Izizathu Ezihamba Ngezizathu Ezihambayo Akudingeki Ukwesabe Ushaka

Uma ukwesaba oshaka kukugcina ungathokozi olwandle, awusodwa. Kuyinto yokwesaba okwabelwana yizigidi - kwafakwa ekuqaphelisweni komphakathi ngo-1975 ukukhululwa kwe-Jaws movie, futhi kwaqhutshwa phambili ngamafilimu afana ne- Open Water ne- The Shallows kusukela ngaleso sikhathi.

Kodwa-ke, kuyisaba esingaba nesisekelo esingenasisekelo. Izigameko ezihlobene ne-Shark azivamile - ngo-2016, iFayili ye-International Shark Attack ibonisa ukuthi kunezingu-81 zokuhlaselwa okungavunyelwe emhlabeni wonke, okungenani ezine kuphela ezibulalayo. Okuyiqiniso ukuthi oshaka akuzona ababulali abangenangqondo abavame ukuboniswa ukuba babe. Esikhundleni salokho, ziyizilwane eziguquke kakhulu ngezinzwa eziyisikhombisa ezihlukene kanye namathambo ayenziwe ngokuphelele nge-cartilage. Amanye oshaka angakwazi ukuhamba ngokunembile kuwo wonke ama-olwandle, kanti abanye bayakwazi ukukhiqiza ngaphandle kokuya ocansini.

Ngaphezu kwakho konke, oshaka bafeza indima ebalulekile njengezilwane ezidliwayo. Bayibophezele ekulondolozeni ukulinganisela kwemvelo yasolwandle - futhi ngaphandle kwabo, imifula yeplanethi izoba madala ngokushesha. Nakhu kungani oshaka kufanele bahlonishwe futhi bagcinwe, kunokuba babesabe.

• 01 ka-06

  I-Greatest of Sharks ayiyona ingozi

  Kubantu abaningi, igama elithi "shark" liveza izithombe zengqondo zokushaya abamhlophe abamhlophe, imifula yabo evulekile ehlanganiswe ngamazinyo afakwe emanzini futhi agxilwe ngegazi. Eqinisweni, kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezingaphezu kuka-400 ze-shark, ezivela ku-shark lantern encane (i-species encane kunesandla somuntu), ku- whale shark , isiqu esikhulu sezilwandle esingakhula sibe ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-12/12 ubude. Iningi lezinhlobo ze-shark kubhekwa njengengozi. Eqinisweni, iningi lincane kunabantu futhi ligwema ukuxhumana nabo.

  Izinhlobo ezintathu ze-shark ezinkulu (i-whale shark, i-basking shark kanye noshaki we-megamouth) ziyi-filter-feeders, futhi zihlala ekudleni okwenziwe kakhulu nge-plankton. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezilwane eziye zahlanganiswa ezenzakalweni ezihlobene noshaki, futhi kulawa, ezintathu kuphela ezibhekwa njengengozi kubantu. Lezi zimhlophe ezinhle, i-bull shark kanye ne-tiger shark. Zonke ezintathu zikhulu, ziyingozi futhi zenzeka emhlabeni wonke ezindaweni ezabelwana nabasebenzisi bamanzi, okwandisa amathuba okuhlangana.

  Kodwa-ke, emazweni afana neFiji naseNingizimu Afrika, izivakashi zihamba ngokuphepha ngalezi zinsuku nsuku zonke, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokuvikelwa kwesigodlo.

• 02 ka 06

  Abantu Ababona Ukudla Kwemvelo

  Ama-Shark ayekade ephakathi kweminyaka engaba ngu-400 no-450 million. Ngaleso sikhathi, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ziye zashintsha ukuzingela inyamazane, futhi akekho noyedwa kubo ojwayele ukusabela kubantu njengomthombo wokudla. Izikhwama ngokuvamile zigwema ukuhlasela izilwane ezinkulu kunabo, njengoba ingozi yokulimala inkulu kakhulu. Ngezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane, lokhu kusho ukuthi abantu bavele bavele kwimenyu. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ngisho noshaka abakhulu njengabahlophe abamhlophe nabadobi bezinkunzi abazingeli abantu ngenhloso yokudla. Esikhundleni salokho, bayathanda inyamazane ngamafutha aphezulu, njengezicathulo noma i-tuna.

  Abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ukuhlaselwa kuyisimo sokungazi kahle. Abhlophe abamhlophe, oshayi bama-tiger kanye nabadobi bezinkunzi bonke bazingela kusuka ngezansi, futhi bangase badibanise isithunzi somuntu ebusweni salowo uphawu noma i-tortle (ikakhulukazi uma umuntu elele kwi-surfboard). Abanye ososayensi bayayinaki le mbono, bephikisana ngokuthi oshaka bahlakaniphile kakhulu ukuze badide abantu ngokudla. Phela, oshaka banomqondo omuhle kakhulu wephunga, futhi abantu abathinti lutho njengezimpawu.

  Esikhundleni salokho, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhlaselwa okuningi kungumphumela wesifiso. Ama-Sharks asinayo izandla - uma efuna ukuphenya into engaziwa, asebenzisa amazinyo abo. Le mbono ixhaswa yiqiniso lokuthi kuncane kakhulu izisulu zokuhlasela zika-shark. Esikhundleni salokho, iningi labantu lilunywa kanye, ngaphambi kokuba udoki ulahlekelwe inzalo futhi ugijime. Ngeshwa, ukulimala kuvame kakhulu kangangokuthi isisulu sifa ngenxa yengozi nokulahleka kwegazi ngaphambi kokuba bathole ukunakekelwa okwanele.

• 03 ka 06

  Ama-Shark Ayisisindo Sokukhathazeka Kwenu

  I-athikili eyanyatheliswa yiFayili ye-International Shark Attack ibala ukuthi abantu banezigidi eziyizigidi ezingu-3.7 zokubulawa yi-shark. Uhambo lwakho olubheke olwandle lunamathuba angaphezu kuka-132 okuphela kokufa ngokucwiliswa, kanti izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-290 zingabangela ingozi yengozi ebulalayo. Ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho uqala ukufika olwandle, cabanga ukuthi unamathuba amaningi okuphindwa izikhathi ezingu-1 000 ngesikhathi uhamba ngebhayisikili. Izinto ezingavamile ezibhekwa njengeziyingozi kunokuba udoki zibandakanya ukhukhunathi, imishini yokuthengisa kanye nezindlu zangasese.

  Yiqiniso, abantu yizilwane eziyingozi kunazo zonke. Babulala, phakathi kuka-1984 no-1987, abantu abangu-6 339 babika ukuthi bayalunywa omunye umuntu eNew York City. Uma kuqhathaniswa, kuwo wonke ama-United States, abantu abangu-45 kuphela balimala (ababulawe) ngabashaki ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngakho-ke, uma okwamanje uhlala eNew York, unokuningi ukwesaba kusuka kwabanye abagibeli bezithuthi zomgwaqo kunokuba uyenze ngokugubha olwandle.

• 04 ka 06

  Ukunciphisa Ingozi Yokuhlaselwa Kulula

  Uma usesabekile, cabanga ukuthi kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula ongazithatha ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuhlasela kwe-shark . Owokuqala ukuphuma emanzini ekuseni nokusa, okuyinto lapho izinhlobo eziningi ze-shark zizingela khona. Okwesibili ukukhipha ubucwebe obucwebezelayo, njengoba i-glint yesiliva negolide ingahle ilahleke ngokulinganisa izinhlanzi ezinamahloni. Kukhona futhi umbono wokuthi umbala ophuzi ubheka oshaka.

