekile ekuhleleni ukubulawa kwabantu. Ngokuyisimema simema ukubulawa okusheshayo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuzange kusebenze njengoba kuhlelwe - kamuva wahlukunyezwa, ngomzamo wokumenza alahle amagama abo abaqhamuka nabo. Ukuqeda "unecala" esilingo esilandelayo sokuhlukumezeka (emehlweni akhe, uFawkes akazange enze okungalungile ngemva kwakho konke), wayengekho (akumangalisi neze, nokuhlonishwa okukhulu komphakathi) watholakala enecala futhi enecala lokufa isikhathi eside. Njengoba nje "ukukhanga izinkanyezi" emphakathini ukulenga, ukudweba nokwahlukana ngoJanuwari 31, 1606, amaFawwkes abona ukubulawa kwabantu abanobudlova. Futhi-ke, ekuboniseni kokugcina nokuphefumulelwe kokuphikisana, wakwazi ukukopela i-hangman ngokuziphonsa esiceleni esikhulu futhi ephule intamo yakhe.
Ngendlela ... kukhona inkolelo yokuthi lolu phiko lwaloluhlelo lwamaqiniso lwamafulegi nokuthi uGuy Fawkes wasungulwa.
I-Guy Fawkes Night Through the Ages
Ekugubheni iqiniso lokuthi iNkosi uJames James yayisindisile kulo mzamo ongenampilo empilweni yakhe (njengoba inkulumo-mlando esemthethweni yayiphonsa - uGuy Fawkes waboshwa phakathi kwamabili futhi i-IED yokuqala yagcinwa iphephile amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba uJames I eze ukuvulwa IPhalamende elihlelelwe uNgove 5th), amabhonasi okuzenzekelayo avuliwe ngaseLondon. Ngemva kwesikhashana "Ukugcinwa komthetho ka-5 Novemba" kwadlulelwa, okwenza lolo suku kube umkhosi wokubonga wonyaka.
Ebhekene nokunganaki okungokwenkolo nangokweqile emashumini ambalwa ambalwa alandelayo, umphakathi waseBrithani wawuthatha "Usuku Lwezinhlanzi Zomkhumbi" njengodada ngamanzi. Ikhethiwe njengosuku lokugubha, ukubonga nokuhlekisa, ngokushesha kutholakala izinkolelo eziqinile zenkolo. Njengoba kugxila emazweni aphikisana namaKatolika, imikhosi yonyaka yasebenza.
Izithunywa ze-Puritan ikakhulukazi zanikeza izintshumayelo ezivuthayo ezingozini "zepulazini" (ngokuvamile zixonywe ngaphezu kwakho konke okuyiqiniso, kodwa ngokusobala azikho ngaphezu kwenkolelo yonke), zishaya izimvu zabo zibe yizinkathazo zesonto. Yikuphi okwakuqhutshwa ngaphandle kwebandla - izixuku ezingalawuleki azigcini nje kuphela ukugcoba ama-bonfire, kodwa futhi zasebenzisa lezi zitshalo ukushisa upapa noma uGuy Fawkes ku-effigy (ama-effigies ngezinye izikhathi ayegqoke ngamakati okuphila ngemiphumela engcono yemisindo).
Ngesikhathi seRegency (1811 kuya ku-1820) bekuye kwavame kwezinye izindawo izingane ukuba zilungiselele u-Guy Fawkes kahle ngaphambi komcimbi, zithathele emigwaqweni bese uyisebenzisa njengendlela yokucela - ngakho "i-penny kumfana? " Kwakubuye kuvelele kakhulu ezikoleni zakudala okufanele zixazululwe ngobusuku boBufire, ngokuxokozela nokulwa okungaziwa.
Phakathi nesimo sengqondo sekhulu le-19 sashintsha ngokuphawulekayo futhi uMkhosi we-5 kuNovemba Umthetho wasuswa ngo-1859, abaqede ama-anti-Katolika nabahlukumezi bebhekene nawo futhi umkhosi uguqulwa waba umcimbi owenzela umndeni ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka. Phakathi nekhulu lama-20 kwakusabonakala, kodwa namuhla sekucishe kugwetshwe ukungenisa kwe-Halloween kwe-transatlantic.
I-Guy Fawkes Night e-Ireland
I-Gunpowder Plot yayibheke ikakhulukazi eNgilandi naseScotland - kokubili i-Wales ne-Ireland yayibonakala nje ekhombisa ukuthi kwenzekani-lapho, ikakhulukazi i- Ireland yayimatasa ngokuphishekela i-ajenda yakhe isikhathi esiningi . Kodwa izifiki zaseBrithani zithwala isiko likaGuy Fawkes Night yonke indawo, ikakhulukazi emakholoni aseMelika nase-Ireland, ikakhulukazi iZitshalo eNyakatho. ENyakatho Melika yaziwa ngokuthi "Usuku LukaPapa" futhi yalahlekelwa ukuthandwa kakhulu ekhulwini le-18 (ngemuva kokuba yonke inkululeko yokuziphendukela kwemvelo yaphikisana ngandlela-thile ngokugubha ukusinda kwenkosi yaseBrithani). E-Ireland kwakuyi-ikakhulukazi, cishe kuphela, eyabonwa emiphakathini yamaProthestani futhi ngokushesha yaba elinye lamatheksthi emaceleni.
Lezi zinsuku, uGuy Fawkes Night usuke ukhohlwe ngokuphelele, ngisho nasenyakatho ye-Ireland - lapho abantu abaningi abavusa amadlingozi bazokhathala ngenkathi ye-Halloween noma kunjalo (imibono yokuthi uGuy Fawkes Night yayiyindawo yokuqothulwa kwamaProthestani yeSamhain ayikhombisi kakhulu).
I-Bonfire Night in Ireland
I-Ireland igcina ama-"Bonfire Nights" amakhulu amabili kuze kube yilolu suku - enye ingomhla ka-12 kaJulayi (usuku lokugubha usuku lwe- Battle of the Boyne , ngakho-ke ligujwa emiphakathini yeLoyalist). Lokhu kufana nokufana noGuw Fawkes Night lapho kugujwa i-vitriolic anti-Catholicism nokuthi upapa ungashiswa ngendlela ehle kakhulu (kanye nabangosombusazwe njengoGerry Adams). Olunye u- "Bonfire Night" lugubha kakhulu ezindaweni zamaKatolika eSt. John's Eve (ngoJuni 23).
Eminyakeni yamuva, ama-bonfires ahlangene futhi avulelwe i-Halloween. Iningi lalezi ziqhumane zivame ukuba yingozi yezempilo nokuphepha, ngakho-ke amabhunga omphakathi azama ukuvimbela ukuthi avule. Yilokho okwenza kube ithambo lokuxabana ngenxa yemikhosi ephazanyiswa ukufika kwabasebenzi bezimoto , futhi njalo kugxile ekuziphatheni okungenangqondo.