Uma ngabe ulandela izindaba zakamuva, akungabazeki ukuthi ubonile okungaphezu kwezinkomba ezimbalwa zegciwane le-Zika, izifo ezithwalwe umiyane ezibonakala zikhukhumele ekuqapheliseni umphakathi emasontweni ambalwa adlule. Eqinisweni, ukugula sekulokhu sekudlule iminyaka eminingi, kodwa manje kubonakala sengathi isakazeka phambili, futhi imiphumela yaso emibi kakhulu iyanda ngamandla.
I-virus ye-Zika ibilokhu ikhona kusukela okungenani ngawo-1950, kodwa ivame ukuhlala ehlangene nebhande elincane elijikeleza uMhlaba eduze kwe-equator.
Kwatholakala kakhulu e-Afrika nase-Asia, nakuba manje sekuye kwasakazeka naseLatin America, kanti amacala abikwa ezindaweni ezivela eBrazil kuya eMexico. Isifo sitholakale ngisho naseCaribbean, nezindawo ezinjenge-US Virgin Islands, eBarbados, Saint Martin, nasePuerto Rico.
Kubantu abaningi, izimpawu ezijwayelekile Zika zifana nezomkhuhlane. I-CDC ithi cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayisishiyagalolunye abaphethe igciwane ngempela uyagula. Lokho okwenza njalo kubonisa ukushisa komkhuhlane, ukuhlangana komzimba kanye nomzimba, i-conjunctivitis, ikhanda, nokushona. Lezo zimpawu ngokuvamile ziba mncane, futhi zihlala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma ngesonto. Njengamanje, akukho ukugoma, futhi ukwelashwa okujwayelekile ukuthola ukuphumula okukhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, uhlale unamanzi, futhi uthathe imithi eyisisekelo ukukhulula umkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu.
Uma lezo ziyizimpawu kuphela, futhi ukuphulukiswa kwakunjalo ngokuqondile, bekungeke kubangele ukukhathazeka.
Kodwa ngeshwa uZika unemiphumela emibi embi kakhulu emkhakheni owodwa wabantu - abesifazane abakhulelwe njengamanje noma abazama ukukhulelwa. Manje sekukholelwa ukuthi igciwane yiyona imbangela yokukhubazeka kokuzalwa okuthiwa i-microcephaly. Lesi simo sibangela ukuthi ingane izalwa enekhanda elingavamile kanye nomonakalo omkhulu wobuchopho.
EBrazil, lapho i-Zika virus manje eyaziwa ukuthi iyinto evamile, inani lamacala e-microcephaly landa kakhulu ngonyaka odlule. Esikhathini esidlule, izwe labona amacala angama-200 okukhubazeka kokuzalwa kunoma yimuphi unyaka onikeziwe, kodwa ngonyaka ka-2015 leyo nombolo yafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-3000. Okubi nakakhulu, kube khona amacala angaphezu kuka-3500 abikwa phakathi kuka-Okthoba ka-2015 noJanuwari ka-2016. ukwanda okukhulu okwesabekayo okusho okungenani.
Ngokusobala usongo kubesifazane abakhulelwe lukhulu. Kakhulu kangangokuthi amazwe amaningana axwayisa abahambi besifazane ukugwema noma yiliphi izwe lapho iZika eyaziwa khona ukuthi iyasebenza. Futhi esimweni sase-El Salvador, izwe liye lacebisa izakhamizi zalo ukuba zigweme ukukhulelwa kuze kube ngemva kuka-2018. Umcabango wezwe ongenabantwana abasha ozelwe iminyaka emibili kubonakala kungenakwenzeka.
Kuze kube manje, kubahambi besilisa, akubonakali ukuthi kunesizathu sokukhathazeka, njengoba kungakaze kube khona isixhumanisi sesifo esibangela ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa ngemuva kokuba ubaba enesifo. Kodwa lokhu kuyinkinga enkulu kunoma yimuphi owesifazane ongase ahambe ezindaweni ezizokwenzeka esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, ikakhulukazi uma sebekhulelwe kakade noma bezama ukuba njalo. Uma kungenjalo kunjalo, akubonakali ukuthi kunomthelela wesikhathi eside kusuka kugciwane ukungena ohlelweni.
Esinye sezici ezikhathazayo kakhulu zegciwane leZika yindlela ukuthi kubonakala sengathi kusakazeka ngokushesha kangakanani. Iningi labachwepheshe bacabanga ukuthi kuyisikhathi nje ngaphambi kokuba sifinyelele e-US, lapho singathinta ingxenye enkulu yabantu. Kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kungase kube ukushayisana emhlabeni wonke uma uhlobo lwegciwane olutholakala eLatin America luya kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba. Futhi njengoba umuntu ophethe lesi sifo angadlulisela eminye imiyane ngenxa yokuluma kwezinambuzane, ithuba lokuthi lokho kwenzeke kubonakala kuphezulu.
Abesifazane abakhulelwe abahlela ukuhamba ezindaweni lapho igciwane selivele lisebenza khona kufanele libheke ukukhansela lezo zinhlelo. Eqinisweni, izindiza eziningana eNingizimu Melika zivumela abagibeli besifazane ukuba baxoshe izindiza zabo futhi bathole ukubuyiselwa kwemali, njengama-United ne-American.
Abanye bayaqiniseka ukuthi balandela.
Okwamanje, uma kuziwa ekusebenzelaneni neZika, ukuhlakanipha kubonakala sengathi yingxenye engcono yeqhawe.
Ukuvuselelwa: Uma lesi sihloko sesibhaliwe okokuqala, kwakungekho nhlobo ukuthi iZika ingadluliselwa ngobulili. Kodwa manje, kuboniswe ukuthi lesi sifo singadluliselwa kumuntu otheleleke kumuntu wesifazane ngokuya ocansini. Kuze kube manje, le ndlela yokudlulisela ivele ibhalwe kabili, inika isizathu sokukhathazeka. Qinisekisa ukuthi uthatha izinyathelo zokuqapha lapho uvakashela izindawo lapho iZika eyaziwa manje ukuthi isakazeka.