Usuku lokuzimela lwase-Argentina - ngoJulayi 9

Usuku lwe-Independence yase-Argentina lungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kuleli zwe futhi elilodwa lezinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu. Sekuthintekile mayelana nabantu bezinye izizwe abahlasela indawo yabo, izizwe ezivela kulo manje ese-Argentina azizange zamukele ukwamukeleka kwabaseSpain bokuqala abafika emanzini ogwini laseRío de la Plata.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-16, amaqembu aseNdiya enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Argentina ayemisa ama-Incas awela phezu kwezimoto ezivela eBolivia.

Enye yemizila yayiphezu kwePuente del Inca.

UmSpain uJan de Solís wafika emaphethelweni asePlata ngo-1516 futhi waphoqwa amaNdiya, athunjwa futhi abulawa. Abagibeli bakhe bahamba ngomkhumbi futhi ngo-1520, uFerdinand de Magellan wayemisa nge-Voyage Round the World kodwa akazange ahlale. Ngokulandelayo, bobabili uSebastian Cabot noGeorge García bahamba ngomkhumbi ngemifula yaseParaná naseParaguay ngo-1527 ukuze benze indawo encane ababeyibiza ngokuthi iSancti Spiritus . Abahlali basekhaya babhubhisa le ndawo futhi bobabili abahloli bamazwe babuyela eSpain.

Ukungayeki, abaseSpain bazama futhi. Ngalesisikhathi, uPerro de Mendoza wafika ngo-1536, enamandla amakhulu ahlinzekwa ngemishini namahhashi. Ekhetha indawo yakhe, wasungula indawo ethi Santa María del Buen Aire , namuhla eyaziwa ngokuthi iBuenos Aires .

Kodwa-ke, abomdabu babengajabuli ngaye kunabalingani bakhe futhi uMendoza wabuyela eSpain, eshiya uJan de Ayolas noDomingo Martínez de Irala.

Lo wesifazane wenyuka umfula ukuze athole u-Asuncíon eParaguay futhi kamuva waletha abasindile eBuenos Aires baya e-Asuncíon. U-Ayolas wasuka waya e-Peru, kakade anqotshwa yiPizarro, futhi ulahlekelwa umlando.

Funda: Izinto ezingu-10 ongeke uzilahle eBuenos Aires

Ekupheleni kuka-1570 amabutho aseParaguay asungula uSanta Fé e-Argentina.

Ngo-11 Juni 1580 uJuan de Garay wabe eseqala ukuhlala eBuenos Aires. Ngaphansi komlandeli kaGaray, u-Hernando Arias de Saavedra, uBuenos Aires wathatha izimpande futhi waqala ukuphumelela.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngaphesheya kwezwekazi, ukuhamba okuvela ePeru naseChile, abanye ngasekupheleni kuka-1543, balandela imigwaqo endala yase-Inca baya e-Argentina futhi benza izindawo zokuhlala emaphandleni asempumalanga ase-Andes. I-Santiago del Estero, iTucumán, eCórdoba , i-Salta, iLa Rioja neSan Salvador de Jujuy yiwona amadolobha amadala kunawo wonke e-Argentina.

Izindaba ze-Revolution yesiFulentshi ne-American Revolutionary War zagqugquzela imibono evulekile phakathi kwabahlakaniphileyo baseLatin American nabopolitiki. I-Viceroyalty of Río de la Plata, eyakhiwe ngo-1776 futhi ihlanganisa neChile, iParaguay, i-Argentina, i-Uruguay neyaseBolivia, yawela lapho uNapoleon ehlasela iSpain futhi efaka inkosi, uFerdinand VII.

Idolobha elihamba phambili lasechwebeni laseBuenos Aires laletha inhloso ekhangayo kwabaseBrithani, manje ehlanganyela ePeninsular Wars eYurophu. AbaseBrithani bahlasela ngo-1806 futhi futhi ngo-1807 futhi bahlaselwa. Ukuguqula amandla asemhlabeni aphakeme kunamathemba emibuthanweni yamakholoni eyayibuka isimo sabo sezombusazwe.

Ngemva kokuba amaFrance athathe amandla eSpain, abathengisi abacebile eBuenos Aires babengumqhudelwano wokunyakaza kwezinguquko.

Ngomhla ka-25 Meyi 1810, i- cabildo yaseBuenos Aires yabeka i-viceroy futhi yamemezela ukuthi yayiyobusa esikhundleni senkosi uFernando VII. Umuzi wakha i- junta yayo futhi wamema ezinye izifundazwe ukuba zijoyine. Kodwa-ke, ukungavumelani phakathi kwamaqembu ezombangazwe kwaphuza isimemezelo esihle sokuzimela.

Ngenkathi kuqhutshwa izingxoxo, imikhankaso yezempi eyayiholwa nguJenerali José de San Martín e-Argentina nakwamanye amazwe aseNingizimu Melika phakathi kuka-1814 no-1817 yenza ukuzimela kusuka eSpain kuyaqhubeka nokuyiqiniso.

Usuku lokuzimela lwase-Argentina - Kungani Lugujwa NgoJulayi 9

Kwaze kwafika ngo-Mashi ka-1816, ngemuva kokunqotshwa kukaNapoleon e-Waterloo, ukuthi abameli bezifundazwe ezahlukene bahlangana eTucumán ukuxoxa ngekusasa lezwe labo. NgoJulayi 9 izihambeli zahlangana ekhaya lomndeni waseBazán, manje iCasa Histórica de la Independencia museum, ukumemezela ukuzimela kwabo ekubuseni iSpanishi kanye nokwakhiwa kwamaProvinsi ase-United States eNingizimu Melika kamuva kwiProvincial Unidas del Río de la Plata .

I-Acta de la Declaración de la Independencia Argentina isayine, i-congress esanda kuhlanganiswa ayikwazanga ukuthola isivumelwano ngesimo sikahulumeni. Bamisa umqondisi ophakeme, kodwa izithunywa eziningi zakhetha umbuso wezomthethosisekelo. Abanye bafuna isimiso se-republican sezwe, kanti abanye basesimisweni sezwe. Ngehluleka ukuthola ukuvumelana, izinkolelo eziphikisayo zagcina zenza impi yombango ngo-1819.

Ukuthatha amandla, uJuan Manuel de Rosas, wabusa kusukela ngo-1829 kuya ku-1852 ngenkathi ekhonza njengomnakekeli wobudlelwane bangaphandle bezwe lonke, owayengenalo olunye uhlobo lukahulumeni wesifundazwe. Uhlonishwa njengomushiqela, uRosas wanqotshwa yi-revolution eholwa nguGeneral Justo José de Urquiza ngaphansi kwakhe owasungulwa ubumbano wase-Argentine, futhi umthethosisekelo wasungulwa ngo-1853.

I-Independence Day yase-Argentina manje igubha ngoJulayi 9.

Viva Argentina!