Konke Okudingeka Ukwazi Ngokuvakashelwa Indawo Eyaziwayo YaseFlorence
I-Cathedral yaseSanta Maria del Fiore , eyaziwa nangokuthi il Duomo , iyisibonakaliso somuzi futhi iyona isakhiwo esibonakala kunazo zonke eFlorence, e-Italy. I-cathedral kanye ne- bell tower ( campanile ) kanye nokubhapathizwa ( battistero ) ziphakathi kwezivakashi eziyisikhombisa eziphezulu eFlorence kanti iDuomo nayo ibhekwa njengenye yamasonto aphezulu okubona e-Italy .
Ulwazi Lomvakashele weDuomo Cathedral
I-Santa Maria del Fiore ihlezi e-Piazza Duomo, etholakala esikhungweni semlando saseFlorence.
Lapho uvakashela iDuomo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akukho zimoto ezivunyelwe ukushayela esigcawini (Piazza Duomo), futhi amahora okusebenza we-cathedral ahlukahluka ngosuku nosuku. Vakashela iwebhusayithi yeDuomo ngaphambi kokufika kwakho ukubuka amahora okusebenza okwamanje nolunye ulwazi.
Ukungena ekamelweni lesikhulu kuyinto yamahhala, kodwa kunezindleko zokuvakashela i-dome kanye ne-crypt, efaka amathafa ase- Santa Reparata . Ukuvakashelwa okuqondiswayo (kanye nemali) kugijima cishe imizuzu engama-45 ngayinye futhi kuyatholakala kwiDuomo, idome yayo, indawo yokukhulekela yamasonto, naseSanta Reparata.
Umlando weDuomo Cathedral
I-Duomo yakhiwe phezu kwezinsalela ze-cathedral yaseSanta Reparata yekhulu lesine. Ekuqaleni yenzelwe i-Arnolfo di Cambio ngo-1296, kodwa isici sayo esiyinhloko, i-dome enkulu, yenziwa ngokuvumelana namacebo kaFilippo Brunelleschi. Unqobe ikhomishana yokuhlela nokwakha idome ngemuva kokuwina umncintiswano womklamo, okwamenza amelane nabanye abadwebi be-Florentine nabadwebi, kuhlanganise noLornzo Ghiberti.
Ukusebenza kule dome kwaqala ngo-1420 futhi kwaqedwa ngo-1436.
I-dome yaseBrunelleschi ingenye yezinkampani zokwakha nezakhiwo zobungcweti zesikhathi sayo. Ngaphambi kweBrunelleschi yathumela isiphakamiso sakhe sokuklanywa, ukwakhiwa kwedome likaKhristu kwakuye kwaqedwa ngoba kwakunqunywe ukuthi ukwakha idome lobukhulu bayo kwakungenakwenzeka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izindiza ezindizayo.
Ukuqonda kukaBrunelleschi kweminye imiqondo esemqoka ye-physics ne-geometry yamsize ukuba axazulule le nkinga futhi athole umncintiswano wokuklama. Icebo lakhe le-dome lalihlanganisa amaqobelengwane angaphakathi nangaphandle ayebanjwe ndawonye ne-ring ring kanye ne-rib system. Uhlelo lukaBrunelleschi lwalusebenzisa futhi i-herringbone iphethini yokugcina izitini zedome zingawela phansi. Lezi zindlela zokwakha zijwayele ukujwayela namuhla kepha ziphendukele ngesikhathi sikaBrunelleschi.
I-Santa Maria del Fiore ingenye yamasonto amakhulu kakhulu emhlabeni. I-dome yayo yayiyikhulu kunabo bonke kuze kufike ukwakhiwa kwe- Saint Peter's Basilica eVatican City , eyaqedwa ngo-1615.
I-façade ebamba amehlo eDu Florence yaseDuomo yenziwe ngamapaneli e-polychrome we-marble eluhlaza, omhlophe, obomvu. Kodwa lo mklamo awuwona owokuqala. Ingaphandle okubonwayo namuhla yaqedwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 leminyaka. I-Duomo yangaphambili edizayiniswa yi-Arnolfo di Cambio, i-Giotto, neBernardo Buontalenti zibukwa eMuso del Opera del Duomo (iCathhedral Museum).