Ungase ungaboni lezi zikhumbuzo ezihamba ezungeze imizi yaseJalimane njengeBerlin. Kunezinto eziningi ongayibona ezingeni leyeso, kulula ukulahlekelwa izintambo ezicashile, izingqwembe zegolide ezibekwe eceleni komgwaqo emnyango wezindawo eziningi zokuhlala, amabhizinisi, namanje izikhala ezingenalutho. U-Stolpersteine uhumusha ngokuqondile "itshe elikhubekisayo" futhi lezi zikhumbuzo ezingapheliyo zikhumbuza ngokucophelela labo abadlula emlandweni omkhulu ohlala ngaseJalimane.
Kuyini Stolpersteine?
Eyadalwa ngumculi waseJalimane u-Gunter Demnig, uStolstesteine ukhumbula izisulu zokuQothulwa Kwesizwe ngezikhumbuzo zethusi ezincane ezenziwe ngamagama (noma amagama omndeni), usuku lokuzalwa kanye nencazelo emfushane yekusasa labo. Ngokuvamisekile, basho ukuthi "U- Hier wohnte " (lapha uhlala), kodwa ngezinye izikhathi yindawo umuntu afunde ngayo, esebenza noma efundisa. Ukuphela kuvame ukufana, "i -ermermet " (ebulawa) nezindawo ezidumile zase-Auschwitz naseDachau.
Ngokungafani nezinye izikhumbuzo ezizungeze idolobha elizinikezelwe kumaqembu athile (njengeSikhumbuzweni samaJuda ahlaselwa eYurophu) , lokhu yisikhumbuzo esihlanganisa bonke abahlukunyezwe umbuso wamaNazi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izakhamizi ezingamaJuda, iSinti noma iRom, izisulu zokushushiswa kwezombangazwe noma zenkolo, ubungqingili kanye nezisulu ze-euthanasia.
Izindawo zaseStolpersteine
Le phrojekthi ikhule ibe ne-48,000 Stolpersteine engeyona nje eJalimane, kodwa e-Austria, eHungary , eNetherlands, eBelgium, e-Czech Republic, eNorway, e-Ukraine, eRussia, eCroatia, eFrance, ePoland, eSlovenia, e-Italy, eNorway, eSwitzerland naseSlovakia , Luxembourg nasezindaweni ezingaphezulu.
Naphezu kobukhulu obuncane bephrojekthi ngayinye, isilinganiso saso esikhulu senze kube yizikhumbuzo ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ayikho idolobha laseJalimane ngaphandle kwesikhumbuzo sikaStolpersteine . Inhloko-dolobha yaseBerlin inakho konke okungaba ngu-3 000 Stolpersteine ukukhumbula abantu abangu-55 000 abaxoshwa. Uhla olunzulu lwezindawo eBerlin lungatholakala ku-intanethi, kanye nokufakwa kuhlu okuzungeze iYurophu.
Kodwa-ke, izivakashi zivame ukuwela amatshe ngokomzimba ngokubheka phansi. Uma ubona noma ukhubeka phezu kwetshe, funda indaba kafushane kaStolpersteine futhi ukhumbule labo ababizwa ngokuthi leli dolobha.
Nika isandla kuPhrojekthi
I-memorial creator, Demnig, iyaqhubeka nokuqondisa ukuqaliswa kwe- Stolpersteine. Manje eseneminyaka engama-60 ubudala, u-Demnig unamathimba okwenza ukuphakama okunzima kodwa uvumela izinhlelo zokusebenza, uhlola ukuqinisekiswa kwemininingwane futhi uhlela ukuhlelwa kwamatshe. UMichael Friedrichs-Friedländer ungumlingani wakhe emsebenzini, ekwenzeni futhi ehlanganisa ama-450 Stolpersteine ngenyanga. Ukufakwa kuvame ukuheha izakhamuzi, njengalokhu okuthunyelwe yi-expat eBerlin eyayibukela ukufakwa kokuhlangana ngaphambi kwesakhiwo sakhe. Ikhalenda yezenzakalo nemikhosi yokuvula, eyedlule neyesikhathi esizayo, ingatholakala kwiwebhusayithi futhi ihambele umphakathi.
Izindleko ze- Stolpersteine ikakhulukazi zimbozwe ngeminikelo njengoba kunoma ubani ongakwazi ukuqala nokuxhasa isikhumbuzo. Kulabo abaqoka iphrojekthi ukucwaninga imininingwane bese bayithumela eqenjini likaDemnig. Intengo yamanje yeStolpersteine entsha i-€ 120.
Njengoba izingcaphuno ezikhunjulwayo zikhulile, izikhala zezinkumbulo ezintsha ziza ngokushesha.
Thola ulwazi oluthe xaxa esikhumbuzweni futhi unikezele inguqulo yesiNgisi yesayithi, www.stolpersteine.eu/en/.