  Eqinisweni, kungenzeka ukuthi ukwazi i-shark kungabhekwa ngokuhlukana komthunzi okhanyayo ngokumelene nobumnyama obumnyama olwandle. Uma kunjalo, uma uhlela ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi emanzini, kuwumqondo omuhle ukugwema imibala ephaphathekile lapho ukhetha izikhumba noma izigqoko zokugeza - futhi ukumboza isikhumba esiluhlaza nge-wetsuit, iglavu noma ama-booties. Ukusebenzisa isikhathi sakho emanzini nakho kuyisici. Ngenxa yokuthi oshaka bazingela kusuka ngezansi, abagibeli nabagibeli abahamba phambili basengozini kunazo zonke izidakamizwa.

  Abadobi kufanele baqaphele ngokukhethekile, njengokuba oshaka badonseleka ngokungahambi kahle nokuhamba kwezinhlanzi ezifa. Ama-Shark angathatha ukudumaza emanzini, futhi angase akhangwe ngokushayela phezulu. Ngenxa yalokho, uma uhambela oshaka, wenza ukuxokozeleka okuncane ngangokunokwenzeka uma ungena futhi uphuma amanzi ukwaziswa. Ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, abukho ubufakazi bokuthi udoki ukhangwa ngephunga legazi lokuya esikhathini noma umchamo womuntu.

• 05 ka 06

  Ushaka Unokuningi Ukwesaba Kubantu

  Kulinganiselwa ukuthi u-90% wezinguquko zomhlaba zanyamalala olwandle lwethu eminyakeni eyi-100 edlule. Lokhu kuwumphumela oqondile wemisebenzi yabantu, kuhlanganise nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukulahlekelwa kwemvelo kanye nokubaluleke kakhulu, ukudoba ngokweqile. Njalo ngonyaka, abantu babulala abadoki abangaba yizigidi eziyikhulu - isilinganiso esingu-11,417 njalo ngehora. Iningi lalezi zihloswe ezimakethe kulo lonke elase-Asia, lapho isobho le-shark fin libhekwa njengento epholile kanye nesibonakaliso somcebo.

  Ukukhishwa kwe-Shark kuyindlela enonya kakhulu, kanti oshaka abaningi bahlawuliswa olwandle futhi baphonswa emuva olwandle ukuze baname. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-fins akhawunti angaphansi kuka-5% wesisindo somzimba ka-shark, ubuye buyingozi kakhulu.

  Kwamanye amazwe, njengeNingizimu Afrika ne-Australia, oshaka bahloswe ngenhloso yokunciphisa amathuba okuhlaselwa kwabantu. Ngokuvamile, izindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukubhekisela kulokho okuthiwa abafaki ababulali azikhetheli, zibulala izinhlanzi ezingenabungozi nezinye izilwane ezihlanganisa amawhale, amahlengethwa namavolumu. AmaSharki nawo ahlushwa yi-catch catch accident.

  Mhlawumbe ukhathazeka kakhulu, zonke izinhlobo zasolwandle zisongelwa ukuhlanganiswa kokungcola kanye nezindlela zokudoba zamanje. Ngokubili, lezi zici ezimbili zibikezelwe ukubona amapulasitiki amaningi kunenhlanzi olwandle ngo-2050.

• 06 ka-06

  Okubalulekile

  Esikhundleni sokwesaba ukushicilelwa kwesikhashana saseHollywood, cabanga ngokuthola iqiniso ngama-shark. Kunezindawo eziningi emhlabeni wonke ohlinzeka ngokuphepha ezinobungozi endaweni yabo yemvelo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha ukubhukuda nezinhlanzi zemifula e-Bahamas, noma uhambe nge-cage-diving nabantu abamhlophe kakhulu eNingizimu Afrika noma eMexico, ukuzibonela ukuthi yiyona ndlela kuphela yokubonga ngempela ubuhle nomusa wezilwane ezimbi kakhulu emhlabeni.

  Ekugcineni, uma usabesaba oshaka, khumbula ukuthi ukugwema ukuhlaselwa kulula njengokungena olwandle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, okungaphezu kwengxenye yesine yoshaki nezinhlobo ze-ray kakade kusengozini yokuqedwa - kubo, akukho ndawo okumele ifihlwe.