Democracy, Press, and Freedom eHong Kong naseMacau SAR
Nakuba i-SARS imele i-Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ezweni lezokwelapha, akufanele lidideke nesigama SAR e-Republic of People of China, esimele esifundeni esikhethekile sokuphatha , esifundeni esizimele esifana neHong Kong noma iMacau.
I-Hong Kong SAR (HKSAR) ne-Macau SAR (MSAR) balondoloza uhulumeni wabo futhi baqhubeka nokulawula izindaba zasekhaya nezomnotho mayelana namadolobha afanele kanye nezindawo ezizungezile, kodwa izwe laseChina lilawula yonke inqubomgomo yangaphandle-futhi ngezinye izikhathi lisho ukubusa kwalo kula ma-SAR ukugcina ukulawula kwabantu babo.
I-SAR i-SAR ichazwa nguMthetho Oyisisekelo owasayinwa phakathi kweBrithani neChina ngenkathi kuqhutshwa eHong Kong Handover ngo-1997. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kuvikela isimiso senhloko-dolobha saseHong Kong, sichaza ukuzimela kobukhosi kanye nokushicilela futhi kunika inhloso engaqondakali yokuhambisa i-SAR embusweni wenkululeko-okungenani inkolelo.
Umthetho Oyisisekelo eHong Kong
I-Hong Kong yaba i-SAR ngenxa yesivumelwano esangenwe nohulumeni waseChina eBeijing ngokuthi iBusiness Basic, echaza indlela uHong Kong engakwazi ngayo ukuqhuba izindaba zayo zikahulumeni nezomnotho ezahlukana nohulumeni waseShayina osuka eBeijing.
Phakathi kwabaqashi bomthetho loMthetho oyisisekelo ukuthi uhlelo lwe-capitalist ku-HKSAR aluhlali lungashintshi iminyaka engu-50, ukuthi abantu baseHong Kong balondoloze ilungelo lokukhuluma, inkululeko yezindaba, inkululeko yesazela nenkolelo yenkolo, inkululeko yokuzibhikisha , kanye nenkululeko yokuzihlanganisa.
Ngokuyinhloko, lo Mthetho Oyisisekelo uye wavumela ukuvumela iHong Kong ukuba ihlale ikwazi ukuzimela futhi izakhamizi zayo zigcine amalungelo athile anganikwa kuwo wonke izakhamizi zaseShayina. Kodwa-ke, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yamuva nje, iBeijing isiqalile ukulawula ngaphezulu kwesifunda, okuholela ekusebenzeni kwamaphoyisa amaningi eHong Kong.
Usezingeni leNkululeko eHong Kong
Unyaka ngamunye, i-Non-Government Organisation (NGO) Freedom House ikhipha umbiko "ngenkululeko" yamazwe nama-SAR emhlabeni jikelele, futhi umbiko we-2018, i-Hong Kong ilinganise okungu-59 kwabangu-100, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yethonya likaBeijing Isifunda Esikhethekile Sokuphatha.
Ukunciphisa amaphuzu avela ku-61 ngo-2017 kuya ku-59 ngo-2018 nakho kubangelwa ukuxoshwa kwabameli abane-pro-demokrasi esivela esishayamthetho ukuba bangabikho ukufaka isifungo okungalungile kanye nokugwetshwa kwejele labo abaholi be-protest ekunyakeni kwe-Occupy.
Kodwa iHong Kong ihlanganisa amazwe angama-111 angama-209 angama-209 afakwe kulo mbiko, ehambisana neFiji futhi ephakeme kakhulu kune-Ecuador naseBurkina Faso. Ngokulinganayo, iSweden, Norway neFinland bahola i-100 ephelele, bathatha amabala aphezulu ngenkathi i-United States ineminyaka engu-86.
Noma kunjalo, i-HKSAR, izakhamuzi zayo, kanye nezivakashi zayo zingakujabulela inkululeko ethile yokuphikisana nenkulumo evinjelwe ezweni lase China. Ngokwesibonelo, naphezu kokujeziswa kwabaholi abambalwa, ukunyakaza kwama-Occupy nowabesifazane kusalokhu kuqinile eHong Kong, kanti akekho ovunyelwe ukuqhuma eBeijing.