Okudingayo ukwazi ukuthi uhlale uphephile kusuka kuZika
Ezinyangeni zokuqala zika-2016, abagibeli abaya eCentral naseNingizimu Melika baxwayiswa ngesifo esisha sokugula esingasongozi nje izivakashi, kodwa futhi sibeka izingane ezingakazalwa zisengozini. Emazweni aseMelika, amazwe angaphezu kuka-20 alwa ne-Zika virus.
Ukusakazeka ngamangqamuzana anegciwane, abahambi abavakashela noma yiliphi lamazwe abathintekayo abonwe yiCenter for Disease Control (CDC) basengozini yokutheleleka.
Ngokwezibalo ze-CDC, cishe amaphesenti angu-20 alabo abahlangana negciwane bazokwakhiwa i-Zika, ukugula okunjenge-flu okungahlambalaza kakhulu.
Kuyini iZika? Okubaluleke nakakhulu, ingabe usengozini yegciwane leZika? Nazi izimpendulo eziyisihlanu wonke umuntu ohambahambayo okudingeka azi ngegciwane leZika ngaphambi kokuya esizweni esithintekayo.
Iyini igciwane leZika?
Ngokusho kwe-CDC, uZika yisifo esifana kakhulu no-dengue ne-chikungunya, kuyilapho kufana nokufana nomkhuhlane ovamile. Labo abagcina benesifo se-Zika bangase babhekane nomkhuhlane, ukushona, amehlo abomvu, nezinhlungu kumalunga namasipha. Ukwakhiwa kwezibhedlela akudingekile ukuba kulwa noZika, futhi ukufa akuvamile ukuvela kubantu abadala.
Labo abakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka bavumelane neZika kumele baxoxe nodokotela ukuze baxoxe ngezinketho zokwelapha. I-CDC itusa ukuphumula, ukuphuza amanzi, futhi isebenzise i-acetaminophen noma i-paracetamol ukulawula umkhuhlane nobuhlungu njengecebo lokulashwa.
Iziphi izifunda ezinobungozi obuningi besifo se-Zika?
Ngo-2016, i-CDC yakhipha isaziso se-Level Two Travel Travel emazweni angaphezu kuka-20 eCaribbean, Central America naseNingizimu Melika. Amazwe ashintshwe yi-Zika virus afaka izindawo ezihambelayo ezokuvakasha zaseBrazil, eMexico, ePanama nase-Ecuador. Iziqhingi eziningana, kuhlanganise neBarbados neStart Martin, nazo zithinteka ukuqhuma kweZika.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpahla ezimbili zaseMelika ezivakashelayo ngaphandle kwepasipoti zenze uhlu lwaziso. Bobabili iPuerto Rico kanye neziqhingi zase-US Virgin zaziqaphile, kanti abahambi bacela ukuba baqaphele lapho beya ezindaweni.
Ubani obungozi kakhulu engozini ye-Zika?
Ngesikhathi noma ubani oya ezindaweni ezithintekile engozini yegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abahlela ukukhulelwa bangase balahlekelwe kakhulu. Ngokusho kweCDC, amacala e-Zika virus eBrazil ahlanganiswe ne-microcephaly, engalimaza ingane engakazalwa ekuthuthukisweni.
Ngokomqulu wezokwelapha, ingane ebelethwe nge-microcephaly inenhloko encane kakhulu ekuzalweni, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa okungalungile kobuchopho esibelethweni noma ngemva kokuzalwa. Ngenxa yalokho, izingane ezizalwa nale nkinga zingabhekana nobunzima obuningi, kufaka phakathi ukuhlukunyezwa, ukubambezeleka kokuthuthukiswa, ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa kanye nezinkinga zombono.
Ngingakwazi ukukhansela uhambo lwami phezu kwegciwane leZika?
Ezimweni ezikhethiwe, izindiza zezindiza zivumela abahambayo ukuba bakhansele ukuhamba kwabo ngaphezu kwezingqinamba ze-Zika virus. Kodwa-ke, abahlinzeki bomshuwalense wokuhamba kungenzeka bangabi abaphanayo kulabo abahamba ezindaweni ezichaphazelekile.
Bobabili i-American Airlines ne-United Airlines bahlinzeka abahambi ithuba lokukhansela izindiza zabo ngokukhathazeka kwezifo Zika ezindaweni ezichazwe yi-CDC.
Ngesikhathi i-United izovumela abahamba ngezinkinga ukuthi balungise uhambo lwabo, i-American ivumela kuphela ukukhansela ezindaweni ezithile ngokuqinisekisa okubhalwe ngokukhulelwa kudokotela. Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi mayelana nezinqubomgomo zokukhansela izindiza, xhumana nezindiza yakho ngaphambi kokuhamba.
Kodwa-ke, umshuwalense wokuhamba kungenzeka ungabheki uZika njengesizathu esisemthethweni sokukhanselwa kohambo. Ngokusho kwe-inshuwalense yokuhamba yomshuwalense we-Squaremouth, ukukhathazeka kwe-Zika kungenzeka ukuthi akunakwanele ukunikeza isimangalo sokukhansela ukuphuma kumgomo womshuwalense. Labo abangase bahambe ezindaweni ezithintekile kufanele bacabangele ukuthenga inqubomgomo yekhansela nganoma yisiphi isizathu lapho behlela amalungiselelo okuhamba.
Uzohamba nge-inshuwalense ye-Zika virus?
Nakuba umshuwalense wokuhamba ungahle ukhishe ukwesulwa kokuhamba ngenxa yegciwane leZika, inqubomgomo ingasebenza ukumboza abahambi ngenkathi beya khona.
I-Squaremouth ibika abaningi abahlinzeki bomshuwalense wokuhamba abangenayo ukutholwa kwezokwelapha zegciwane leZika. Uma umhambi ayezosuleleka ngegciwane ngenkathi ephesheya, umshuwalense wokuhamba ungathinta ukwelashwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinqubomgomo zomshuwalense wokuhamba zihlanganisa isigatshana sokukhansela uma umhambi eyokhulelwa ngaphambi kokuhamba. Ngaphansi kwalesi sigatshana sokukhansela, abahambi abakhulelwe bangakwazi ukukhansela uhambo lwabo futhi bathole isinxephezelo sezindleko ezilahlekile. Ngaphambi kokuthenga inqubomgomo yomshuwalense wokuhamba, qiniseka ukuqonda konke ukulinganiselwa.
Nakuba i-Zika virus ishaqeka ingase ivalo, abahambi bangakwazi ukuzivikela ngaphambi kokuhamba. Ngokuqonda ukuthi yiliphi igciwane nokuthi ngubani osemngciphekweni, abagibeli bangenza izinqumo ezifundwayo mayelana nezinhlelo zabo zokuhamba kuzo zonke izimo.