Umthethosisekelo wase-Ireland uthi "ulimi lwesi-Irish njengolimi lwesizwe yilona ulimi lokuqala olusemthethweni" futhi "ulimi lwesiNgisi lubonakala njengesibili ulimi olusemthethweni" ( Bunreacht na hÉireann , Isigaba 8). Kodwa liyini iqiniso? I-Irish empeleni iyilwimi elincane. Naphezu kwemizamo emihle kahulumeni.
Ulimi lwesi-Irish
Isi-Irish, noma i- gaeilge ngesi-Irish, iyingxenye yeqembu lama-Gaelic nelinye lamalimi aseCelt asekhona aseYurophu.
Ezinye izinhlawulo zefa leCeltic yiziGaelic (amaSpots), iManx, isiWelsh, isiColish nesiBreize (esikhulunywa eBrithtany). Kulawa maWelsh uyathandwa kakhulu, empeleni isetshenziselwa usuku nosuku ezingxenyeni ezinkulu zaseWales.
I-Old Irish yayiyi- lingua franca yase-Ireland ngesikhathi sokunqoba kwe-Anglo-Norman, kwaze kwaba sehla kancane. Kamuva ulimi lwalususwe ngokuqinile futhi isiNgisi saba yindlela esemqoka yokuxhumana. Imiphakathi eyikude kuphela, ikakhulukazi ogwini olusentshonalanga, yakwazi ukugcina isiko lokuphila. Lokhu kwabhalwa kamuva yizifundiswa, isiko lomlomo esenza sibe yizwe lezemfundo. Futhi lapho izifundiswa seziphinde zithole i-Irish, abadlali bezwe balandela, okwenza ukuvuselelwa kolimi lwendabuko ingxenye yengxenye yabo. Ngeshwa isi-Irish sase sithuthukile saba izingqikithi eziningi kangangokuthi "imvuselelo" yayiyiyona yokwakha kabusha, ezinye izilimi zanamuhla zize ziyibize ngokuthi yi-reinvention.
Ngemuva kokuzibusa kwavela isizwe sase-Irish ukuthi isi-Irish siwulimi lokuqala - ikakhulukazi u-Valera wayehamba phambili kulokhu kuhamba, ezama ukuhlehlisa iminyaka engaba ngu-800 yemithonya yamasiko aseNgilandi.
Izindawo ezikhethekile zabizwa njenge gaeltacht , futhi emzamweni ongafanele wokusakaza izilimi zase-Irish zamasiko ezivela entshonalanga zenziwa empumalanga. I-Irish yaba yinto ephoqelekile kuzo zonke izikole futhi yayiyiningi labafundi ulimi lokuqala lwangaphandle abafunda ngalo. Kuze kube yilolu suku zonke izingane zesikole e-Ireland kudingeka zifunde isi-Irish nesiNgisi, bese ziphothula "izilimi zakwamanye amazwe".
Eqinisweni
Eqinisweni i-Irish noma (ngezinga elingaphansi) isiNgisi ulimi lwangaphandle lwabafundi abaningi. Kuphela ezindaweni ze- gaeltacht i- Irish kungenzeka empeleni ibe ulimi lomama, ngoba iningi labantwana base-Irish yiNgisi. Kodwa-ke, izwe lase-Ireland lizibophezele ekuhlinzekeni zonke izingxenye zokubhala ezisemthethweni ngesiNgisi nase-Irish. Lena imboni yezigidigidi ze-Euro nezinzuzo ikakhulukazi abahumushi namaphrinta - izinguqulo zama-Irish zivame ukubutha uthuli ngisho nasezindaweni ze- gaeltacht .
Izibalo ziyahlukahluka, kepha iqiniso le-Ireland licindezela abalandeli balo futhi lihlekisa labo abagxekayo - kulinganiselwa ukuthi izigidi zama-Irish zinolwazi "lwesi-Ireland, kodwa kuphela ukuthi amaphesenti angaphansi kwesisodwa ayisebenzisa nsuku zonke! Ukuvakasha konke lokhu kungase kungabi nalutho - qiniseka ukuthi ngeke kudingeke ukhulume noma uqonde "ulimi lokuqala" lwase-Ireland, amagama ambalwa abalulekile e-Irish azokwenza.