I-Silk Road yase-China
I-Silk Road (noma i-Sichou zhi lu atever綢之路) yigama elihlanganiswe ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 leminyaka isazi saseJalimane sokuchaza izindlela zokuhweba ezixhuma eMpumalanga Ephakathi, eNdiya YaseMelika naseMedithera kuya eChina. Kwakungewona owodwa umzila kodwa kunomgwaqo wezindlela zomhlaba nezindlela zasolwandle ezenza ukuhwebelana phakathi kwemibuso kungenzeka.
Zhang Qian kanye nokuvulwa komgwaqo uSilk
Indaba iqala ngeZhang Qian .
Lo mhloli kanye nodiplomat wathunyelwa nguHan Emperor Wudi ukwenza ubudlelwane nabantu baseYuezhi abaphethe uHan othembekile ukuthi angakha ubudlelwane obufanayo ngokumelene nabahlaseli be-Xiongnu abazibulala. UZhang Qian akazange aphumelele ekukhulumeni kwakhe kodwa ngesikhathi uhambo lwakhe (oludlula iminyaka eyishumi) wakwazi ukushintshanisa isilikhi okokuqala ngaphandle kweChina. Lokhu kushintshaniswa kwakha indlala eNtshonalanga ngenxa yobulika futhi kukhishwe ukushintshaniswa futhi kuhwebelana emigwaqweni ezoba yindlela yokuSilk. Funda indaba egcwele yeZhang Qian kanye nokuvulwa komgwaqo uSilk .
I-Silk Road Trade
Ukuqala ngesikhathi seHan Dynasty (206BC - AD 220), isilikhi kwakuyisitolo esikhulu esithunyelwa esuka eChina kodwa kwakuyizindlela ezihamba ngezandla zamasiko, ezobuchwepheshe nezokulima. Isibonelo, ubuBuddha banda eChina eduze kweSilk Road ekhulwini lokuqala. Kwakukhona izitebhisi eziningi emgwaqweni owaphela eCangan, inhloko-dolobha yaseTang Dynasty (618-907) lapho idolobha lanamuhla lase-Xi'an lihlala manje.
Ngemuva kweNdabuko yamaTang ukubaluleka komgwaqo uSilk kwancipha njengokungathi ukugxila kwezokuhweba kushintshile empumalanga kodwa imizila yahlala ivulekile futhi ibalulekile futhi yabona ukubuyiselwa kokubaluleka ngaphansi kweMongol I-Mongol. Kwakukhona kule mizila uMarco Polo eya eChina phakathi nendlu ka Yuan (1279-1368).
Njengoba ukuqhutshwa kobukhosi baseYuan phezu kweChina kwadlula, ukungahambisani emigwaqweni kwadlula ukuphakama kwamazwe ahlukene kanye nokusetshenziswa kakhudlwana kwemizila yolwandle yokuhweba.
Ukubaluleka komgwaqo uSilk kunqabile kakhulu ngemuva kokuwa kobuzwe baseYuan.
Ukuhamba Ngomgwaqo We-Silk
Namuhla, lapho kukhulunywa khona "Silk Road", kuveza izithombe zamakhamera amakamela, izindawo zokugwaza namafutha ohlaza. Ukuhamba ngeSilk Road yosuku lwesimanje kungenye yehambo evulekayo engangiyithola kulo lonke ulwazi lwami eChina.
I-China Silk Road ihlanganisa izindawo ezisuka e-Xi'an zanamuhla, enyakatho kuya eLanzhou esifundazweni saseGansu , ngokusebenzisa i- Hexi Corridor eya eDunhuang bese kufike e-Xinjiang lapho umzila uhlukaniswe khona umgwaqo osenyakatho neseningizimu oseduze neDangla laseTatlamakan ukuze bahlangane eKashgar . Umgwaqo uSilk wabe eshiya [yikuphi usuku lwangempela] eChina futhi wawela uhla lweNtaba yeMamir ePakistan nase-Afghanistan. Ukuthatha uhambo lwe-Silk Road kungaba yindlela ekhangayo yokubona nokuqonda umlando wasendulo waseChina kanye nezibopho nawo wonke umhlaba.
Ngenze uhambo oluningi nge-Silk Road yaseChina. Ngenkathi ungatholi amatende avuleka ku-caravanserai, kuningi okumele ubone.
- Izindawo eziningi zokuvubukula zigcinwe kahle futhi zinikeza umbono wezobuciko, ulwazi kanye nokuhweba okuthuthukisiwe eminyakeni eyinkulungwane edlule. Isayithi le-Mogao Grottoes eDunhuang mhlawumbe indawo evelele yokubona ubuciko beBuddhist obudala amakhulu eminyaka.
- Izindawo ezizungeze iDangladule yaseTatakakan kuhlanganise nosizo lwe- Yadan Geological Site ukuguqula isithombe samakamela amakamela bese kukunika ukunambitheka kwangempela kwalokhu abadayisi abhekane nesimo sezulu esibucayi esibucayi okufanele babhekane nayo.
- Futhi uhambo oluhamba nge- Hexi Corridor likuvumela ukuba uvakashele edolobheni edolobheni idolobha lasendulo lapho uhamba phakathi kwezintaba ezimbili ukusuka eLanzhou ukuze ufike enqenqemeni yeDeang Desert eDunhuang.
- I-Autonomous Region yase-Xinjiang ithatha izinto eziningi ezidumile ze-Silk Road. Ukuhamba azungeze iKashgar, u-Urumqi noTurpan banganikeza umhambi waseSilk Road abaningi bajabule.