I-Tequila yisiphuzo esidumile kunazo zonke saseMexico, kodwa zonke iziphuzo ezintathu zidliwa eMexico. Zonke zenziwe esitshalweni se-agave, esaziwa ngokuthi singumlingo eMexico.
Agave noma Maguey
I-Agave, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Century Plant" ngesiNgisi, ivame kulo lonke elaseMexico naseNingizimu-ntshonalanga United States. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuhlukahluka kakhulu: sekusetshenziselwa i-fiber, ukudla, futhi ezikhathini zasendulo ameva asetshenziswa njengezinaliti kanye nemikhosi yokuvumela igazi.
Ezikhathini zamuva, ukusa, okubizwa ngokuthi i- aguamiel kuye kwaguqulwa waba yi-agave nectar, i-sweetener yemvelo ene-low glycemic index. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuvame kakhulu kulo lonke isikhathi kuye kwaba ukuphuza utshwala.
I-Tequila ne-Mezcal
I-Mezcal ingenziwa ezinhlobonhlobo ezimbalwa ze-agave, nakuba iningi lama-mezcals emakethe lenziwa nge- Agave espadin . Enkambweni yokwenza i-mezcal , inhliziyo ye-agave isitshalo, esibizwa ngokuthi i- piña , isusiwe , ichotshoziwe, isilisiwe bese i-distilled.
Izwi elidumile eMexico lithi:
Para todo mal, mezcal
Para todo bien tambien.
Lokho okuhunyushwa ngokuhunyushwa: Kuzo zonke izinkinga, i-mezcal kanye nayo yonke inhlanhla enhle, nokugqugquzela umbono wokuthi i-mezcal ifanele nganoma yisiphi isenzakalo.
I-Mezcal isenziwa ngendlela yendabuko ezindaweni eziningi zaseMexico futhi ithunyelwa ngaphandle, nakuba kungekho mezcal eyaziwa nangokuthi i- Mezcal de tequila .
I-Tequila ingumoya eyenziwa kuphela esitshalweni esithile se-agave, i-agave eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma i- Agave Tequilana Weber .
Ikhishwa kuphela esifundeni sentshonalanga yeMexico edolobheni laseSantiago de Tequila, eJalisco, cishe ngamakhilomitha angu-65 enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeGuadalajara. Amahektare angaba ngu-90,000 e-agave eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka atshalwa kule ndawo yaseMexico, manje eyi- Heritage Site ye- UNESCO .
I-Tequila isibe uphawu lukazwelonke lwaseMexico, futhi nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi lwawuthandwa phakathi kwesixuku esiphezulu sabantu abafuna ukuphuza izidakamizwa, nalabo abafuna ukudakwa, ama-premium mezcals kanye nama-tequila aphinde akhangele labo abanokukhetha okubandlulula.
I-tequila ephakeme kakhulu yekhwalithi ine- 100% agave ephrintiwe kule ilebula - lokhu kusho ukuthi akukho okunye okushukela okwenziwe.
I-Tequila yokuvakasha, i-Jalisco
Ukuvakashela iTequila kuzokuvumela ukuthi ufunde ngomlando we-tequila nokukhiqizwa. Ukuvakasha kuhlinzekwa yizinhlayiya eziningana eziholayo. Indlela evelele yokufika eTequila ngokuthatha isitimela iTequila Express esivela eGuadalajara. Ukugibela isitimela kuthatha cishe amahora amabili, uhamba ngendlela evelele yendawo yasehlane. Ukuqabuleka kukhonjiswa ebhodini futhi ukuzijabulisa kunikezwa ibhande le-mariachi.
Indlela yokuphuza i-tequila ne-mezcal
Ngisho noma ukuphuza i-tequila shots kuyathandwa kakhulu, futhi kukhona impikiswano mayelana nendlela "efanele" yokuyidubula (usawoti noma i-lime kuqala?), Abaculi be-tequila bathi i-waste ephelele ukudubula i-tequila noma i-mezcal enhle, futhi bayancoma ukuthi i-sipped, noma iyodwa noma i- sangrita , ingxube ye utamatisi, ijusi le-orange kanye ne-lame juice, ehlotshiswe ne-chili powder.
Pulque
I-Pulque ("pool-kay"), okuthiwa i- octli ngesiNahuatl, ulimi lwesi-Aztec, lwenziwa ngomunwe wesitshalo se-agave. Ukuze akhiphe isitshalo, umgodi uthathe enhliziyweni yesitshalo esineminyaka engu-8 ukuya ku-12 ubudala. Umswakama uyasuswa ngethubhu lezinkuni elinamafutha elifakwa enhliziyweni yesitshalo.
Umswakama ubizwa ngokuthi i- aguamiel (ngokoqobo ngamanzi uju), noma umgudu we-agave, ngoba ubumnandi kakhulu. I-nectar iyabiliswa ukuze kwenziwe i-pulque. Uketshezi olukhiphayo luvutha futhi lunambitheka kancane. Ngezinye izikhathi izithelo noma amantongomane anziwe ukuze ashintshe ukunambitheka. Ukuqukethwe kotshwala ka-Pulque, kuxhomeke kwisilinganiso sokuvutshelwa, okuphakathi kuka-2 kuya ku-8%.
Lesi kwakuyisiphuzo sokuphuza utshwala samandulo aseMexico njengoba bengenayo inqubo yokuphuza izidakamizwa. Ezikhathini zasendulo ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwakunqatshelwe futhi abapristi kuphela, izicukuthwane kanye nabantu asebekhulile bavunyelwe ukuphuza. Ezikhathini zobukoloni i-pulque yayidliwa kakhulu futhi yaba umthombo obalulekile wenzuzo kuhulumeni. I-Haciendas yokukhiqiza i-pulque yayiyingxenye ebalulekile yomnotho wekoloni, futhi yahlala kanjalo phakathi nekhulu lokuqala leminyaka yokuzimela kukaMexico.
Kukhona izikhungo ezibizwa nge- pulquerias lapho lokhu kuphuzwa khona. Esikhathini esidlule kwakukhona isiko esithandwa kakhulu esakhula nxazonke zama- pulquerias , okwakusondelene nabantu kuphela. Noma kunjalo, ngezikhathi zanamuhla inani lalezi zikhungo liye linciphisa kakhulu.
Ukuqukethwe okuncane kotshwala nokuvuthwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwe-pulque kunciphisa ukusatshalaliswa kwayo, kodwa i-pulque isadliwa namhlanje - ngezinye izikhathi ihanjiswa kuma-fiestas noma kuthengiswa ezimakethe, nasezindaweni zokuhlala ezihlala endaweni.