Ukuvakashela Ubhapathizo LwaseJohane
I-Baptistery eFlorence iyingxenye yenkimbinkimbi yeDuomo, ehlanganisa iKathhedral yaseSanta Maria del Fiore kanye neCampanile . Izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi ukwakhiwa koBhapathizo, owaziwa nangokuthi iBatisterister San Giovanni noma uSt John John's Baptistery, waqala ngo-1059, okwenza kube yinye yezakhiwo ezindala kunazo zonke eFlorence.
Ubhapathizo obunama-octagon eyaziwa kakhulu ngeminyango yalo yobhedu, ekhombisa izithombe eziveziwe ezivela eBhayibhelini.
U-Andrea Pisano waklama iminyango yaseningizimu, iqoqo lokuqala leminyango elinikezwe iBhaptistery. Iminyango yaseningizimu ihlanganisa ama-reliefs angu-28 e-bronze: ama-reliefs angu-20 aphezulu abonisa izigcawu ezivela ekuphileni kukaSt. John uMbhapathizi kanye nezinhlawulo eziphansi eziyisishiyagalombili zineziphakamiso zobuhle, njenge-Prudence kanye nobuLungile. Iminyango kaPisano yafakwa emnyango wangaseningizimu weBhapathizo ngo-1336.
U-Lorenzo Ghiberti noThe Florence Baptistery
U-Lorenzo Ghiberti ungumculi ohlotshaniswa kakhulu neminyango yeBhapathizo ngoba yena kanye no-workshop yakhe bakhethe iminyango engasenyakatho nasempumalanga. Ngo-1401, uGhiberti wayinqoba umncintiswano wokwakha iminyango yasenyakatho. Umncintiswano odumile, owawubanjwe uMbutho Wezobucayi Wobuciko BeFlorence (u-Arte di Calimala), waphakamisa uGhiberti ngokumelene noFilippo Brunelleschi, owayezoqhubeka eyakha isakhiwo seDuomo. Iminyango yasenyakatho ifana neminyango yaseningizimu yasePisano, ngoba inezinhlaka ezingu-28. Amaphakamenti angu-20 aphezulu aveza impilo kaJesu, kusukela ku "Annunciation" kuya "Miracle of Pentecost"; ngezansi yizinhlaka eziyisishiyagalombili ezibonisa abangcwele uMatewu, uMarku, uLuka, uJohane, u-Ambrose, uJerome, uGregory no-Augustine.
UGhiberti waqala ukusebenza eminyango yasenyakatho ngo-1403 futhi wabekwa emnyango wangasenyakatho weBhapathizo ngo-1424.
Ngenxa yokuphumelela kukaGhiberti ekwakheni iminyango engasenyakatho yeBhapathizo, iBalimala Guild yammeme ukuba akhe iminyango yasempumalanga, ebhekene noDuomo. Lezi zicabha zaziphonswe ngebhesi, zifakwe eceleni, futhi zathatha iminyaka engu-27 uGhiberti ukuqedela.
Eqinisweni, iminyango yasempumalanga yayidlula ubuhle nobuciko eminyango yaseNyakatho kaGhiberti, okwenza uMachelangelo abize izicabha ze "Gates of Paradise". "AmaGates ePharadesi" aqukethe amaphakamenti angu-10 kuphela futhi abonise izigcawu eziyishumi nambili zeBhayibheli kanye nezinhlamvu, ezihlanganisa "u-Adamu no-Eva ePharadesi," "uNowa," "uMose," no "David." AmaGates ePharadesi ayemiswa emnyango wangasempumalanga weBhapathizo ngo-1452.
Amathiphu Okuvakashela I-Florence Baptistery
Zonke izinhlawulo ezibonakalayo manje eminyango yeBhapathizo zingamakhophi. Ama-original, kanye nama-sketchings nabadwebi be-artists, ase-Museo dell'Opera del Duomo.
Ngenkathi ungakwazi ukuhlola ama-reliefs emnyango ngaphandle kokuthenga ithikithi, kufanele ukhokhe ukungena ukuze ubuke ingaphakathi elihle kakhulu elibhapathiziwe. Ihlotshiswe nge-polychrome marble futhi i-cupola yayo ihlotshiswe ngegolide eqoshiwe. Ehlelwe emibuthanweni eyisishiyagalombili eyinkimbinkimbi, imibala ebonakalayo ekhombisa ngokucacile izigcawu ezivela kuGenesise neJaji Lokugcina, kanye nezigcawu ezivela empilweni zikaJesu, uJoseph, noJohane uMbhapathizi. I-interior nayo iqukethe ithuna lika-Antipope Baldassare Coscia, elakhiwe ngabaculi uDonatello noMichelozzo.
Yiqiniso, uMbhapathizo wakhiwe ukuba abe ngaphezu kokubonisa.
I-Florentines eminingi edumile, kuhlanganise noDante namalungu omndeni wakwaMedici, babhapathizwa lapha. Empeleni, kuze kube sekhulwini le-19, wonke amaKatolika aseFlorence abhapathizwa eBattistero San Giovanni.
Indawo: Piazza Duomo esikhungweni semlando saseFlorence.
Amahora: NgoLwesibili-ngoMgqibelo, ngo-12: 15 ntambama kuze ku-7: 00 ntambama, ngeSonto nangeMgqibelo wokuqala wenyanga 8:30 ekuseni kuze ku-2: 00 ntambama, kuvaliwe ngoJanuwari 1, ngeSonto lika-Easter, ngo-September 8, kuDisemba 25
Ulwazi: Vakashela iwebhusayithi yeBhapathizo, noma ushayele ngo-0039) 055-2302885
Ukwamukelwa: Amaphesenti amahora angu-48 kuwo wonke uchungechunge lweDuomo angama-€ 15.