Thatha Uhambo Ezintabeni ZaseBlenheim Palace eCotswolds

01 ngo-08

Ukubuka kwangaphakathi kwendawo enkulu kakhulu

I-Historic Blenheim Palace, enye yezindlu ezizimele kakhulu eBrithani, kwakuyikhaya lokuzalwa kanye nezingane ezisendlini kaSir Winston Churchill. Isibonelo esihle kakhulu sezakhiwo ze-Baroque zesiNgisi kanti, kanye nezizathu zayo ezinhle nokukhangayo, kwenza usuku olukhulu luvela eLondon, Oxford noma eBirmingham.

Kwaqala njengesipho esivela kumbongi othokoza, iNdlovukazi u-Anne, kuJohn Churchill, uMbusi wokuqala waseMarlborough, ehlonishwa ukunqoba amaFulentshi ngo-1704 Battle of Blenheim empini ye-Succession Spanish.

Ngesikhathi isigodlo esiphezulu seqedile, abanye abaqambi abakhulu, abakhiqizi, abalimi bezakhiwo zasemaphandleni, abadwebi, imidwebo nabadwebi bezithombe zekhulu le-18 bebambe iqhaza endalweni yayo kodwa uMdondolozi wezandla wayewile wonke umuntu - kuhlanganise neNdlovukazi yaseNgilandi.

Cishe amahora amabili ukusuka enkabeni yaseLondon ngemoto (engaphansi kwesitimela kanye nebhasi lendawo), iBalenheim Palace yenza uhambo olulula oluvela eLondon futhi "okumelwe" kunoma yikuphi ukuvakasha kweSouth-East noma eCotswolds. Thatha uhambo lwakhe, bese uhlela ukuvakashelwa kwakho.

Hlela Ukuvakashela Indlu yaseBlenheim

02 ngo-08

I-North Front

Isigodlo, esakhelwe uJohn Churchill, uMbusi wokuqala waseMarlborough, kwaba umvuzo wabaholi abathwele e-Battle of Blenheim. INdlovukazi u-Anne, iminyaka emibili kuphela ekubuseni kwakhe, yamnika "iManor and Honor of Woodstock kanye nekhulu leWooton", kanye no-£ 240,000 ukwakha indlu eyayizoba isikhumbuzo ekunqobeni kwakhe odumile. Ekugcineni, indlu kanye nabahlali bayo abadume kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi idume kakhulu ukudlula ukunqoba kwakhiwe ukugubha.

I-Churchills isivele isungulwe imindeni yasebukhosini, uSara umkaJohane engumngane omkhulu weNdlovukazi u-Anne. Ngayo yonke imibiko, kumele ukuba abe yinto encane, ngoba ngesikhathi indlu isiphelile, wayesehlile nabakhi, umakhi, abaculi kanye nabadwebi, hhayi ukukhuluma ngeNdlovukazi ngokwakhe.

Izivakashi zanamuhla eBlenheim zingabheka indlu noma zimane zijabulele izingadi, ipaki kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ezikhangayo kule ndawo yamagugu e-UNESCO World Heritage Site.

03 ngo-08

I-Clock Tower eBlenheim Palace

Ngesikhathi uMbusi waseMarborough eya empini, ebhekene neFrance futhi e-Battle of Ramillies ngo-1706, umkakhe uSara wazibamba indlu eyisikhumbuzo enkazimulweni yakhe. Nomaphi lapho ubheka khona, izimpawu nezintambo zempi zivame.

Umdwebi uJohn Vanbrugh, naye ongumdwebi wezakhiwo zakwa-Castle Howard eYork, oneminyaka engu-18, wasuswa nguNicholas Hawksmoor, owadala amasonto amaningi adumile eLondon. ULancelot "Ukukwazi" uBrown, wadala ipaki namachibi.

