Ukugijima emoyeni
Akuyona nje ingqondo yakho - izigameko zokufutheka emoyeni zanda ngo-2015, ngokusho kwe-International Air Transport Association (IATA), iqembu lokuhweba elimelela izindiza zezindiza emhlabeni. Izigameko ezingaba ngu-11 000 zomgibeli ezigijimayo zabikwa ku-IATA ngezindiza zezindiza emhlabeni wonke, okulingana nesenzakalo esisodwa kuzo zonke izindiza ezingu-1,205, ukwanda kwezigameko ezingu-9,316 ezibikwe ngo-2014 (noma isenzakalo esisodwa kuzo zonke izindiza ezingu-1,282).
Izenzakalo ngo-2015 ezenza izindaba zifakwe:
Abagibeli ababili kwizindiza zezindiza e-United Airlines banqotshwa umgibeli ozama ukufika ku-cockpit;
Indiza yezindiza yaseMelika esuka eMiami kuya eChicago ihanjiswe eya e-Indianapolis ngemuva kokumangalelwa owesifazane, wabe eshaywa umsizi wendiza;
I-Southwest Airlines kumele yenze indawo ephuthumayo e-Los Angeles International Airport ngemuva kokuphikisana ngesitulo esihlala phansi; futhi
Umgibeli wendiza yaseBrithani Airways esuka eLondon eya eBoston kwadingeka avinjelwe njengoba ezama ukufaka i-cockpit.
Phakathi kuka-2007 no-2015, i-IATA yabika lapho kwakukhona amacala angaba ngu-50 000 abikwa ngezigameko ezingahambi kahle ezigibela izindiza ezindiza, kuhlanganise nodlame olubhekiswe kwabasebenzi kanye nabanye abagibeli, ukuhlukunyezwa nokuhluleka ukulandela imiyalelo yokuphepha.
Iningi lezigameko zokuhlukunyezwa ngamazwi, ukwehluleka ukulandela imiyalelo yabasebenzi bezomthetho kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokuziphatha okuphikisana nomphakathi. Amaphesenti ayisishiyagalolunye emibiko yegijimi engalawuleki ayebhekene nokuhlukumeza ngokomzimba kubagibeli noma abasebenzi noma ukulimala kwendiza.
Imibiko engamatshumi amabili lamatshumi amabili lamatshumi amathathu ekhombisa ukuthi ukuphuza utshwala noma izidakamizwa kuyingxenye yamaphesenti angamaphesenti angama-23, kodwa ezikhathini eziningi lezi zidliwa ngaphambi kokugibela noma ukuhlinzekwa komuntu ngaphandle kolwazi lwabasebenzi.
"Ukuziphatha okungalawuleki nokuphazamisayo akumamukeli nje.
Ukuziphatha okuphikisana nomphakathi komncintiswano omncane wamakhasimende kungaba nemiphumela engathandeki ekuphepheni nasekuthuthukisweni kwabo bonke abakubo. Ukwanda kwezigameko ezibikiwe kusitshela ukuthi ukuvimbela okusebenzayo okudingekayo kuyadingeka. Izindiza zezindiza nezindiza zezindiza ziqondiswa yimigomo eyinhloko eyakhiwe ngo-2014 ukusiza ukuvimbela nokuphatha izigameko ezinjalo. Kodwa asikwazi ukukwenza yedwa. Yingakho sikhuthaza ohulumeni abaningi ukuba baqinisekise uhlelo lweMontreal Protocol 2014, "kusho u-Alexandre de Juniac, uMqondisi Jikelele we-IATA esitatimendeni.
I-Protocol yaseMontreal 2014 yabhalwa ukuvala izikhala emkhakheni wezomthetho wamazwe omhlaba osebenzelana nabagibeli abangalawuleki. Izinguquko ezivunyelweneyo zinikeza ukucaca okucacile kuncazelo yokuziphatha okungalawuleki, kuhlanganise nokusongelwa noma ukuhlaselwa ngokomzimba, noma ukwenqaba ukulandela imiyalelo ehlobene nokuphepha. Kunamalungiselelo amasha okubhekana nokubuyiswa kwezindleko ezibalulekile ezivela ekuziphatheni okungalawuleki.
Njengengxenye yalowo mzamo, izindiza zezindiza zakha uhlelo olulinganiselayo, olunamathekisthi amaningi okubhekana nokuziphatha okungalawuleki, ngokusekelwe ekukhuleni kwamandla omhlaba wonke nokwenza ngcono ukuvimbela nokuphathwa kwezigameko. Kuze kube manje, amazwe ayisithupha kuphela asemukele le protocol, kodwa 22 izidingo eziphelele zokuzisayina ngaphambi kokuba ziphoqelelwe.
Amanye amazwe agxile ekuthandeni utshwala njengesiqalo sokuziphatha okuphazamisayo. Izindiza zezindiza sezivele zineziqondiso eziqinile kanye nokuqeqeshwa komqeqeshi ngokuhlinzekwa okudakayo kokuphuza utshwala, futhi i-IATA isekela izinyathelo, njengekhodi yokusebenza ephayona e-UK, okubandakanya ukugxila kokuvinjelwa nokuphuza ngokweqile ngaphambi kokugibela ibhodi.
Abasebenzi emabhokisini asezindiza kanye nezitolo ezingenamsebenzi kufanele baqeqeshwe ukuba baphuze utshwala ngokucophelela ukuze bagweme izinhlinzeko ezikhuthaza ukuphuza ngokweqile. Ubufakazi obuvela ohlelweni oluqaliswe yiMonarch Airlines eLatwick Airport eLondon lubonisa ukuthi izimo zokuziphatha okuphazamisayo zingaqedwa ngesigamu nale ndlela esebenzayo ngaphambi kwebhodi labagibeli.
Ukuphepha emoyeni kuqala phansi, futhi i-IATA ikhuthaza izindiza ukuba igcine umgibeli ebonisa ukuziphatha okungavumelekile phansi futhi ebale indiza, ikhuthaza ukudala imihlahlandlela engasetshenziswa kusukela ekufikeni esikhumulweni sezindiza kuze kufike ekamelweni eligibeli.
Izigameko ezingahambi kahle ezigibela izakhamuzi zenzeka kuzo zonke izigaba zekhishi, futhi uma zikhula, zingabangela izingozi zokuphepha nezingozi zokuphepha. Le protocol yizindaba ezinhle kuwo wonke umuntu ohamba ngezinyawo - abagibeli nabasebenzi ngokufanayo, kusho i-IATA. Izinguquko, kanye nezinyathelo ezithathwe yizindiza ezindiza, zizokwenza kube nzima ukuziphatha okungamukeleki ebhodini.