Kodwa, njengoba le phrojekthi yaba yilapho ethanda futhi ebiza kakhulu, iNdlovukazi noSara bahlambalaza. Izepolitiki zashintsha enkantolo futhi, lapho amaMarlborough engatholakali ngo-1712, imali yomsebenzi wayo yoma. Ngaleso sikhathi, iVanbrugh yayinecala elingama-£ 45,000 futhi konke okwakhiwa kwamiswa.

04 ngo-08

IHholo Elikhulu eBlenheim Palace

Ngesikhathi uMbusi waseMarlborough engekho ukulwa, uSarah, uMcukuzi, wazinikela ekwakheni isiqhumiso enkazimulweni yakhe njengoba iHholo elikhulu libonisa.

Lapho amaMarlborough engatholakali enkantolo, imali yokwakha i-Blenheim Palace yoma. Baya ekudingisweni eYurophu iminyaka emibili, bebuya kuphela ekufeni kweNdlovukazi u-Anne.

Ukusebenza endlini kwaqala futhi ngo-1716 kodwa, njengoba uMbusi manje ephuma esikhwameni sakhe (£ 60,000 nhlobo) wenqaba ukukhokhela amazinga omqhele. Abanye bezingcweti eziyinhloko, njenge-carver Grinling Gibbons, abahlobisa leli gumbi, benqaba ukubuyela emazingeni aphansi okukhokha. I-Vanbrugh ne-Hawksmoor baphinde bahlanganyela kodwa uVanbrugh ushiye intukuthelo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, ekhononda ngokugxeka okuqinile kukaDuchess futhi "ukwelashwa okungenakubekezeleleka" kuye. Kubonakala sengathi izinkinga nabakhi zingunaphakade.

U-Hawksmoor ubuyele emuva kokufa kukaDuke ukudala umncintiswano wokudumisa. Kodwa i-Vanbrugh yayingakaze ivumeleke kule ndawo futhi.

Nciphise amaDrama ...

... indlu eyakhayo yadalwa. Abavakashi bangena eBelenheim Palace ngeHholo Elikhulu, ngaphambi kokuqala ukuvakasha okuqondisiwe kwamagumbi anamnandi. I-Hall's 67 foot foot high wavezwa nguSir James Thornhill futhi ibonisa uMbusi wokuqala wengubo yamaRoma eveza uhlelo lwakhe lokulwa eBrithani.

Imidwebo yamatshe ezungeza ekamelweni yi-Grinling Gibbons futhi i-inventory yendlu iyichaza ngokuthi "ukusika okungavamile nokucebile kakhulu." Ngesikhathi sisegumbini le, bheka ibhuloho yethusi le-9th Duke e-Order yakhe ye-Garter izingubo, ngu-Sir Jacob Epstein.

05 ka-08

Igumbi lokuBhala eliGreen eBlenheim Palace

Ikamelo laseChina yilona lokuqala ukuvakasha kwebhola laseBlenheim. Phakathi kwezinsizakalo zeSevres naseMeissen ezikhonjisiwe lapho, bheka iMeissen tureen ngezinhlayiya zamakhemisi zesibambo saso. Ingxenye yenkonzo eyanikezwa uMbusi wesithathu yiNkosi yasePoland ngokushintshanisa ipaki ye-stag hounds.

Ihhovisi elibucayi ekamelweni, elihlotshiswe nge-marquetry yanamuhla, lenzelwe iminyaka eyinkulungwane nguViscount Linley, umshana kaNdlovukazi wamanje.

I-Suite Suite

Ngekhulu le-18 nele-19, izivakashi ezihloniphekile ezivakashela iBelenburg Palace zizonikezwa ukusetshenziswa kwamakamelo amathathu. Igumbi lokuBhala eliGreen, elifanekiselwe lapha, laliyingxenye yenkampani ehlanganisa nalokhu:

• Igumbi Lokudweba Oluhlaza elihlotshiswe ngesitayela seLouis XV. I-plailing enkulu, ehlotshiswe emaqabunga egolide angu-24K, ngoNicholas Hawksmoor newashi elimangalisayo le-ormolu elenziwe uGosselin waseParis. Bheka i-portrait ye-Duke 4 e-Order yakhe yezingubo ze-Garter (efana noGeorge Washington). Ngasemuva, ungabona ukuthi ukukhwabanisa kwe-"Capability" kwe-Brown kubonakala kanjani ekhulwini le-18 kanye nethempeli lika-Diana, ubuwula obudala, lapho uWinston Churchill ehlongozela khona umkakhe.
• Igumbi eliGwetshiwe Elibomvu elihlotshiswe ngefenisha yeChippendale ne-Savonniere. Ama-portraits amabili adingekayo ukuthatha isikhathi esithile ngaphezulu umdwebo weDuke wesi-4 nomndeni wakhe ngu-Sir Joshua Reynolds kanye nesithombe seDuke lesi-9 nomkakhe waseMelika, u-Consuelo Vanderbilt, odwetshwe ngumdwebi womdwebi uJohn Singer Sargent.

Igumbi lokuBhala eliGreen

Phakathi kwengcebo yalesi gumbi, edume kakhulu yi-tapestry yaseBelgium ebonisa uMbusi wokuqala owamukela ukuzinikela kwamaFulentshi e-Battle of Blenheim. Kuyinto ephawulekayo ngoba imininingwane yokuzibonela. Noma ubani onentshisekelo kumlando wezempi wekhulu le-18 kufanele asebenzise isikhathi esithile atadisha yonke into eyenziwa ngemuva kwesenzo esiyinhloko se-tapestry.

06 ka-08

I-Saloon

Ake ucabange ukuthi unekamelo endlini yakho oyisebenzisa kuphela ngonyaka. I-Saloon, igumbi lokudlela likahulumeni eBlenheim Palace yilelo gumbi. Umndeni weDuke waseMarlborough uyisebenzise uKhisimusi isidlo saseKhisimusi futhi yilokho.

I-murals kanye nemidwebo kuleli gumbi elihle kakhulu liqoshwe umculi waseFrance uLouis Laguerre, owathengisela imali engu-£ 500. USir James Thornhill, owagcoba ukufakwa kweHholo Olukhulu ekuqaleni wayethunywe ukwenza leli gumbi, kodwa uSara, oDuchess 1st of Marlborough waphikisana nemali yakhe. Wayedume ngokuba nemali yokuphikisana nokuphikisana nabadwebi nabasebenzi abaqashile. Ezingxabano ezifanayo nabakhi, i-master carver i-Grinling Gibbons yaqeda kuphela enye yamacala eminyango eqoshiwe lapho umsebenzi wendlu unqanyulwa ngo-1712. Akazange abuyele lapho umsebenzi uqala kabusha.

Isakhiwo esikhulu esiyisiliva esisezingeni elikuleli kamelo libonisa uMbusi wokuqala, ehamba ngehhashi, ebhala ngokuthumela umkakhe, emyala ukuthi abike ukunqoba eBlenheim ku-Queen Anne. I-dispatch, ebhala phansi ngemuva kwe-bill ye-tavern, igcinwe eBritish Library (ikhophi igcinwe egumbini lokuqala lesizwe). Isici sokuqala senziwa nguGarard, i-Crown Jewelers.

07 ngo-08

Igumbi Lokuqala Lombuso eBlenheim Palace

Amathepistri amaningi aseBelgium abonisa ukunqoba kwempi yaseMarborough emagumbini okuqala amathathu "ombuso" axhuma i-Saloon kwiLathala elide.

UDuke wokuqala wabeka uchungechunge lwama-tapestries angu-11, avela eBelgium weaver deVos, ukugubha impumelelo yakhe yempi yekhulu le-18. Impi ye-Battle of Blenheim iboniswa egumbini lokuBhala eliGreen. Phakathi kwalabo aboniswe kuleli gumbi kukhona:

• Umdwebo weDonauworth, obonisa amabutho kaMarborough alungiselela ukuhlasela inqabeni nomuzi oqoshiwe.
• I-Battle of Malplaquet
• Ukuwela iLines of Brabant
• Ukuvinjelwa kweLille.

Ngaphezulu kwendawo yokubeka umlilo kukhona isithombe sikaConsuelo Vanderbilt, umfazi waseMelika wokuqala weDuke 9. Kungenzeka, imali ye-Vanderbilt eyasiza ekubuyiseleni ukufakwa kwesiliva salesi gumbi. Ihlotshiswe ngegolide le-9 ye-carat futhi likopishwa kusukela edilini eVersailles.

I-Quit-Rent Standard

Enye yezintambo zeBelenheim Palace yiyona Standard standard. Ibhanna enezimbali ezintathu ze-lys, yiyona indinganiso yasebukhosini yaseFrance. Ngokuhlelwa kweNdlovukazi u-Anne, isilinganiso esisha se-Quit-Rent sinikezwa inkosi njalo ngonyaka ngosuku lokugubha iMpi yaseBlenheim.

Ngesikhathi sisegumbini, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka umkhonto ongekho emlenzeni, owenziwe umthofu lapho u-Duchess Consuelo egwedla khona amadodana akhe amabili, omunye wabo waba uMdusi we-10.

08 ngo-08

I-Long Library eBlenheim Palace

Izincwadi ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 000 zigcinwa e-Long Library, ehlelwe yi-Vanbrugh futhi yenzelwe nguNicholas Hawksmoor.

Igumbi lezinto ezinhle kakhulu, i-Long Library isebenzisa ubude bendlu yangasentshonalanga futhi lilodwa lamakamelo asele kakhulu endlini yangasese eBrithani. Ezikhathini zangaphambili, abesifazane baqala ukuvivinya ngesimo sezulu ngokuhambahamba egumbini eliseVanbrugh elichazwa ngokuthi "igumbi elihle legalari noma legalari yezithombe." Elingamamitha angu-183 ubude namamitha angu-32 phezulu, i-Long Library iqukethe isakhi esakhiwe nguHenry Willis ngo-1891 - isitho esikhulu kunazo zonke endlini yangasese eYurophu.

Nakuba ekuqaleni kwakuhlelwe iVanbrugh, i-Long Library eBlenheim Palace kubhekwa njengekamelo elihle kunazo zonke lika Hawksmoor endlini. Zichitha isikhathi esibheke ekufakeni okungajwayelekile okuvela ku-stucco, kufaka phakathi izindlu ezimbili zamanga, zaqedwa ngo-1725.

Amapaneli angenalutho angabonakali nakanye okungahambisani nalabo abahlobisa. USir James Thornhill wayethunywe ukuba azalise izigcawu ezingenalutho. Wazibiza kakhulu kangangokuthi ahlala engenalutho. Ngokuthakazelisayo, kule ndawo yokubonisa ye-Baroque yesiNgisi, amaphaneli angenalutho abeka phansi igumbi lokubonakala okulula, okujwayelekile ngokwendlela ye-neoclassical noma yaseGeorgia kaRobert Adam ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18.

I-Long Library ibone ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene eminyakeni edlule. Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe I kwakuyiwadi yesibhedlela kanti phakathi neMpi Yezwe II kwaba yindawo yokuhlala yama-Malvern College abafana. Kusukela ngo-1940 kuya ku-1944, abalobi base-MI5 bagcwalisa ikamelo ngamadesiki abo kanye nomsebenzi ophezulu wokuhlakanipha. Namuhla, i-Long Library ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa ama-charity balls.

Thola okuningi ngokuvakashela i-Palace yaseBlenheim bese uhlela usuku lwakho.